Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The stepwise mechanism for the reaction of
Concept introduction: Claisen condensation takes place between two esters or between an ester and a
(b)
Interpretation: An explanation regarding the formation of a new carbon-carbon bond on
Concept introduction: Claisen condensation takes place between two esters or between an ester and a ketone. In crossed Claisen condensation reaction, a base abstracts an acidic proton from an
(c)
Interpretation: The reason as to why the given reaction is an example of a crossed Claisen reaction is to be stated.
Concept introduction: Claisen condensation takes place between two esters or between an ester and a ketone. In crossed Claisen condensation reaction, a base abstracts an acidic proton from an
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Chapter 24 Solutions
Organic Chemistry -Study Guide / Solution Manual (Custom)
- Acetals are formed from the reaction of two alcohols with a carbonyl under acidic conditions. Acetal formation is faster with 1,2-ethanediol than with two methanol molecules. Choose the factor that explains the difference in reaction rates. A) The reaction with 1,2-ethanediol has a lower AH (enthalpy) of reaction. B) The reaction with 1,2-ethanediol has a higher AH (enthalpy) of reaction. C) The reaction with 1,2-ethanediol has a more favorable entropy of reaction.arrow_forward(a) Draw the structure of the hemiacetal formed from one mole of benzaldehyde and one mole of ethanol. (b) Draw the structure of the acetal formed from one mole of benzaldehyde and two moles of ethanol. (c) Draw the structure of 2-methoxy-2-butanol. What compounds could you prepare this from?arrow_forwardDraw the products formed when phenol (C6H5OH) is treated with following set of reagents. [1] CH3CH2Cl, AlCl3; [2] Br2, hνarrow_forward
- Draw the products formed when each compound is treated with HNO3 and H2SO4.State whether the reaction occurs faster or slower than a similar reaction with benzene.arrow_forwardThe following questions concern ethyl (2-oxocyclohexane)carboxylate.(a) Write a chemical equation showing how you could prepare ethyl (2-oxocyclohexane)-carboxylate by a Dieckmann cyclization.(b) Write a chemical equation showing how you could prepare ethyl (2-oxocyclohexane)-carboxylate by acylation of a ketone.(c) Write structural formulas for the two most stable enol forms of ethyl (2-oxocyclohexane)carboxylate.(d) Write the three most stable resonance contributors to the most stable enolate derived from ethyl (2-oxocyclohexane)carboxylate.(e) Show how you could use ethyl (2-oxocyclohexane)carboxylate to prepare 2-methylcyclohexanone.(f) Give the structure of the product formed on treatment of ethyl (2-oxocyclohexane)-carboxylate with acrolein (H2C=CHCH=O) in ethanol in the presence of sodium ethoxidearrow_forwardDraw the product formed when CH3CH2C=CH is treated with each of the following sets of reagents: (a) H2O, H2SO4, HgSO4; and (b) R2BH, followed by H2O2, HO−.arrow_forward
- Draw the products formed when p-methylaniline (p-CH3C6H4NH2) istreated with following reagent. CH3COCl, AlCl3arrow_forwardA synthetic organic molecule, G, which contains both aldehyde and ether functional groups, is subjected to a series of reactions in a multi-step synthesis pathway. In the first step, G undergoes a Wittig reaction, leading to the formation of an alkene, H. Subsequently, H is treated with an ozone (O3) reagent followed by a reducing agent in an ozonolysis reaction, resulting in the formation of two different products, I and J. Considering the functional groups present in G and the nature of the reactions involved, what are the most probable structures or functional groups present in products I and J? A. I contains a carboxylic acid group, and J contains an aldehyde group. B. I contains a ketone group, and J contains an alcohol group. C. I and J both contain aldehyde groups. D. I contains an ester group, and J contains a ketone group. Don't use chat gpt.arrow_forwardDraw the product formed when phenylacetic acid (C6H5CH2COOH) istreated with following reagent. With some reagents, no reaction occurs. [1] NaOH; [2] CH3COClarrow_forward
- Explain why methyl trifluoroacetate, CF3CO2CH3, is more reactive than methyl acetate, CH3CO2CH3, in nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions.arrow_forwardGive a systematic (IUPAC) name for each diol.(a) CH3CH(OH)(CH2)4CH(OH)C(CH3)3 (b) HO¬(CH2)8¬OHarrow_forwardDraw the most stable product formed in each of the reactions shown. Reaction (a) 2 NaOEt, EtOH A Draw the product of reaction (a).arrow_forward
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