Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188138
Author: Peter H Raven, George B Johnson Professor, Kenneth A. Mason Dr. Ph.D., Jonathan Losos Dr., Susan Singer
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 24, Problem 2S
One of the common misconceptions about sequencing projects (especially the high-profile Human Genome Project) is that creating a complete road map of the DNA will lead directly to cures for genetically based diseases. Given the percentage similarity m DNA between humans and chimps, is this simplistic view justified? Explain.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
DNA sequences were analyzed from humans and three other mammals: species X, Y, and Z. Which of these mammals is most closely related to humans? (Note: Regions identical to human DNA are shown in bold type.)
The Neanderthal nuclear genome:
A. Shows that Neanderthals inherited their ability to flake stone directly from Homo habilis.
B. Is overwhelmingly similar to the modern human genome.
C. Demonstrates once and for all that Neanderthals had language.
D. Is composed exclusively of mitochondrial DNA.
E. Indicates that most Neanderthal females died young, which explains why Neanderthal populations were so small.
Some genes are more alike between human and chimp than other genes are from person to person. Does this mean that chimps are humans or that humans with different alleles are different species? What other explanation fits the facts?
Chapter 24 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 24 - Humans and pufferfish diverged from a common...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2UCh. 24 - Prob. 3UCh. 24 - Homologous genes in distantly related organisms...Ch. 24 - All of the following are believed to contribute to...Ch. 24 - What is the fate of most duplicated genes? a. Gene...Ch. 24 - Chimp and human DNA whole-genome sequences differ...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2ACh. 24 - Analyze the conclusion that the Medicago...Ch. 24 - Analyze why an herbicide that targets the...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Genomics and Human Evolution The Denisovan genome contains sequences that originated from an unknown human species. Using Figure 19.11, speculate on which species this might be. Is it possible that there are other ancestral species that may remain to be discovered that would change the phylogeny presented in the figure? FIGURE 19.11 Estimates for the dates of origin and extinction for the three main groups of hominins (green, blue, and orange). The australopithecines split into two groups about 2.7 million years ago. One of those groups, the genus Homo, contains the ancestors to our species, H. sapiens.arrow_forward. DNA sequences in many human genes are very similar to thesequences of corresponding genes in chimpanzees. The mostlikely explanation for this result is that(A) humans and chimpanzees share a relatively recent common ancestor.(B) humans evolved from chimpanzees.(C) chimpanzees evolved from humans.(D) convergent evolution led to the DNA similarities.arrow_forwardHumans carry a variety of non-functional genetic sequences, called processed pseudogenes, in their DNA. we can estimate how long ago these sequences first appeared in the genomes of our ancestors. In humans, processed pseudogenes include the three options below which would be the least widespread among other primate species a. alpha-enolase psi1 (11 million years old) b. AS PSI 7 (16 million years old) c. CALM II PSI3 (36 million years old)arrow_forward
- Once nuclear DNA sequencing became fast and able to handle sequencing ancient DNA, living humans were found to have some Neanderthal genes. Is this finding clear evidence that some early modern humans did indeed hybridize with Neanderthals? Why?arrow_forwardWhy are human and chimpanzee DNA 96 percent similar? Please choose the best option.a) Both groups show similarities in their fossil record.b) Humans and chimpanzees share several similar traits such as the use of tools.c) These two species descended from a recent common ancestor.d) Natural selection has favored those particular genes in both humans and chimpanzees.arrow_forwardOnly when extensive genetic data became available were scientists able to definitively resolve the relationship between humans, chimpanzees and gorillas. Explain why the relationship between these three species was a particularly difficult challenge to solve. Important point. Explain why the relationship between these three species was a particularly difficult challenge to solve??arrow_forward
- Example 3The Basque people, who have a distinct language, live on the coastal border of France and Spain. The 700,000 modern Basques had long been thought to descend from hunter-gatherers who lived in the area about 7,500 years ago, before the first farmers arrived. DNA told a different story. Researchers compared the genome sequences of bones from eight Basque farmers who had lived in a cave in northern Spain from 5,500 to 3,500 years ago to genomes from other skeletons representing severalEuropean hunter-gatherers and early farming groups, as well as to modern Europeans. While the ancient farmers had genomes representing many groups, including those of hunter-gatherers, the Basques indeed have a unique genome – but one that descends from the earliest farmers, not from hunter-gatherers. Apparently, their uniqueness today is due to their self-imposed isolation as the rest of Europe interbred. Source: Lewis, Ricki. Human Genetics Concepts and Applications (2018). Twelfth edition.…arrow_forwardAdvances in biotechnology have revolutionized the study of ancient remains. In Ötzi's case, a genetic study showed that his DNA most closely matched up with people that currently live in Sardinia. One hypothesis for this is that at Ötzi's time, a group of people with similar DNA spread throughout Europe including Sardinia. Sardinia is somewhat isolated so the DNA of the population living there has changed very little since that time. On mainland Europe, where his remains were found, there was more mixing of populations so there have been changes to the DNA profiles of the people living in that region. Questions: 1.) Based on the genetic results, do you think Ötzi should be considered Sardinian even though he lived in the Alps? Why or why not?arrow_forwardDenisovans are ancient humans. What would you least expect? A. They would have a larger brain than H. floresiensis. B. Fusion of chromosome 2a and 2b would not have occurred. C. Their mtDNA would show more similarity to Neanderthals than to H. sapiens. D. They probably did not have a spoken language. E. There would be evidence of them interbreeding with Homo sapiens and Neanderthals.arrow_forward
- Humans share almost 99% of our DNA with chimpanzees and bonobos. True or false?arrow_forwardSteven Frank and Laurence Hurst argued that a cytoplasmically inherited mutation in humans that has severe effects in males but no effect in females will not be eliminated from a population by natural selection because only females pass on mtDNA (S. A. Frank and L. D. Hurst. 1996. Nature 383:224). Using this argument, explain why males with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy are more severely affected than females.arrow_forwardIn 1979, bones found outside Ekaterinburg, Russia, were shown to be those of Tsar Nicholas and his family, who were executed in 1918 by a Bolshevik firing squad in the Russian Revolution . To prove that the skeletons were those of the royal family, mtDNA was extracted from the bone samples, amplified by PCR, and compared with mtDNA from living relatives of the tsar’s family. Q. Mitochondrial DNA from which living relatives would provide useful information for verifying that the skeletons were those of the royal family?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...
Biology
ISBN:9781305117396
Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Mechanisms of Genetic Change or Evolution; Author: Scientist Cindy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5FE8WvGzS4Q;License: Standard Youtube License