Chapter 24, Problem 50A

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The neutron-to-proton ratio for tin-134 to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Primary factor that determines an atom’s stability is its ratio of neutrons to protons. Atoms emit beta and alpha particles and these emissions affect neutron-to-proton ratio of newly generated nucleus.

Answer to Problem 50A

Neutron-to-proton ratio for tin-134 is 84 to 50.

Explanation of Solution

Atomic number of tin is 50 and protons that present in tin are 50. Thus number of neutrons present in tin-134 is, 134-50 = 84. Therefore neutron-to-proton ratio for tin-134 is 84 to 50.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The neutron-to-proton ratio for silver-107 to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Primary factor that determines an atom’s stability is its ratio of neutrons to protons. Atoms emit beta and alpha particles and these emissions affect neutron-to-proton ratio of newly generated nucleus.

Answer to Problem 50A

Neutron-to-proton ratio for silver-107 is 60 to 47.

Explanation of Solution

Atomic number of silver is 47 and protons that present in silver are 47. Thus number of neutrons present in silver-107 is, 107-47 = 60. Therefore neutron-to-proton ratio for silver-107 is 60 to 47.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The neutron-to-proton ratio for carbon-12 to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Primary factor that determines an atom’s stability is its ratio of neutrons to protons. Atoms emit beta and alpha particles and these emissions affect neutron-to-proton ratio of newly generated nucleus.

Answer to Problem 50A

Neutron-to-proton ratio for carbon-12 is 6 to 6.

Explanation of Solution

Atomic number of carbon is 6 and protons that present in carbon are 6. Thus number of neutrons present in carbon-12 is, 12-6 = 6. Therefore neutron-to-proton ratio for carbon-12 is 6 to 6.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The neutron-to-proton ratio for carbon-14 to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Primary factor that determines an atom’s stability is its ratio of neutrons to protons. Atoms emit beta and alpha particles and these emissions affect neutron-to-proton ratio of newly generated nucleus.

Answer to Problem 50A

Neutron-to-proton ratio for carbon-14 is 8 to 6.

Explanation of Solution

Atomic number of carbon is 6 and protons that present in carbon are 6. Thus number of neutrons present in carbon-14 is, 14-6 = 8. Therefore neutron-to-proton ratio for carbon-14 is 8 to 6.