Campbell Biology In Focus
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134203072
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 25, Problem 8TYU
FOCUS ON EVOLUTION
DRAW IT Medical researchers seek to develop drugs that can kill or restrict the growth of human pathogens yet have few harmful effects on patients. These drugs often work by disrupting the
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Students have asked these similar questions
This chapter shows a phylogenetic tree for the three domains of life, which is based on DNA sequence data for rRNA and other genes. Which of the following answers concerning the phylogenetic relationships found within this tree is incorrect?
View Available Hint(s)for Part A
Euryarcheotes are found in the Archaea
Diatoms, Tubulinids, and Euglenozoans belong to the domain Eukarya
Forams, Fungi, and Chlamydias belong to the domain Eukarya.
Spirochetes belong to the domain Bacteria
Ciliates, Red Algae, and Plants belong to the domain Eukarya.
Which of the following statements about eukaryotes is correct?
-
Eukaryotes are life forms that possess a nucleus in the cells.
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Some cellular features, such as endoplasmic reticulum, is uniquely eukaryotic and is not shared with either bacteria or archaea.
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It has been hypothesized that the first eukaryotic cell is a chimera between a bacterium and an archaeon.
-
During phylogenetic reconstruction, it is often found that eukaryotic genes that are responsible for information processing are more closely related to corresponding archaeal genes than to bacterial genes.
-
All of the above
An endosymbiont is any organism that lives within the body or cells of another
organism. Each would have performed mutually benefiting functions from their
symbirie relationship. Why are the mitochondria considered an endosybiont in an
eukaryotic cell ?
They have two membranes
have DNA sequences that indicate origin from the alpha- prroteobacteria
has a means for using oxygen and create ATP
can break down glucose for energy
O They contain hydrolytic enzymes
Chapter 25 Solutions
Campbell Biology In Focus
Ch. 25.1 - Describe major events in the evolution of early...Ch. 25.1 - Explain why eukaryotes are said to be combination...Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 25.2 - Summarize the evidence that choanoflagellates are...Ch. 25.2 - MAKE CONNECTlONS Describe how the origin of...Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 25.3 - Briefly describe the organisms found in each of...Ch. 25.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Review Figures 7.2 and 8.5...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 25.4 - Justify the claim that photosynthetic protists are...
Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 25.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 25 - The oldest fossil eukaryote that can be resolved...Ch. 25 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 25 - Plastids that are surrounded by more than two...Ch. 25 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 25 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 25 - Based on the phylogenetic tree in Figure 25.9,...Ch. 25 - MAKE CONNECTIONS The bacterium Wolbachia is a...Ch. 25 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION DRAW IT Medical researchers...Ch. 25 - FOCUS ON INTERACTIONS Organisms interact with each...Ch. 25 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE These micrographs show...
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- Which synapomorphy would most correctly complete this phylogenetic tree? Bacteria Archaea Eukarya Membrane-bound Branched organelles hydrocarbons DNA in histones O Cell membranes O Unicellular O Peptidoglycan cell walls O Nuclear membranesarrow_forwardWhich of the following statement(s) or feature(s) apply to Amoeba proteus? Sclect 3 comect answaits Eukaryote Possess a nucleus Unicellular organism Can do photosynthesis Multicellular organism Prokaryote Bacteriaarrow_forwardBacteria that cause the disease typhus arc close relatives of bacteria that evolved into __________. a. protists b. protocells c. chioroplasts d. mitochondriaarrow_forward
- A) A major difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells Group of answer choices exhibit little if any compartmentalization of function are generally smaller than prokaryotic cells have a large degree of internal organization lack organelles have little if any internal organization B) Which of the following statements about protists is false? Group of answer choices Some protists are mixotrophic Certain protists share a common ancestor with land plants Some protists are photosynthetic prokaryotes which are similar to the ancestral chloroplast Protists are a polyphyletic group of organisms that often bear little resemblance to each other Although most protists are unicellular, some protists are multicellular as wellarrow_forwardAfter the glacial retreat at the end of the last ice age, some three-spine stickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus) were isolated in small lakes. A mutation occurred in these fish that resulted in the loss of pelvic spines. Today, all freshwater sticklebacks lack pelvic spines, but are still classified as members of the same species as marine sticklebacks. Scientists collected sticklebacks from both marine and freshwater environments and placed them together in a controlled environment. Which of the following statements describes the effect of the mutation on their ability to interbreed? They should be able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring. They will not be able to interbreed and produce offspring because of hybrid breakdown. They will not be able to interbreed and produce offspring because of mechanical isolation. They should be able to interbreed and produce offspring, but the offspring may experience reduced hybrid fertility.arrow_forwardDNA sequence data for a diplomonad, a euglenid, a plant, and an unidentified protist suggest that the unidentified species is most closely related to the diplomonad. Further studies reveal that the unknown species has fully functional mitochondria. Based on these data, at what point on the phylogenetic tree in Figure 1 did the mystery protist’s lineage probably diverge from other eukaryote lineages? Explain.arrow_forward
- Which of the following are lines of evidence for endosymbiosis? Inner membranes are similar to plasma membranes of prokaryotes O DNA structure in chloroplasts and mitochondria are similar to that of prokaryotes Mitochondrial ribosomes are more similar to prokaryotic than eukaryotic ribosomes O The DNA found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell is very similar to that of prokaryotes.arrow_forwardWhich of the following pieces of evidence could support the endosymbiotic theory if found to be true? Traces of peptidoglycan in the cytoplasm in eukaryotes Presence of rRNA in eukaryotes Presence of 80S ribosomes in eukaryotes The discovery of a unicellular eukaryotearrow_forwardWhich of the following statement(s) or feature(s) apply to Amoeba proteus ? Select 3 correct answer(s) practie Can do photosynthesis Prokaryote Bacteria O Unicellular organism O Multicellular organism Eukaryote Possess a nucleusarrow_forward
- Why are protists not all grouped together into a single eukaryotic supergroup? Their modes of reproduction are extremely diverse. They do not all possess the same mitochondria structure. They did not all evolve from a shared common ancestor. Their DNA sequence is not identical. They fulfill many different ecological roles. They are found in a variety of habitats.arrow_forwardGiven the following approximation of our current best understanding of the tree of life, which domains are most closely related? Bacteroides Chlamydia Green sulfur bacteria Spirochetes Deinococcus Bacteria Chloroplast ancestor Cyanobacteria Gram-positive bacteria Bacteria and Archaea Thermotoga Archaea and Eukarya Mitochondrial ancestor a Bacteria and Eukarya Proteobacteria 8 Thermodiscus В Y E. coli E Crenarchaeota Korarchaeota Aquifex All three domains of life are equally closely related Archaea Euryarchaeota Methanospirillum Methanococcus Haloferax Thermococcus Giardia Eukarya Trichomonas Trypanosoma Physarum Encephalitozoon Animals Fungi Plants Paramecium Dictyostelium Entamoebaarrow_forwardArchaea are so named because option1-their cell structure is thought to be more primitive than the cell structure of bacteria option2-they arose from the joining of members from the Archaea and Bacteria Domains. option3-many survive in extreme conditions thought to be similar to ancient earth option4-they are thought to be the first group of prokaryotes to evolve on eartharrow_forward
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