Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The kind of linkage between the sugar and the phosphate groups has to be explained with the structure.
Concept Introduction:
Composition of
Sugar: In both DNA and RNA, sugar portion is found. In DNA, the sugar is D-ribose, where at 2’hydroxyl group is absent and in RNA, the hydroxyl group is present at 2’.
Nitrogenous bases: Five types of nitrogenous bases (has unique one-letter code A, G, T, U, and C) are derived from two parent compounds called purine and pyrimidine. The purine derivatives are Adenine and Guanine are two fused nitrogen-containing rings. The pyrimidine derivatives are Thymine, Cytosine, and Uracil are six-membered nitrogen-containing ring. Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, and Cytosine are the nitrogenous bases present in DNA. Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Uracil are the nitrogenous bases present in RNA.
Nucleotide: (Nucleoside + phosphate)
Nucleotides are the building blocks of nuclei acids; monomers of DNA and RNA
Numbering the atoms in sugar and base rings:
In order to distinguish the atoms in the sugar of a nucleoside and atoms of a base ring, numbers without prime is used for atoms in the base ring and numbers with prime used for the atoms in the sugar ring.
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Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (Principles of Chemistry - CHEM 1121)
- Draw the structure of a phosphodiester linkage.arrow_forwardWhat are the building blocks of a nucleotide? With regard to the 5′and 3′ positions on a sugar molecule, how are nucleotides linkedtogether to form a strand of DNA?arrow_forwardFor the top three nucleotides, number all the carbons in the sugars, circle the nitrogenous bases, and star the phosphates.arrow_forward
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