Organic Chemistry, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Chemistry with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134473147
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 26, Problem 26P
The first amino acid incorporated into a polypeptide chain durings its biosynthesis in prokaryotes is N-formylmethionine. Explain the puepose of the formyl group. (Hint: The ribosome has a binding site for the growing peptide chain and a binding site for the incoming amino acid.)
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The structure below is β-sheet. Two extended strands of the polypeptide are H-bonded in a side-by-sidepattern.The amino acids H-bonded can be very far apart from each other in the primary structure.Drawin theH-bondsintheβ-sheet.
Which amino acid and/or its side chain is incorrectly described?
Suppose that peptide N and O are segments in the globular protein's primary structure, where will each peptide (a. Peptide N and b. Peptide O) be most likely located - is it on the surface, completely exposed to the aqueous environment, or interior of the protein? Explain.
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Peptide N: L--L--F--A--I--A--M--F--L--N--I--A--I--A--I
Peptide O: S--T--E--K--D--R
Chapter 26 Solutions
Organic Chemistry, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Chemistry with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (8th Edition)
Ch. 26.1 - In acidic solutions, nucleosides are hydrolyzed to...Ch. 26.1 - Draw the structure for each of the following: a....Ch. 26.3 - Indicate whether each functional group of the five...Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 4PCh. 26.3 - If one of the strands of DNA has the following...Ch. 26.4 - The 2',3-cyclic phosphodiester that is formed...Ch. 26.5 - Using a dark line for the original parental DNA...Ch. 26.7 - Why do both thymine and uracil specify the...Ch. 26.9 - If methionine is always the first amino acid...Ch. 26.9 - Four Cs occur in a row in the segment of mRNA...
Ch. 26.9 - UAA is a stop codon. Why does the UAA sequence in...Ch. 26.9 - Prob. 12PCh. 26.9 - Write the sequences of bases in the sense strand...Ch. 26.9 - List the possible codons on mRNA that speciy each...Ch. 26.10 - Adenine can be deaminated to hypoxanthine, and...Ch. 26.10 - Explain why thymine cannot be deaminated.Ch. 26.12 - Which of the following base sequences is most...Ch. 26 - What nonapeptide is coded for by the following...Ch. 26 - What is the sequence of bases in the template...Ch. 26 - Prob. 20PCh. 26 - A segment of DNA has 18 base pairs. It has 7...Ch. 26 - Name the following:Ch. 26 - Prob. 23PCh. 26 - Propose a mechanism for the following reaction:Ch. 26 - The first amino acid incorporated into a...Ch. 26 - Match the codon with the anticodon:Ch. 26 - a. Using the single-letter abbreviations for the...Ch. 26 - Which of the following pairs of dinucleotides are...Ch. 26 - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the...Ch. 26 - If a mRNA contained only U and G in random...Ch. 26 - Why is the codon a triplet rather than a doublet...Ch. 26 - RNAase, the enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis...Ch. 26 - The amino acid sequences of peptide fragments...Ch. 26 - Which cytosine in the following sense strand of...Ch. 26 - Prob. 36PCh. 26 - Sodium nitrite, a common food preservative (page...Ch. 26 - Why does DNA not unravel completely before...Ch. 26 - Staphylococcus nuclease is an enzyme that...
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- The -chain of hemoglobin is a protein that contains 146 amino acids residues. What minimum number of nucleotides must be present in a strand of mRNA that is coded for this protein?arrow_forwardOn complete hydrolysis, a polypeptide gives two alanine, one leucine, one methionine, one phenylalanine, and one valine residue. Partial hydrolysis gives the following fragments: Ala-Phe, Leu-Met, Val-Ala, Phe-Leu. It is known that the first amino acid in the sequence is valine and the last one is methionine. What is the complete sequence of amino acids?arrow_forwardComplete degradation of a protein into individual amino acids involves choose all that are correct: a. Removal of a water molecule from between two amino acids b. Addition of a water molecule between two amino acids c. A hydrolysis reaction d. The breaking of peptide linkagearrow_forward
- Drawing Peptide Structures Draw the tripeptide that would result from cysteine attaching to the previous dipeptide on the acidic side.arrow_forward22-48 How many amino acid residues in the A chain of insulin are the same in insulin from humans, cattle (bovine), hogs, and sheep?arrow_forward(please show the proces):The number of peptide bonds in the following structure is:arrow_forward
- The protein ribonuclease A in its native, or most stable,form is folded into a compact globular shape: (a) Does the native form have a lower or higher freeenergy than the denatured form, in which the protein isan extended chain? (b) What is the sign of the system’sentropy change in going from the denatured to thefolded form? (c) In the native form, the molecule has four ¬S¬S¬ bonds that bridge parts of the chain.What effect do you predict these four linkages to have onthe free energy and entropy of the native form relativeto the free energy and entropy of a hypothetical foldedstructure that does not have any ¬S¬S¬ linkages?Explain. (d) A gentle reducing agent converts the four¬S¬S¬ linkages in ribonuclease A to eight ¬S¬Hbonds. What effect do you predict this conversion to haveon the tertiary structure and entropy of the protein? (e)Which amino acid must be present for ¬SH bonds toexist in ribonuclease A?arrow_forwardShow the structure of the condensation reaction between the following amino acids. Placeglycine as the N-terminus and serine as the C-terminus. Circle each peptide bond in the finalproduct.arrow_forwardDraw the peptide Glycine-Alanine-Serine-Cysteine-Isoleucine-Glutamic acid Tryptophan-Valine. Circle the peptide bonds. Connect the atoms at will participate in hydrogen bonds if this sequence adopted an alpha-helical structurearrow_forward
- In naming an amino acid, how may one indicate whether it is in the D or L configuration? Support answer with illustration. How are amino acids linked together in a protein molecule? Write the general structure of the tripeptide lys-phe-meth. Show their peptide bonds What is protein denaturation? Give 5 agents that can denature proteins. Is it possible for a denatured protein to revert back into its native/ original form? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardDraw out the peptide IYV and clearly label/identify all the Phi, Psi, and peptide bonds present in the peptide. Be sure to draw out the entire peptide and label the N- and C-termini. Which type of secondary structure would this peptide most likely take on (assuming it would take on a secondary structure)?.arrow_forwardDraw the structure for the peptide VSK.arrow_forward
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