Campbell Biology Custom Stony Brook 10 Th Edition
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781269870818
Author: Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 26.3, Problem 3CC
WHAT IF? Ø Draw a phylogenetic tree that includes thc relationships from Figurc 25.7 and Figurc 26.16. Traditionally, all the taxa shown besides birds and mammals were classified as reptiles Would a cladistic approach support that Classification? Explain.
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Sketch the phylogenetic tree
Now, assume that tuna and dolphins are sister species. Redraw the phylogenetic tree accordingly. Use hatch marks to indicate the origins of characters 1-6?
5. 5. Draw a phylogeny the following taxa: shark; tuna; frog; lizard; mouse; whale. On your phylogeny label the first occurrence/evolution of the following traits: cartilaginous skeleton; bony skeleton; hair; four limbs; shelled eggs. Describe a synapomorphy using any of the traits you labeled on the tree.
Chapter 26 Solutions
Campbell Biology Custom Stony Brook 10 Th Edition
Ch. 26.1 - VISUAL SKILLS: Which levels of the classification...Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 26.2 - Decide whether each of the following pairs of...Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 26.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.3 - WHAT IF? Draw a phylogenetic tree that includes...Ch. 26.4 - Explain how comparing proteins of two species can...Ch. 26.4 - WHAT IF? Suppose gene A is orthologous in species...
Ch. 26.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 26.5 - What is a molecular clock? What assumption...Ch. 26.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.5 - WHAT IF? Suppose a molecular dock dates the...Ch. 26.6 - Why is the kingdom Monera no longer considered a...Ch. 26.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 26 - Humans and chimpanzees are sister species. Explain...Ch. 26 - Why is it necessary to distinguish homology from...Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.3CRCh. 26 - When reconstructing phylogenies, is it more useful...Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.5CRCh. 26 - Prob. 26.6CRCh. 26 - In a comparison of birds and mammals, the...Ch. 26 - To appiy parsimony to constructing a phylogenetic...Ch. 26 - VISUAL SKILLS In Figure 26.4, which similarly...Ch. 26 - Three living species X, Y, and Z share a common...Ch. 26 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 26 - If you were using cladistics to build a...Ch. 26 - VISUAL SKILLS The relative lengths of the frog and...Ch. 26 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Darwin suggested looking at a...Ch. 26 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY DRAW IT (a) Draw a...Ch. 26 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INFORMATION In a Short essay...Ch. 26 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This West Indian manatee...
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- Draw a phylogenetic reconstruction for the hypothetical frog species. Once you have a cladogram you feel confident about, use lines and labels on cladogram to indicate where character states hanged. How many evolutionary changes occurred in your phylogeny? Is there evidence of an evolutionary convergence having occurred in your phylogeny? How about evolutionary reversals?arrow_forwardThe phylogenetic tree for 12 cat species (Felidae) reproduced at right was assembled from molecular sequence data. Which species is the domestic cats closest relative? Which clade is the sister taxon to tigers? Are bobcats more closely related to cougars or to ocelots? Source: From Warren E. Johnson et al. 2006. The late Miocene radiation of modern Felidae: A genetic assessment. Science 311:7377.arrow_forwardThe phylogenetic tree for vertebrates depicted below was constructed from sequence data for two rRNA mitochondrial genes (12S and 16S). How do the results of this analysis compare with the phylogenetic trees in Figures 32.10 and 32.24? Identify the major clades of vertebrates on the tree depicted below. Source: R. Zardoya and A. Meyer. 1998. Complete mitochondrial genome suggests diapsid affinities of turtles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 95:1422614231. Copyright 1998 National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A.arrow_forward
- 4 05 4 3. 2. D.arrow_forwardMaterials When constructing this phylogenetic tree, several different options were possible. The tree with the least number of evolutionary changes is the one that was chosen as most probable. What is this called?* pdates rades embers nferences Q Online vsela gizzard don see UV Ilght subdermal fat stores y Periods 1 and 2 meriods ol MP1, Highschool school MP3, l MP4 amniotic egg 4 limbs + lungs Least parsimony ys "ed Thu Fri Modern synthesis Temporal equilibrium Maximum parsimony O O O O lungfisharrow_forwardPlace the homologous characteristic that arose in each branch of the phylogenetic tree. Not every characteristic will be placed. Which characteristic is analogous between birds and bats?arrow_forward
- Study the diagrams below. The diagrams represent four possible phylogenetic trees showing the relationship between the four species: M, L, S, and R. B A M LS R M LR +d \t R SML RM S tota -444 What is the plausible explanation for the appearance of autapomorphic character c in species L and S of tree A although they do not share a most recent common ancestor?arrow_forwardHelparrow_forwardReferring to the phylogenetic tree shown above, answer the following questions: 1. How many OTUs are included in the phylogenetic analysis? 2. How many clades are there? 3. What is an autapomorphic trait of the domestic cat? Explain why? 4. What is the shared derived trait (synapomorphy) in the Family Felidae? Explain why?arrow_forward
- Give typed explanation of both otherwise leave itarrow_forwardThe phylogenetic tree to the right showsthe evolutionary relationships of taxa A –H. The shapes represent character statetrait changes. A. Which traits (shapes) would individualsin taxa D have? Draw the collection oftraits. B. Is the triangle a synapomorphy orpleisomorphy (circle one)? C. Is the circle a synapomorphy orsympleisomorphy (circle one)?arrow_forwardExamine the image of the relatedness of vertebrates represented in this phylogenetic tree. Which statements are correctly inferred from this tree? Select all that apply. A) The mammals are the outgroup in this tree. B) Birds and dinosaurs share a recent common ancestor. C) Mammals and birds are more closely related than any other species. D) Turtles are equally as diverged from lizards and snakes as they are from crocodiles. E) Lizards and snakes are more recently diverged from each other than they are from crocodiles.arrow_forward
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