Biological Science (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134678320
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Greg Podgorski, Emily Taylor, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 27, Problem 6TYU
Summary Introduction
To review:
The endosymbiosis theory for the origin of the mitochondrion and determine the benefit received by endosymbiotic partner from the symbiotic relationship.
Introduction:
According to the endosymbiosis theory, the origin of mitochondria occurs when aerobic bacteria were engulfed by an anaerobic bacterium, and they both shared a symbiotic relationship about 2 million years ago. The engulfed or the ingested bacteria resulted in mitochondria formation.
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What role did the increase of atmospheric oxygen by prokaryotes play in the development of the endosymbiotic relationship between protoeukaryotes and mitochondria?
1. Why was the great oxygenation event important for mitochondrial development?
a) In your own words, define symbiotic.
2. Chloroplasts and mitochondria both contain a circular DNA chromosome, and ribosomes. Why does this evidence support the theory of endosymbiosis as the mechanism for the origin of eukaryotic cells?
a) Today, could mitochondria live independently of their eukaryotic cell host? Give two pieces of evidence to support your answer.
What role did symbiosis play in the origin of mitochondria?
Chapter 27 Solutions
Biological Science (7th Edition)
Ch. 27 - Why are protists considered paraphyletic? a. They...Ch. 27 - 2. The most important primary producers in marine...Ch. 27 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 27 - 8. The text claims that the evolutionary history...Ch. 27 - Prob. 9TYPSSCh. 27 - Prob. 10TYPSSCh. 27 - Does a slime mold “know” where it’s going?
When...Ch. 27 - Prob. 12PIAT
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- Name three facts that show that mitochondria have bacterial origins.arrow_forwardUnder the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of the eukaryotic cell. The ancestor of mitochondria and chloroplasts original became part of mutualism with a larger host cell. Which of the following best explains this mutualism? A) The mitochondria and chloroplasts provided specialized reproduction as part of the proto-germ line while the larger host cell provided energy for growth and reproduction. B) The mitochondria and chloroplasts provided gene products that could be used by the larger host cell for improved parasitization. C) The mitochondria and chloroplasts provided molecular energy in return for protection by the larger host cell. D) The mitochondria and chloroplasts produce toxins that the larger cell utilized to defend itself from other cells mutually increasing the defense of all those involved.arrow_forwardWhat is the endosymbiotic hypothesis about the origin of mitochondria? What are the molecular facts that support the hypothesis? To which other cellular organelles can the hypothesis also be applied?arrow_forward
- Diagram the endosymbiotic theory of the origin of mitochondria and chloroplastsarrow_forwardAccording to the endosymbiotic theory, why did the primitive eukaryotic cell fail to digest the non-photosynthetic prokaryote that later became an energy-producing organelle? Because the engulfed cell provided the host cell with carbon dioxide. Because the host cell was able to survive anaerobic conditions with the engulfed cell alive. Because the engulfed cell allowed the host cell to metabolize glucose. Because the engulfed cell provided the host cell with adenosine triphosphate (ATP).arrow_forwardDefine the endosymbiotic theory. Explain how mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved by endosymbiosis. Explain 4 pieces of evidence for the Endosymbiotic Theory.arrow_forward
- a) Describe some characteristics and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.b) How do the three domains of life differ from one another?c) Two of the organelles in eukaryotes, the mitochondrion and the chloroplast are believed to haveoriginated through a process of symbiosis. Discuss some of the theories of the origins ofmitochondria and chloroplastsarrow_forwardAccording to the endosymbiotic theory, protoeukaryotes did not have ribosomes until the endosymbiosis with mitochondria was established.arrow_forwardThe theory of the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts was first proposed by the biologist Lynn Which of the following statements provides support for the theory of endosymbiosis? 1. All the genes found in chloroplasts are homologous to genes found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cell. 2. Mitochondria contain their own ribosomes. 3. Proteins need a targeting sequence to be imported into a chloroplast. 4. Mitochondria can generate a proton gradient and harness it to synthesize ATP. O A. 1, 2 and 3 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 4 D. 4 only E. All of 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct.arrow_forward
- Compare and contrast mitochondria and chloroplasts in relation to the Endosymbiotic Theory.arrow_forwardName and describe the idea that explains how mitochondria and chloroplasts are thought to have originated in eukaryotic cells.arrow_forwardSymbiosis has had a role in eukaryotic development?arrow_forward
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Endosymbiotic Theory; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGnS-Xk0ZqU;License: Standard Youtube License