Economics (Irwin Economics)
21st Edition
ISBN: 9781259723223
Author: Campbell R. McConnell, Stanley L. Brue, Sean Masaki Flynn Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 28, Problem 1P
To determine
Growth rate of real gross domestic product (real GDP) and growth rate of real GDP per capita.
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Suppose that 10 workers were required in 2010 to produce 40,000 bushels of wheat on a 1,000-acre farm. a. What is the average output per acre? Per worker? b. If in 2020 only 8 workers produce 44,000 bushels of wheat on that same 1,000-acre farm, what will be the average output per acre? Per worker? c. By what percentage does productivity (output per worker) increase over those 10 years? Over those 10 years, what is the average annual percentage increase in productivity?
4. How is GDP per capita calculated differently from labor productivity? 5. How do gains in labor productivity lead to gains in GDP per capita? 6. What is an aggregate production function? 7. What is capital deepening? 8. What do economists mean when they refer to improvements in technology? 9. For a high-income economy like the United States, what aggregate production function elements are most important in bringing about growth in GDP per capita? What about a middle-income country such as Brazil? A low- income country such as Niger? 10. List some arguments for and against the likelihood of convergence. 11. Say that the average worker in Canada has a productivity level of $30 per hour while the average worker in the United Kingdom has a productivity level of $25 per hour (both measured in U.S. dollars). Over the next five years. say that worker productivity in Canada grows at 1% per year while worker productivity in the UK grows 3% per year. After five years, who will have the higher…
16)A mathematical approximation called the rule of 70 tells us that the number of years that it will take something that is growing to double in size is approximately equal to the number 70 divided by its percentage rate of growth. Thus, if Mexico’s real GDP per person is growing at 7 percent per year, it will take about 10 years (= 70/7) to double. Apply the rule of 70 to solve the following problem. Real GDP per person in Mexico in 2005 was about $11,000 per person, while it was about $44,000 per person in the United States.
If real GDP per person in Mexico grows at the rate of 4 percent per year, about how long will it take Mexico’s real GDP per person to reach the level that the United States was at in 2005? (Hint: How many times would Mexico’s 2005 real GDP per person have to double to reach the United States’ 2005 real GDP per person?)
Instructions: Enter your answer as a whole number.
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Economics (Irwin Economics)
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- 17) Suppose that work hours in New Zombie are 200 in year 1 and productivity is $14 per hour worked. Instructions: In part a, enter your answer as a whole number. In part b, round your answer to 2 decimal places. a. What is New Zombie’s real GDP? b. If work hours increase to 210 in year 2 and productivity rises to $16 per hour, what is New Zombie’s rate of economic growth?arrow_forwardWhat are spillover effects and how do they affect growth? (LO27-4)arrow_forward(Words apart) Per capita income most recently was about 160 times greater in the US that in Democratic Republic of the Congo. Suppose per capita income grows an average of 3 percent per year in the richer country and 6 percent per year in the poorer country. Assuming such growth rates continue indefinitely into the future, how many years would it take before per capita income in the Congo exceeds that of the US? (to simplify the math, suppose at the outset per capita income is $160000 in the richer country and $1000 in the poorer country.)arrow_forward
- Why is per capita gross domestic product (per capita GDP) better than gross domestic product (GDP) as a measure of a country's wealth? O Location and land mass have a large effect on GDP and must be considered in assessing a country's economy. O Because per capita GDP takes population into account, it is more useful for comparing the standard of living in different countries. O Per capita GDP provides information on income, while GDP only provides information on investment. O Per capita GDP includes the value of land, minerals, and crops not counted by normal GDP. The advantages of the sole proprietorship include O ease of start-up © full control ob business decisions © exclusive rights to profits © all of the abovearrow_forwardWhy dues productivity growth in high-income economies not slow down as it runs into diminishing returns from additional investments in physical capital and human capital? Does this show one area where the theory of diminishing returns fails to apply? Why or why not?arrow_forwardComputing growth rates (II): Suppose k, l, and m grow at constant rates givenby g k, gl , and gm. What is the growth rate of y in each of the following cases?(a) y = k 1/3(b) y = k 1/3l 2/3(c) y = mk 1/3l 2/3(d) y = mk 1/4l 3/4(e) y = mk 3/4l 1/4(f ) y = 1klm2 1/2(g) y = 1kl2 1/4 11/m2 3/4arrow_forward
- Assume real per capita GDP in West Swimsuit is $8,000 while in South Darlinia it is $2,000. The annual growth rate in West Swimsuit is 2.33%, while in South Darlinia it is 7%. How many years will it take for South Darlinia to catch up to the real per capita GDP of West Swimsuit? What will the income of the two countries be when it is equal? type answer only. Do it correctly. Multiple votes will given accordingly.arrow_forwardSuppose an economy’s production function is Y = AKαL1−α. If the annual rate of economic growth is 3.5 per cent and labour and capital are both growing by 2 per cent annually, what contribution to growth is made by total factor productivity? You can assume that labour receives 75 per cent of the total income generated in this economy.arrow_forwardAlthough economic growth is typically measured by calculating the rate of changein real GDP, there are a few problems associated with the use of GDP as ameasure of economic growth.Identify these problems.(4)Q.3.2 Economic growth can originate from the demand side or from the supply side ofthe economy. Discuss the sources of economic growth on the demand side.arrow_forward
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