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Biology: The Unity and Diversity o...
Biology: The Unity and Diversity o...
All but one species of large birds native to New Zealand’s tropical forests are now extinct. Numbers of the one surviving species, the kereru (Hemiphaga, novae seelandine), are declining rapidly due to habitat loss, poaching, predation, and interspecies competition that wiped out the other native birds. The keruru is the only remaining dispersal agent for several native tress that produce big seeds and fruits, mainly because it is the only remaining species that can swallow big fruits (left) and expel big seeds whole. One of these trees, the puriri (Vitex lucens), is New Zealand’s most valued hardwood. Explain, in terms of natural selection, what would happen to puriri trees in New Zealand if the kereru becomes extinct.
To explain: What would happen to puriri trees in New Zealand if the keruru birds becomes extinct in terms of natural selection.
Concept introduction: The keruru birds are the native pigeon that is commonly seen in New Zealand. These birds are the only dispersal agent for many trees. These birds will be wiped out due to predation, poaching, interspecies competition, and habitat loss. Puriri (Vitex lucens) is a tree found in New Zealand which is commonly used for its hardwood. Natural selection is a process where an organism survives an adverse condition by adapting to it. Natural selection does not produce new alleles in organisms, but it is a process taken place after the organisms undergo mutation to adapt to that environment.
The keruru birds became wiped out due to predation, poaching, interspecies competition, and habitat loss. When this bird becomes extinct, the population of the puriri trees will slowly start to decline. This is because keruru bird was the only dispersal agent for many trees. If they become extinct, then they cannot help them in fruit and seed dispersal of puriri trees. Hence, the fruits that are fallen from these trees undergo decomposition and the seeds undergo germination process that is closer to the existing trees...
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