Campbell Biology in Focus, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText - ValuePack Access Card - for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134433769
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3, Problem 12TYU
Summary Introduction
To justify:
Whether comparing the amino acid sequences of 2 living species would show the same degree of divergence.
Concept introduction:
Every function (dynamic) of a living organism depends on proteins. Approximately more than 50% of the dry mass of most of the cells is proteins. Proteins are biologically functional molecules that are comprised of 1 or more than 1 polypeptide, which are formed of the amino acid sequences.
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Evolution Connection Comparisons of amino acidsequences can shed light on the evolutionary divergence ofrelated species. If you were comparing two living species, wouldyou expect all proteins to show the same degree of divergence?Why or why not? Justify your answer.
think about this: if you know the amino acid sequence of a protein can you predict with 100% certainty the DNA sequence of the gene that codes for it? Would knowing the amino acid sequence help you identify the gene?
3. Which best describes the contribution of tertiary (3’) structure of to the native conformation of polypeptides and proteins:
a) Structure that results from intrachain interactions of amino acid side chains
b) Structure that results from interchain interactions of amino acid side chains
c) Structure that results from base pairing
d) Structure that results from the linear sequence of amino acids from beginning to end of molecule
Chapter 3 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText - ValuePack Access Card - for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 3.1 - How are gasoline and fat chemically similar?Ch. 3.1 - Which molecules in Figure 3.4a re isomers? For...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 3.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 3.2 - How many molecules of water are needed to...Ch. 3.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose you eat a serving of fish. What...Ch. 3.3 - Write the formula for a monosaccharide that has...Ch. 3.3 - A dehydration reaction joins two glucose molecules...Ch. 3.3 - WHAT IF? After a cow is given antibiotics to treat...Ch. 3.4 - Compare the structure of a fat (triglyceride) with...
Ch. 3.4 - Why are human sex hormones considered lipids?Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 3.5 - Why does a denatured protein no longer function...Ch. 3.5 - What parts of a polypeptide participate in the...Ch. 3.5 - WHAT IF? Where would you expect a polypeptide...Ch. 3.6 - DRAW IT Go to Figure 3.27a and, for the top three...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 3.7 - How would sequencing the entire genome of an...Ch. 3.7 - Given the function of DNA, why would you expect...Ch. 3 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 3 - Which functional group is not present in this...Ch. 3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Which chemical group is most...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 3 - Which of the following statements concerning...Ch. 3 - The structural level of a protein least a fleeted...Ch. 3 - Enzymes that break down DNA catalyze the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 3 - The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O6. What...Ch. 3 - Construct a table that organizes the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 3 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 3 - FOCUS ON ORGANIZATION Proteins, which have diverse...Ch. 3 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 3 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Given that the function...
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- EVOLUTION LINK Each amino acid could potentially exist as one of two possible enantiomers, known as the D-form and the L-form (based on the arrangement of the groups attached to the asymmetric carbon). However, in all organisms, only L-amino acids are found in proteins. What does this suggest about the evolution of proteins?arrow_forwardGlycine is a highly conserved amino acid residue in the evolution of proteins. Why?arrow_forwardCould you please write a brief explanation about "Protein Evolution - Primary Structures of Proteins Reveal Evolutionary Relationships" please?arrow_forward
- All 20 amino acids found in human proteins have a common structure that includes: A. An amino group (-NH2) B. A carboxyl group (-COOH) C. An R group D. A and B E. A, B, and Carrow_forwardA comparison of the aligned amino acid sequences of two proteins each consisting of 150 amino acids reveals them to be only 8% identical. However, their three-dimensional structures are very similar. Are these two proteins related evolutionarily? Explain.arrow_forwardProteins, the building blocks of life, have several functions in the human body and all the operations depend upon the structural specificity which can be explained by the lock and key hypothesis. Expand the ideaarrow_forward
- 4. Which best describes the contribution of quaternary (4’) structure of polypeptides to the native conformation of proteins: a) Structure that results from intrachain interactions of amino B) Structure that results from interchain interactions of amino acid side chains c) Structure that results from base pairing d) Structure that results from the linear sequence acid side chains of amino acids from beginning to end of moleculearrow_forward1. Which best describes the contribution of primary (1’) structure of polypeptides to the native conformation of proteins: a) Structure that results from intrachain interactions of amino acid side chains b) Structure that results from interchain interactions of amino acid side chains c) Structure that results from base pairing d) Structure that results from the linear sequence of amino acids from beginning to end of molecule.arrow_forwardPolypeptides, DNA and RNA are important in the process of Prokaryote cells and in the evolution of living organisms . The properties that they share are a) They are long, complex polymers, b) They have groups with shapes and charges that hang off the chain c) They each have the ability to interact with (bind to) other molecules because of their attached groups (with shapes with charge profiles), D) All are correct. E) None are true.arrow_forward
- Each amino acid could potentially exist as one of two possible enantiomers, known as the D-form and the L-form (based on the arrangement of thegroups attached to the asymmetric α carbon). However, in all organisms, only L-amino acids are found in proteins. What does this suggest about the evolution of proteins?arrow_forwardCarbon’s versatile bonding behavior allows it to form a variety of structures and are the base of all macromolecules. The diagram shows the structure of an amino acid, which is the monomer unit for proteins. Identify and describe the polymer structures of a protein that constitutes its unique conformation.arrow_forwardCompare and contrast the structure of DNA and RNA. Be sure to describe each of the three components of a nucleotide for both DNA and RNA along with the types of bonds formed between the components. In addition, explain: how the nucleotides link together to form each molecule, why the prime ends are labeled 5’ and 3’, what antiparallel is, what phospodiester linkages are and what complementary base pairing is.arrow_forward
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