Concept Introduction:
Accounting is an art of recording, classifying, analyzing and summarizing the financial statement to produce meaningful information and reports.
Accounting is done with two methods as follows:
Cash Basis accounting: Under the cash basis accounting all the cash receipts for the period are considered as revenue and all the cash payments for the period are considered as expenses and net income us calculated.
Accrual Basis accounting: Under the accrual basis, the revenue and expenses are recorded accreting to their accrual for the given period and cash receipts and payments are not considered to decide their accrual. The net income is calculated using the accrued revenue and accrued expenses belonging to the particular period.
To Calculate:
The Expenses recognized using the cash and accrual basis by the Morgenstern Advertising Company during the month of July.
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Cornerstones of Financial Accounting
- Exercise 3-38 Accrual- and Cash-Basis Expense Recognition The following information is taken from the accrual accounting records of Kroger Sales Company: During January, Kroger paid $9,150 for supplies to in sales to customers during the next 2 months (February and March). The supplies will be used evenly over the next 2 months. Kroger pays its employees at the end of each month for salaries earned during that month. Salaries paid at the end of February and March amounted to $4,925 and $5,100, respectively. Kroger placed an advertisement in the local newspaper during March at a cost of $850. The ad promoted the pre-spring sale during the last week in March. Kroger did not pay for the newspaper ad until mid-April. Required: Under cash-basis accounting, how much exvxn.se should Kroger report for February and March? Under accrual-basis accounting, how much expense should Kroger report for February and March? CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Which basis of accounting provides the most useful information for decision-makers? Why?arrow_forwardExercise 3-42 Revenue and Expense Recognition Omega Transportation Inc., headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, uses accrual-basis accounting and engaged in the following transactions: • billed customers $3,580,000 for transportation services • collected cash from customers in the amount of $2,479,000 • purchased fuel supplies for $1,655.000 cash • used fuel supplies that cost $1,598,240 • employees earned salaries of $425,160 • paid employees $413,380 cash for salaries Required: Determine the amount of sales revenue and total expenses for Omegas income statement.arrow_forwardExercise 3-40 Revenue and Expense Recognition Electronic Repair Company repaired a high-definition television for Sarah Merrifield in December 2019. Sarah paid $80 at the time of the repair and agreed to pay Electronic Repair $80 each month for 5 months beginning on January 15, 2020. Electronic Repair used $120 of supplies, which were purchased in November 2020, to repair the television. Assume that Electronic Repair uses accrual-basis accounting. Required: In what month or months should revenue from this service be recorded by Electronic Repaid? In what month or months should the expense related to the repair of the television be recorded by Electronic Repair? CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Describe the accounting principles used to answer the above questions.arrow_forward
- Brief Exercise 2-28 Assumptions and Principles Five common accounting practices are listed below: A customer pays $20 to mail a package on December 30. The delivery company recognizes revenue when the package is delivered in January. Jim Trotter owns C**S Heating Company. In preparing the financial statements, Trotter makes sure that the purchase of a new truck for personal use is not included in C&S’s financial statements. Moseley Inc. recorded land at its purchase price of $50,000. In future periods, the land is reflected in the financial statements at $50,000. Mack Company purchases inventory in March. However, it does not expense that inventory until it is sold in April. Mueller Inc. prepares quarterly and annual financial statements. Required: Identify the amounting principle or assumption that best describes each practicearrow_forwardCornerstone Exercise 3-12 Accrual- and Cash-Basis Revenue McDonald Music sells used CDs for S4.00 each. During the month of April, McDonald sold 7,650 CDs for cash and 13,220 CDs on credit. McDonalds cash collections in April included $30,600 for the CDs sold for cash, $12,800 for CDs sold on credit during the previous month, and $29,850 for CDs sold on credit during April. Required: Calculate the amount of revenue recognized in April under (1) cash-basis accounting and (2) accrual-basis accounting.arrow_forwardExercise 3-44 Revenue Expense and Recognition Carrico Advertising Inc. performs advertising services for several Fortune 500 companies. The following information describes Carricos activities during 2019. At the beginning of 2019, customers owed Carrico $45,800 for advertising services formed during 2018. During 2019, Carrico performed an additional $695,100 of advertising services on account. Carrico collected $708,700 cash from customers during 2019. At the beginning of 2019, Carrico had $13,350 of supplies on hand for which it owed suppliers SS, 150. During 2019, Carrico purchased an additional $14,600 of supplies on account. Carrico also paid $19,300 cash owed to suppliers for goods previously purchased on credit. Carrico had of supplies on hand at the end of 2019. Carricos 2019 operating and interest were $437 and $133,400, respectively. Required: Calculate Carricos 2019 income before taxes. Calculate the ending balance of receivable, the supplies used, and the ending balance of accounts payable. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Explain the underlying principles behind why the three accounts computed in Requirement 2 exist.arrow_forward
- Exercise 2-44 Transaction Analysis OBJECTIVE 9 During December, Cynthiana Refrigeration Service engaged in the following transactions: On December 3, Cynthiana sold a 1-year service contract to Cub Foods for $12,000 cash. On December 10, Cynthiana repaired equipment of the A liabilities, and stockholders equity using the formal below.arrow_forwardExercise 3-47 Revenue Adjustments Sentry Transport Inc. of Atlanta provides in-town parcel delivery services in addition to a full range of passenger services. Sentry engaged in the following activities during the current year: Sentry received $5,000 cash in advance from Richs Department Store for an estimated 250 deliveries during December 2019 and January and February of 2020. The entire amount was recorded as unearned revenue when received. During December 2019, 110 deliveries were made for Richs. Sentry operates several small buses that take commuters from suburban communities to the central downtown area of Atlanta. The commuters purchase, in advance, tickets for 50 one-way rides. Each So-ride ticket costs S500. At the time of purchase, Sentry credits the cash received to unearned revenue. At year end, Sentry determines that 10,160 one-way rides have been taken. Sentry operates buses that provide transportation for the clients of a social agency in Atlanta. Sentry bills the agency quarterly at the end of January, April, July, and October for the that quarter. The contract price is S7,500 per quarter. Sentry follows the practice of recognizing revenue from this contract in the in which the service is On December 23, Delta Airlines chartered a bus to transport its marketing group to a meeting at a resort in southern Georgia. The meeting will be held during the last week in January 2020, and Delta agrees to pay for the entire trip on the day the bus departs. At year end, none Of these arrangements have been recorded by Sentry. Required: Prepare adjusting entries at December 31 for these four activities. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION What would be the effect on revenue if the adjusting entries were not made?arrow_forwardBrief Exercise 2-32 Journalize Transactions Galle Inc. entered into the following transactions during January. January, 1: Borrowed $50,000 from First Street Bank by signing a note payable. January, 4: Purchased $25,000 of equipment for cash. January, 6: Paid $500 to landlord for rent for January. January, 15: Performed services for customers on account. $10,000. January, 25: Collected $3,000 from customers for services performed in Transaction d. January, 30: Paid salaries of $2,500 for the current month. Required: Prepare journal entries for the transactions.arrow_forward
- Exercise 2-50 Journalizing Transactions Remington Communications has been providing cellular phone service for several years. During November and December. the following transactions occurred: Nov. 2 Remington received S2,400 for November phone service from Enrico Company. 10 6 Remington purchased S4,750 of supplies from Technology Associates on 10 Remington paid S5,250 to its hourly employees for their weekly wages. 15 Remington paid S4, 750 to Technology Associates in full settlement Of its payable. 28 Remington paid S2, 150 for utilities used during November. 30 Remington received a bill from Monticello Construction for Sl,230 for repairs made to Remingtons loading dock on November I S. Remington plans to pay the bill in early December. Dec. 10 Remington paid S I ,230 to Monticello Construction to settle the repair bill received onarrow_forwardExercise 3-50 Prepayment of Expenses JDM Inc. made the following prepayments for expense items during 2019: Prepaid building rent for I year on April I by paying $6,600. Prepaid rent was debited for the amount paid. Prepaid 12 months' insurance on I by paying Prepaid insurance was debited. Purchased $5,250 of office supplies on 15, debiting supplies for the full amount. There were no office supplies on hand as of October 15. Office supplies costing $1,085 remain unused at December 3 1, 2019. Paid $600 for a 12-month service contract for repairs and maintenance on a computer. The contract begins November 1. The full amount of the payment was debited to prepaid repairs and maintenance.arrow_forwardComprehensive Problem 1 8 Net income. 31,425 Kelly Pitney began her consulting business. Kelly Consulting, on April 1, 20Y8. The accounting cycle for Kelly Consulting for April, including financial statements, was illustrated in this chapter During May, Kelly Consulting entered into the following transactions: May 3.Received cash from clients as an advance payment for services to be provided and recorded it as unearned tree 4,500 5.Received cash from clients on account 2,450. 9.Paid cash for a newspaper advertisement 225. 13.Raid Office Station Co for part of the debt incurred on April , 640. 15.Recorded services provided on account for the period May 1-15, 9,180. 16 Paid part-time receptionist for two weeks salary including the amount owed on April 30, 750. 17.Recorded cash from cash clients for fees earned during the period May 116, 8,360. Record the following transactions on Page 6 of the Journal 20.Purchased support on account 735. 21.Recorded services provided on account for the period May 1620. 4,820 25.Recorded cash from cash clients for fees earned for the period May 1723, 7,900 27.Received cash from clients on account 9,520. 28.Paid part-time receptionist for two weeks salary. 7S0. 30.Raid telephone bill for May. 260 31.Paid electricity bill for May, 810. 31.Recorded cash from cash clients tor lees earned for the period May 2031. 3,300. 31.Recorded services provided on account for the remainder of May, 2,650. 31.Paid dividends 10,500 Instructions 1.The chart of accounts foe Kelly Consulting is shown us Exhibit 9. and the post-closing trial balance as of April 30, 20Y8, is shown in Exhibit 17. for each account in the post-closing trial balance, enter the balance in the appropriate Balance column of a four-column account. Date the balances May 1. 20Y8. and place a check mark () in the Posting Reference column. Journalize each of the May transactions in a two-column journal starting cm Page of the journal and using Kelly Consultings chart of accounts. (Do not insert the account numbers in the journal at this time.) 2.Post the journal to a ledger of four-column accounts. 5.Prepare an unadjusted trial balance. 4.At the end of May, the following adjustment data were assembled. Analyze and use these data to complete parts (5) and (6). (a)Insurance expired during May is 275. (b)Supplies on hand on May II are 715. (c)Depreciation of office equipment for May is 330. (d)Accrued receptionist salary on May 31 is 325. (e)Rent expired during May is 1600. (f)Unearned fees on May 31 are 3,210 5.(Optional) Enter the unadjusted trial balance on an end-of-period spreadsheet and complete the spreadsheet 6.Journalize and post the adjusting entries. Record the adjusting entries on Page 7 of the journal. 7.Prepare an adjusted trial balance. 8.Prepare an income statement, a statement of stockholders equity, and a balance sheet. 9.Prepare and post the closing entries. Record the closing entries on Page 8 of the journal. Indicate closed accounts by inserting a line in both the Balance columns opposite the closing entry. 10.Prepare a post-closing trial balance.arrow_forward
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