Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259709999
Author: Denise G. Anderson Lecturer, Sarah Salm, Deborah Allen
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 1A
You are working in a laboratory producing new antibiotics for human and veterinary use. One compound with potential value inhibits the action of bacterial ribosomes. The compound, however, was shown to inhibit the growth of animal cells in culture. What is one possible explanation for its effect on animal cells?
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Why are proteins important for cells?
A - They are the main source for energy inside cells.
B - They control all cell structure and function.
C - They only break down materials in the lysosome.
D - They only create new ribosomes.
Protein synthesis occurs in all living cells. Why, then, are some antimicrobial drugs that target protein synthesis selectively toxic to bacteria?
The protein synthesis in human cells will only occur inside the nucleus.
The ribosomes found in human cells and those found in bacterial cells have different structures.
Protein synthesis in bacteria is completed by ribosomes, while protein synthesis in humans is completed by polymerase enzymes.
The protein synthesis in human cells occurs less frequently than that in bacterial cells.
Which of the following is FALSE about spliceosomes?
a.
In eukaryotic cells are present in the nucleus.
b.
Are about the size of a ribosomal subunit.
c.
In bacteria, are present in the cytoplasm.
d.
Contain RNA and protein.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1SACh. 3 - Describe the difference between a simple stain and...Ch. 3 - Describe what happens at each step in the Gram...Ch. 3 - Compare and contrast ABC transport systems with...Ch. 3 - Diagram the structure of peptidoglycan.Ch. 3 - Give two reasons why the outer membrane of...Ch. 3 - Describe how a plasmid can help a cell.Ch. 3 -
8. How is receptor-mediated endocytosis different...Ch. 3 - What is the endosymbiotic theory?Ch. 3 - Explain how the Golgi apparatus cooperatively...
Ch. 3 - Which of the following is most likely to be used...Ch. 3 - When a medical technologist wants to determine if...Ch. 3 - Vibrio cholerae causes the disease cholera. Based...Ch. 3 -
4. Endotoxin is associated with
a) Gram-positive...Ch. 3 - The "O157" in the name E. coli O157:H7 refers to...Ch. 3 - Eliminating which structure is always deadly to...Ch. 3 - If you interfered with the ability of a Bacillus...Ch. 3 - If a virus mimics a ligand that normally...Ch. 3 -
9. The antibiotic erythromycin prevents protein...Ch. 3 -
10. If a eukaryotic cell were treated with a...Ch. 3 -
1. You are working in a laboratory producing new...Ch. 3 -
2. A research laboratory is investigating...Ch. 3 -
This graph shows facilitated diffusion of a...Ch. 3 - Most medically useful antibiotics interfere with...
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- The RNA components of ribosomes are synthesized in the _____. a. cytoplasm b. nucleus c. nucleolus d. endoplasmic reticulumarrow_forwardTetracyclines are a class of prokaryotic antibiotic that ?? A. Consist of lactone rings and target the 50s ribosomal subunit to prevent protein synthesis B. Consist of a napthacene ring and target the 30s ribosomal subunit to prevent protein synthesis C. Consist of aminoglycosides and target folic acid formation D. Consist of a B-lactam ring and prevent transpeptidation during cell wall formationarrow_forwardWhere do antibiotics such as penicillin, amoxicillin, vancomycin, and cephalosporins exert their action on bacterial cells? Group of answer choices inhibit protein synthesis at the ribosome break sugar-bonds between NAGs and NAMs inhibit cell membrane formation inhibit protein cross-linksarrow_forward
- Which is true of ribosomes found in eukaryotic cells? They: A) contain DNA B) synthesize carbohydrates C) are attached to the Rough Endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and carry out the synthesis of proteins D) are found inside the endoplasmic reticulum E) are originally found associated with the endoplasmic reticulum in prokaryotic cells.arrow_forwardThe mechanical changes that ribosomes undergo to be able to translate are driven by energy from: 1. ADP hydrolysis 2. GTP hydrolysis 3. Concentration gradient 4. ATP hydrolysisarrow_forwardThe lysosome a. is a vesicle for food. b. contains oxidase enzymes. c. adds carbohydrate chains to proteins. d. has ribosomes for making proteins. e. has a pH of about 5. 2. The Golgi apparatus a. is a vesicle for food. b. contains oxidase enzymes. c. adds carbohydrate chains to proteins. d. has ribosomes for making proteins. e. has a pH of about 5.arrow_forward
- We use Lysozyme to break down the cell wall in E.coli to lyse the cells. Why do we not use Lysozyme on mammalian cells?arrow_forwardThe antibiotic binds reversibly to an allosteric site on the ribosome. Which of the following will be affected by this inhibitor? a. Vmax will increase b. Vmax will decrease c. Km will increase d. Km will decreasearrow_forwardWhich of the following proteins would you expect to be translated by a ribosome associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum? A. A potassium channel that localizes to the plasma membrane B. Pyruvate kinase (a protein involved in glycolysis) C. A component of RNA polymerase II (a.k.a. RNA Polymerase 2) D. A component of DNA polymerasearrow_forward
- Each ribosome A can make two proteins at a time B can only make one protein at time C makes only one kind of protein D none of the abovearrow_forwardproteins that are integrated into a membrane are synthesized by which of these two sets of ribosome?arrow_forwardWhy is it unnecessary for our cells to have a cell wall? What might happen if the lysosomes inside a cell stopped working properly?arrow_forward
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