Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259709999
Author: Denise G. Anderson Lecturer, Sarah Salm, Deborah Allen
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 3, Problem 1CT
This graph shows facilitated diffusion of a compound across a cytoplasmic membrane and into a cell. As the external concentration of the compound is increased, the rate of uptake increases until it reaches a point where it slows and then begins to plateau. This is not the case with passive diffusion, where the rate of uptake continually increases as the solute concentration increases. Why does the rate of uptake slow and then eventually plateau with facilitated diffusion?
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This graph shows facilitated diffusion of a compound across a cytoplasmic membrane and into a cell. As the external concentration of the compound is increased, the rate of uptake increases until it reaches a point where it slows and then begins to plateau. This is not the case with passive diffusion, where the rate of uptake continually increases as the solute concentration increases. Why does the rate of uptake slow and then eventually plateau with facilitated diffusion?
Which of the following statements is correct about passive diffusion? Select one: A) It is a process in which molecules move from a region of lower concentration to one of higher concentration (or up a concentration gradient).
B) It is a process in which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration (or down a concentration gradient).
C) It requires an expenditure of energy by the cell.
D) It may require a transport protein.
E) It involves movement of molecules down a concentration gradient and may require a transport protein.
In figure 4-7 why does facilitated diffusion have a maximum rate of diffusion?

Chapter 3 Solutions
Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1SACh. 3 - Describe the difference between a simple stain and...Ch. 3 - Describe what happens at each step in the Gram...Ch. 3 - Compare and contrast ABC transport systems with...Ch. 3 - Diagram the structure of peptidoglycan.Ch. 3 - Give two reasons why the outer membrane of...Ch. 3 - Describe how a plasmid can help a cell.Ch. 3 -
8. How is receptor-mediated endocytosis different...Ch. 3 - What is the endosymbiotic theory?Ch. 3 - Explain how the Golgi apparatus cooperatively...
Ch. 3 - Which of the following is most likely to be used...Ch. 3 - When a medical technologist wants to determine if...Ch. 3 - Vibrio cholerae causes the disease cholera. Based...Ch. 3 -
4. Endotoxin is associated with
a) Gram-positive...Ch. 3 - The "O157" in the name E. coli O157:H7 refers to...Ch. 3 - Eliminating which structure is always deadly to...Ch. 3 - If you interfered with the ability of a Bacillus...Ch. 3 - If a virus mimics a ligand that normally...Ch. 3 -
9. The antibiotic erythromycin prevents protein...Ch. 3 -
10. If a eukaryotic cell were treated with a...Ch. 3 -
1. You are working in a laboratory producing new...Ch. 3 -
2. A research laboratory is investigating...Ch. 3 -
This graph shows facilitated diffusion of a...Ch. 3 - Most medically useful antibiotics interfere with...
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- Which of the following methods of transport is being used to transfer the substance into the cell in the accompanying graph? a. diffusion down a concentration gradient b. osmosis c. facilitated diffusion d. active transport e. vesicular transport f. It is impossible to tell with the information provided.arrow_forwardWhy is it advantageous for the cell membrane to be fluid in nature?arrow_forwardThe passive movement of a solute through a membrane protein down its concentration gradient is an example of _________. a. osmosis b. active transport c. endocytosis d. diffusionarrow_forward
- Put the following structures in order according to the pathway of a secreted protein: a. plasma membrane b. Golgi bodies c. endoplasmic reticulum d. post-Golgi vesiclesarrow_forwardDistinguish between the following pairs of terms: a. diffusion; osmosis b. passive transport; active transport c. endocytosis; exocytosisarrow_forwardThe principal force driving movement in diffusion is______. a. temperature b. particle size c. concentration gradient d. membrane surface areaarrow_forward
- In your own words, describe one similarity and one difference between diffusion via channels (like aquaporins) and facilitated diffusion.arrow_forwardCompare and contrast the following methods of a passing cell membrane in terms of movement with respect to the concentration gradient, use of ATP, and the use of transporters with examples. (Simple) diffusion vs Facilitated diffusionarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about diffusion is correct? It is an active process in which molecules move from a region of lower concentration to one of higher concentration. It is very rapid over long distances. It requires an expenditure of energy by the cell. It is a passive process in which molecules move from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. It is a passive process in which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.arrow_forward
- Without saturation of transport proteins and under the same concentration gradient how can the speed of simple diffusion be compared to the speed of facilitated diffusion?arrow_forwardThe surface area to volume ratio affects the ability of the cell to exchange nutrients and waste products with the outside environment. Many factors affect the movement of molecules across the cell membrane, including membrane thickness, temperature, pressure, concentration gradient, molecular mass, distance travelled, solvent properties and surface area of the cell. In general, according to Einstein’s approximation equation (Equation 1), diffusion time is inversely proportional to the to the diffusion coefficient (D), where t is time and x is distance travelled. The diffusion coefficient is unique to each type of molecule and is determined experimentally. Waste products such as carbon dioxide (CO2) pose a unique problem to cells as their accumulation may be lethal. Exchange with the external environment is dependent upon the distance the waste must travel; for a round cell this will be up to half the cell diameter. Using the diffusion coefficient (D) for carbon dioxide (1.97 × 10-5…arrow_forwardCompare and contrast the following methods of a passing cell membrane in terms of movement with respect to the concentration gradient, use of ATP, and the use of transporters with examples. (Simple) Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion/Passive Transport Osmosis Active Transport Exocytosis Endocytosis (with its 3 subforms)arrow_forward
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The Cell Membrane; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsffT7XIXbA;License: Standard youtube license