LooseLeaf for Human Anatomy
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781259285271
Author: Michael McKinley Dr., Valerie O'Loughlin, Elizabeth Pennefather-O'Brien
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 3, Problem 2DCR
In the late 1960s, a number of pregnant women in Europe and Canada were prescribed a drug called thalidomide. Many of these women gave birth to children with amelia (no limbs) or meromelia (malformed upper and/or lower limbs). It was later discovered that thalidomide is a teratogen that can cause limb defects in an unborn baby. Based upon this information, during what period of their pregnancy (pre-embryonic, embryonic, or fetal) do you think these women took thalidomide? During which of these periods would thalidomide cause the most harm to limb development?
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Suppose that in the near future, you are a prenatal care provider. In the most recent ultrasound checkup on the expecting mother, you unfortunately found that the fetus is suffering a neural tube defect in the form of anencephaly. Seeing as the mother is still in the 12th week of pregnancy or the 1st trimester, the pregnancy can still be terminated via medical means. How would you explain to the parents the situation they are in?
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Chapter 3 Solutions
LooseLeaf for Human Anatomy
Ch. 3 - What are two ways in which meiosis differs from...Ch. 3 - What is crossing over, and during what phase of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3WYLCh. 3 - Prob. 4WYLCh. 3 - How is a secondary oocyte different from an ovum?Ch. 3 - Prob. 6WYLCh. 3 - What is the name of the core of cells at one end...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8WYLCh. 3 - Prob. 9WYLCh. 3 - What structure induces the process of neurulation?
Ch. 3 - Prob. 11WYLCh. 3 - What structures in the embryo are derived from the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 13WYLCh. 3 - Prob. 14WYLCh. 3 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...Ch. 3 - Prob. 1MCCh. 3 - The outer layer of the blastocyst that attaches to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 3 - Somites develop from. a. paraxial mesoderm b....Ch. 3 - Prob. 5MCCh. 3 - An abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell...Ch. 3 - Prob. 7MCCh. 3 - Which of the following is not an extraembryonic...Ch. 3 - Prob. 9MCCh. 3 - The beginning of brain and spinal cord formation...Ch. 3 - Briefly describe the process of meiosis,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2CRCh. 3 - Prob. 3CRCh. 3 - Prob. 4CRCh. 3 - What important event occurs with the formation of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 6CRCh. 3 - Prob. 7CRCh. 3 - Prob. 8CRCh. 3 - Prob. 9CRCh. 3 - Prob. 10CRCh. 3 - Jennifer is a 37-year-old woman who is just over 3...Ch. 3 - In the late 1960s, a number of pregnant women in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3DCR
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- Define a teratogen and provide several examples of teratogens.arrow_forwardIt is no mystery how harmful a lot of environmental factors can be on a fetus nor is it misunderstood how important proper prenatal care is during pregnancy. Despite this, we have seen that many people do not receive the recommended care and children are still born with birth defects due to preventable teratogens. explain how you could reduce or eliminate these negative consequences.arrow_forwardSeeing that the placenta acts as a barrier protecting the baby from harmful substances the mother may consume, how come some babies develop ailments like Fetal Alcohol Syndrome? Are there some substances that render the protective function of the placenta less useful than required?arrow_forward
- Retinoic acid is the main component of Tretinoin, an anti-cancer chemotherapy drug. Retinoic acid is also a known teratogen which can cause congenital anomalies in eyes, ears, hearts, lungs, limbs, and many other organ systems. Based on the organ systems that are impacted by exposure to retinoic acid, during which of the following trimesters of pregnancy are developing humans most susceptible to the teratogenic effects of retinoic acid? aFirst trimester b.Second trimester c.Third trimesterarrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of a teratogen?arrow_forwardDo other organs or organ systems develop at the same time? Are they related to the function of your assigned organ or organ system? A previously infertile couple wishes to have a pregnancy but the man produces non-motile sperm. If it were possible to fertilize one of the woman's eggs by removing a sperm nucleus and injecting it into the egg, could this procedure ever produce viable offspring? Why or why not?arrow_forward
- What technology would enable a fetus born in the fourth month to survive in a laboratory setting? (This is not yet possible.)arrow_forwardSuppose an auto accident had fractured a pregnant woman’s sphenoid bone and severed the pituitary stalk. Assuming that she nevertheless carried the pregnancy to full term,how might this accident affect her labor contractions? How might it affect her ability to breast-feed? Explain both effects.arrow_forwardImplantation of a blastocyst does not always happen. Approximately how many days after fertilization may implantation of a blastocyst occur?arrow_forward
- When doctors discuss prenatal development, they often calculate the due date from the first day of menstruation. In fact, the baby’s gestational age is calculated from the first day of menstruation. At a maternity clinic, an obstetrician mentions that when a woman is 10 weeks pregnant, the baby is referred to as a fetus. Which of the following is the correct calculation of the baby’s age from the moment of fertilization, assuming a 28-day ovarian cycle? Select one: a. The baby is 8 weeks old. This is when organ formation has completed. b. The baby is 12 weeks old and at the end of the first trimester. c. The baby is in its second trimester. This is when they are referred to as a fetus. d. The baby is 10 weeks old as stated by the doctor.arrow_forwardWhen doctors discuss prenatal development, they often calculate the due date from the first day of menstruation. In fact, the baby’s gestational age is calculated from the first day of menstruation. At a maternity clinic, an obstetrician mentions that when a woman is 10 weeks pregnant, the baby is referred to as a fetus. Which of the following is the correct calculation of the baby’s age from the moment of fertilization, assuming a 28-day ovarian cycle? a. The baby is 8 weeks old. This is when organ formation has completed. b. The baby is 10 weeks old as stated by the doctor.arrow_forwardIf human fetus were exposed to very low levels of both testosterone and estrogen during prenatal development, how would the sexual anatomy appear? Why?arrow_forward
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