Introduction to Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259288722
Author: BAUER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 3, Problem 5PP
Suppose an ionic compound containing magnesium and chloride ions is dissolved in water. Beginning with a representation for five magnesium ions, draw a picture of a solution containing magnesium and chloride ions that is electrically neutral. You can omit the water molecules.
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Write an equation that shows the formation of a iron(II) ion from a neutral iron atom.Represent electrons as e- .If a box is not needed, leave it blank.If the coefficient is 1, do not write it.
The oxyacids containing oxygen (O) and phosphorous (P) are named differently than the oxyanions on which they are based. You have just learned that in general -ite endings are
changed to -ous while -ate endings are changed to -ic when naming the acid. However, for the acids of oxyanions based on phosphorus, the root also changes. The roots for the
oxyanions and oxyacids of phosphorus are shown below.
oxyanion root: phosph
oxyacid root: phosphor
Although the exception exists for the root, the prefixes and suffixes of these oxyacids still follow the conventions for naming oxyacids. Using the table of oxyanions given in the transition
before Part B and the roots shown above, give the name of the oxyacid H3PO4 below.
Spell out the full name of the acid.
24
25
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27
28
29
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31
32
33
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35
Decide whether each molecule or polyatomic ion is polar or nonpolar.
If the molecule or polyatomic ion is polar, write the chemical symbol of the atom closest to the negative side. For example, if the molecule were HCl and you
decided the hydrogen atom was closest to the negative side of the molecule, you'd enter "H" in the last column of the table.
polar or
nonpolar?
molecule or
atom closest to
polyatomic ion
negative side
polar
co,
O nonpolar
O polar
CIF
O nonpolar
O polar
SiF
O nonpolar
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Introduction to Chemistry
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1QCCh. 3 - Prob. 2QCCh. 3 - Prob. 3QCCh. 3 - How are ionic compounds named?Ch. 3 - What do formulas for molecular compounds represent...Ch. 3 - What are some common acids and bases and how are...Ch. 3 - How do names of a compounds communicate their...Ch. 3 - Which of the compounds listed in the example are...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2PPCh. 3 - Prob. 3PP
Ch. 3 - Prob. 4PPCh. 3 - Suppose an ionic compound containing magnesium and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 6PPCh. 3 - Name the compounds K2OandMgSO3 .Ch. 3 - Prob. 8PPCh. 3 - Write the formulas for the compound with the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10PPCh. 3 - Name the compounds P4O6andN2O5.Ch. 3 - Prob. 12PPCh. 3 - (a) Name the compound H2Se(aq). (b) An acid...Ch. 3 - Classify and name the compound with the formulas...Ch. 3 - Prob. 1QPCh. 3 - Prob. 2QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3QPCh. 3 - Prob. 4QPCh. 3 - Prob. 5QPCh. 3 - Prob. 6QPCh. 3 - Prob. 7QPCh. 3 - Prob. 8QPCh. 3 - Which of the compound LiF,CO2,orN2O5 is expected...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10QPCh. 3 - Based on their positions in the periodic table,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 12QPCh. 3 - Prob. 13QPCh. 3 - Prob. 14QPCh. 3 - Prob. 15QPCh. 3 - Prob. 16QPCh. 3 - Prob. 17QPCh. 3 - Prob. 18QPCh. 3 - Write the formulas of the following for the...Ch. 3 - Write the formulas of the following for the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 21QPCh. 3 - Prob. 22QPCh. 3 - Prob. 23QPCh. 3 - Prob. 24QPCh. 3 - Prob. 25QPCh. 3 - Prob. 26QPCh. 3 - Suppose an ionic compound containing aluminium and...Ch. 3 - Suppose an ionic compound containing magnesium and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 29QPCh. 3 - Prob. 30QPCh. 3 - Prob. 31QPCh. 3 - Prob. 32QPCh. 3 - Prob. 33QPCh. 3 - Two ions of chromium are Cr2+andCr3+. (a)Â What...Ch. 3 - Prob. 35QPCh. 3 - Prob. 36QPCh. 3 - Prob. 37QPCh. 3 - The listed formulas are incorrect. Determine what...Ch. 3 - Prob. 39QPCh. 3 - Prob. 40QPCh. 3 - Prob. 41QPCh. 3 - Prob. 42QPCh. 3 - Prob. 43QPCh. 3 - Prob. 44QPCh. 3 - Prob. 45QPCh. 3 - Prob. 46QPCh. 3 - Prob. 47QPCh. 3 - Prob. 48QPCh. 3 - Prob. 49QPCh. 3 - Prob. 50QPCh. 3 - Prob. 51QPCh. 3 - What are the common names for Cu2SO4andCuSO4?Ch. 3 - Prob. 53QPCh. 3 - Prob. 54QPCh. 3 - Complete the following table by writing formulas...Ch. 3 - Prob. 56QPCh. 3 - Prob. 57QPCh. 3 - Prob. 58QPCh. 3 - Prob. 59QPCh. 3 - Prob. 60QPCh. 3 - Prob. 61QPCh. 3 - Prob. 62QPCh. 3 - Prob. 63QPCh. 3 - Prob. 64QPCh. 3 - Prob. 65QPCh. 3 - Prob. 66QPCh. 3 - Prob. 67QPCh. 3 - Prob. 68QPCh. 3 - Prob. 69QPCh. 3 - Prob. 70QPCh. 3 - Prob. 71QPCh. 3 - Prob. 72QPCh. 3 - Prob. 73QPCh. 3 - Prob. 74QPCh. 3 - Prob. 75QPCh. 3 - Prob. 76QPCh. 3 - Prob. 77QPCh. 3 - Prob. 78QPCh. 3 - Prob. 79QPCh. 3 - Prob. 80QPCh. 3 - Prob. 81QPCh. 3 - Prob. 82QPCh. 3 - Prob. 83QPCh. 3 - Prob. 84QPCh. 3 - Prob. 85QPCh. 3 - Prob. 86QPCh. 3 - Prob. 87QPCh. 3 - Prob. 88QPCh. 3 - Prob. 89QPCh. 3 - Prob. 90QPCh. 3 - Prob. 91QPCh. 3 - Determine what ions and how many of each are...Ch. 3 - Prob. 93QPCh. 3 - Prob. 94QPCh. 3 - Prob. 95QPCh. 3 - Prob. 96QPCh. 3 - Prob. 97QPCh. 3 - Prob. 98QPCh. 3 - Prob. 99QPCh. 3 - Prob. 100QPCh. 3 - Prob. 101QPCh. 3 - Prob. 102QPCh. 3 - Prob. 103QPCh. 3 - Prob. 104QPCh. 3 - Prob. 105QPCh. 3 - Prob. 106QPCh. 3 - Prob. 107QPCh. 3 - Prob. 108QPCh. 3 - Prob. 109QPCh. 3 - Prob. 110QPCh. 3 - Prob. 111QPCh. 3 - Prob. 112QPCh. 3 - Prob. 113QPCh. 3 - Prob. 114QPCh. 3 - Prob. 115QPCh. 3 - Prob. 116QPCh. 3 - Prob. 117QPCh. 3 - Prob. 118QPCh. 3 - Prob. 119QPCh. 3 - Prob. 120QPCh. 3 - Prob. 121QPCh. 3 - Prob. 122QPCh. 3 - Prob. 123QPCh. 3 - Prob. 124QPCh. 3 - Prob. 125QPCh. 3 - Prob. 126QPCh. 3 - Prob. 127QPCh. 3 - Prob. 128QPCh. 3 - Prob. 129QPCh. 3 - Prob. 130QPCh. 3 - Prob. 131QPCh. 3 - Prob. 132QPCh. 3 - Prob. 133QPCh. 3 - Prob. 134QPCh. 3 - Prob. 135QPCh. 3 - Prob. 136QP
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- Part A There are conventions for naming and constructing the formulas for acids and bases just as there are for other types of compounds. There are three main rules for naming acids, as shown in the table. For example, an acid that contains a hydrogen ion and an acetate anion is called acetic acid What is the chemical formula for the base iron(III) hydroxide? Type of acid Naming convention Express your answer as a chemical formula. Hydrogen ion Nonmetal anion Prefix hydro Change nonmetal ending to ic acid • View Available Hint(s) Hydrogen ion Polyatomic ion ending in ate No prefix Change polyatomic ion ending to ic acid ΑΣφ Hydrogen ion Polyatomic ion ending in ite No prefix Change polyatomic ion ending to ous acid There is one main rule shown in the table for naming bases. For example, a base that contains a sodium ion and a hydroxide ion is called sodium hydroxide. DA chemical reaction does not occur for this question. Type of base Naming convention Submit Metal ion Metal name…arrow_forward1. The following substances will be used or observed in this experiment. Provide the chemical formula for each substance and state whether it is an element or a compound. If it is an element, state whether it is a metal or a non-metal element in column 4 and leave column 5 blank. If it is a compound, leave column 4 blank and state whether it is an ionic or covalent compound in column 5. (4) Metal or Nonmetal? (only for elements) (5) lonic or Covalent? (only for compounds) (1) Substance (2) Formula (3) Element or Compound? carbon dioxide cobalt(II) chloride cobalt(II) phosphate copper(II) carbonate copper(II) chloridearrow_forwardPart 1: Nomenclature What are covalent compounds (molecules)? Give two examples of covalent compounds and their formula. What are binary ionic compounds (formula units)? Give two examples of binary ionic compounds and their formula What is the difference between naming of cations with variable charge and compounds with fixed charge? Give two examples of each and their formula What are polyatomic ions? Give two examples of polyatomic ions and their formula Give two examples of compounds containing polyatomic ions and their formula Give an example of names of binary acids (not containing a polyatomic ion) in aqueous solution and its formula. Give an example of an oxyacid (containing a polyatomic ion) inn aqueous solution and its formula. Part 2: Structure, Shape and polarity Draw the Lewis structure of PH3 draw the electronic geometry and name the geometry (hint: very similar to NH3) draw the molecular geometry and name the…arrow_forward
- The oxyacids containing oxygen (OO) and phosphorous (PP) are named differently than the oxyanions on which they are based. You have just learned that in general -ite endings are changed to -ous while -ate endings are changed to -ic when naming the acid. However, for the acids of oxyanions based on phosphorus, the root also changes. The roots for the oxyanions and oxyacids of phosphorus are shown below. oxyanion root: phosph oxyacid root: phosphor Although the exception exists for the root, the prefixes and suffixes of these oxyacids still follow the conventions for naming oxyacids. Using the table of oxyanions given in the transition before Part B and the roots shown above, give the name of the oxyacid H3PO3H3PO3 below. Spell out the full name of the acid.arrow_forwardWhat is the chemical formula for the compound formed between cobalt(III) and the bromate ion? chemical formula: What is the chemical formula for the compound formed between cobalt(III) and the phosphate ion? chemical formula:arrow_forwardYou have two samples of white crystals. One is salt (NaCl) and the other is sugar (C6H12O6). a) Draw a Lewis diagram showing the formation of the NaCl compound b) Are the bonds holding the sugar molecule together polar covalent or non-polar covalent? Use electronegativity values to support your answer. c) Why will the salt conduct electricity when dissolved in water, while the sugar will not? Use chemical equations to support your answerarrow_forward
- The compound calcium nitrate, Ca(NO3), is soluble in water. Write the formulas for the ions that interact with water as shown in the models when solid calcium nitrate dissolves in water:arrow_forwardPredict the compound formed between a cesium atom and a sulfur atom. Write it's formula. Classify the compound as ionic, acid, or molecular. Explain, with specific details, how you arrived at the formula. Be brief and relevant.arrow_forwardIons that form from one atom on the Periodic Table are call monatomic ions. However not all ionic bonds are formed with monatomic ions, polyatomic ions can form ionic bonds as well. The prefix poly- means many and atomic refers to atoms, so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom. This differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions, which contain only one atom. Examples of monatomic ions include Na+, Fe3+, Cl-, and many, many others. We can think about polyatomic ions by comparing them to monatomic ions. A monatomic ion is an atom that has been ionized by gaining or losing electrons. The ion has a net charge because the total number of electrons is not balanced by the total number of protons in the nucleus. Thus, compared to the neutral atom, we have extra electrons—in the case of a negatively charged anion—or not enough electrons—in the case of a positively charged cation. For example, a neutral chlorine atom has an atomic number of 17, which means it has 17…arrow_forward
- Differentiate between carbonate and carbonic acid?arrow_forwardRead: On page three, paragraph one reads, "As the prefix, poly means many and atomic is related to atoms. An ion with more than one atom is a polyatomic ion. This differentiates polyatomic ions from monoatomic ions, which contain only one atom." A polyatomic ion is a group of covalently bonded atoms, with the total number of protons not equal to the total number of electrons. Atoms become ions when they gain or lose electrons, resulting in a net charge. On page one paragraph two it says. "The Octet rule describes the tendency of atoms to prefer valence shells with eight electrons. Atoms react and tend to create more stable compounds since they have fewer electrons. When discussing the octet rule, d or f electrons are not considered." According to the octet rule, atoms typically have eight electrons in their valence shell. Elements in the S block and P-block follow the Octet rule. On page two, paragraph one, "To draw a Lewis Structure, start with the atomic symbol in the middle, then…arrow_forwardRead: An Ion is a charged atom, # protons ≠ # electrons. On page three, paragraph one states, “The prefix poly- means many and atomic refers to atoms, so a polyatomic ion is an ion that contains more than one atom. This differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions, which contain only one atom.” Ions that contain only one atom are called monoatomic ions. Ions that contain more than one atom are called polyatomic ions. A monatomic ion is a single charged atom, with the number of protons not equal to the number of electrons. A polyatomic ion is a group of covalently-bonded atoms, with the total number of protons not equal to the total number of electrons. Using the image attached how could you further elaborate this answer? Cite evidence from the image.arrow_forward
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