Economics (Irwin Economics)
21st Edition
ISBN: 9781259723223
Author: Campbell R. McConnell, Stanley L. Brue, Sean Masaki Flynn Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 30, Problem 2DQ
To determine
Consumption and saving.
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5
3. permanent Income Hypothesis
a) suppose that beta=.9 and R= 2222 (that is ~22%). For an individual who acts according to the PIH, will their consumption next period be higher than current consumption or lower?
b) What is the main crucial difference between the Keynesian Consumption function and the consumption function derived from the PIH (or Lifetime Income Hypothesis)?
c) If Present Value of future income stream is 500,000 and a person has a beta of.8, how much will their consumption go up today if only today's income increases by 1000? How much will their consumption increase (approximately) if their income goes up by 1000 in all periods?
Given the following information about each economy , either calculate the missing variable or determine that it cannot be calculated . [LO 7.2,7.3] a. If C=\$20.1 billion, I=\$3.5 billion G=\$5.2 billion, and NX=-\$1 billion, what is total income ? b. If total income is $1 trillion G=\$0.3 tr trillion , and C=\$0.5 trillion , what is I? c. If total expenditure is $675 billion, C=\$433 billion , I = $105 billion , and G=\$75 billion , what is NX ? How much are exports ? How much are imports?
1. According to the Bureau of Economic Analysis, during therecession of 2007–2009, household saving as a fraction of dis-posable personal income increased from a low of just over1 percent in the first quarter of 2008 to 5 percent in the secondquarter of 2009. All else equal, what impact would this changein saving have on the MPC, MPS, and multiplier? How wouldthis change affect equilibrium output when planned invest-ment changes?
2. Assume in a simple economy that the level of saving is –500 whenaggregate output equals zero and that the marginal propensity tosave is 0.2. Derive the saving function and the consumption func-tion, and draw a graph showing these functions. At what level ofaggregate output does the consumption curve cross the 45° line?Explain your answer and show this on the graph.
Chapter 30 Solutions
Economics (Irwin Economics)
Ch. 30.2 - Prob. 1QQCh. 30.2 - Prob. 2QQCh. 30.2 - Prob. 3QQCh. 30.2 - Prob. 4QQCh. 30.5 - Prob. 1QQCh. 30.5 - Prob. 2QQCh. 30.5 - Prob. 3QQCh. 30.5 - Prob. 4QQCh. 30 - Prob. 1DQCh. 30 - Prob. 2DQ
Ch. 30 - Prob. 3DQCh. 30 - Prob. 4DQCh. 30 - Prob. 5DQCh. 30 - Prob. 6DQCh. 30 - Prob. 7DQCh. 30 - Prob. 8DQCh. 30 - Prob. 9DQCh. 30 - Prob. 1RQCh. 30 - Prob. 2RQCh. 30 - Prob. 3RQCh. 30 - Prob. 4RQCh. 30 - Prob. 5RQCh. 30 - Prob. 6RQCh. 30 - Prob. 7RQCh. 30 - Prob. 8RQCh. 30 - Prob. 9RQCh. 30 - Prob. 1PCh. 30 - Prob. 2PCh. 30 - Prob. 3PCh. 30 - Prob. 4PCh. 30 - Prob. 5PCh. 30 - Prob. 6PCh. 30 - Prob. 7PCh. 30 - Prob. 8PCh. 30 - Prob. 9PCh. 30 - Prob. 10P
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- Crusoe will live this period and the next period as the lone inhabitant of his island. His only income is a crop of 100 coconuts that he harvests at the begin- ning of each period. Coconuts not consumed in the current period spoil at the rate of 10 percent per period. (LO5) a. Draw Crusoe’s intertemporal budget constraint. What will be his consump- tion in each period if he regards future consumption as a perfect, one-for- one substitute for current consumption? b. What will he consume each period if he regards 0.8 unit of future consump- tion as being worth 1 unit of current consumption?arrow_forwardThe difference between planned and unplanned spending is Select one: O a. always negative O b. unplanned changes in inventories O c inventories O d. always positivearrow_forwardADVANCED ANALYSIS Assume that the consumption schedule for a private closed economy is such that consumption is: C = 100 + 0.75Y Assume further that planned investment Ig is independent of the level of real GDP and constant at Ig = 50. Recall also that, in equilibrium, the real output produced (Y) is equal to aggregate expenditures: Y = C + Ig Instructions: Enter your answers as whole numbers.a. Calculate the equilibrium level of income or real GDP for this economy. Equilibrium GDP (Y) = $ . b. What happens to equilibrium GDP if Ig changes to 60? Equilibrium GDP (Y) = $ . What does this outcome reveal about the size of the spending multiplier? Spending multiplier = .arrow_forward
- 1.In Figure 1, when disposable income is 0, how much is consumption, saving, autonomous consumption, and induced consumption? 2.In Figure 1, when disposable income is 2500, how much is consumption, saving, autonomous consumption, and induced consumption? 3.In Figure 1, when disposable income is 4,000, how much is the consumption, savings, autonomous consumption and induced consumption?arrow_forwardADVANCED ANALYSIS Suppose that the linear equation for consumption in a hypothetical economy is C = 60 + 0.75Y. Also suppose that income (Y) is $600. Determine the following values: Instructions: For parts a, b, d, and f, round your answers to 2 decimal places if necessary. For parts c and e, enter your answers as a whole number. a. MPC = b. MPS = c. Level of consumption = $ d. APC = e. Level of saving = $ f. APS =arrow_forward2. In macroeconomic theory, total or aggregate spending is denoted by A and total or aggregateproduction of income by Y. Which one of the following statements is incorrect? A When A is greater than Y, there is disequilibrium and Y will tend to increase.B When A is equal to Y, there is equilibrium and Y will remain unchanged.C When A is less than Y, there is disequilibrium and Y will decrease.D When A is greater than Y, there is disequilibrium and A will decrease.arrow_forward
- 9. If the MPC is greater than zero but less than one, then we can be sure that when disposable income rises by P1 consumption will: a. not be affected b. will rise by more than P1 c. will rise by less than P1 d. will rise by exactly P1.arrow_forwardFor an economy the following functions have been given:C = 100 + 0.8YS = -100 + 0.2YI = 120 – 5rMs = 120Md = 0.2Y – 5rCalculate the following:5.1.1. IS equation 5.1.2. LM equation 5.1.3. Equilibrium level of income 5.1.4. Equilibrium level of interest rate. 5.1.5 Calculate National saving. 5.1.6 Calculate money demand 5.1.7 Find consumptionarrow_forward1. Show that equilibruim level of income is at a point where consumption plus investment schedules intersect the 45 degree line. 2. Suppose the level of autonomous investment in an economy is K200,000 and the consumption function is given below as c = 80+0.8Y, what will be the equilibrium level of income. 4.if MPcC is 0.8, what will be the increase in the level of income if investment is increased to K400,000. 5. What increase in investment is needed to raise the income by K4000, if MPC is 0.75? How much will be the increase in consumption and saving due to this increase in income. 3. Given the consumption level C= 50 + 75Y, if we assume autonomous investment is K200,000 at what level of income will savings become equal to investment?arrow_forward
- An increase of R5 billion in income in a macroeconomy leads to an increase in R3billion in consumption spending. From this information, we can determine that themarginal propensity to save in this economy is:choose the correct answer(a) 0.6; (b) 0.5;(c) 0.3; (d) 0.4arrow_forward6 Suppose a closed economy with no government spending or taxing initially. Suppose also that intended investment is equal to 100 and the aggregate consumption function is given by C = 250 + 0.75Y. And suppose that, if at full employment, the economy would produce an output and income of 3500 By how much would the government need to raise spending (G) to bring the economy to full employment? (round your answer to the nearest whole value)arrow_forward2. Suppose that consumption equals $500 billion when the disposable income is $0 and that each increase of $100 billion in disposable income causes consumption to increase by $70 billion. a. Draw a graph of the consumption function using this information. The axes must be labeled correctly, and the consumption function should have at least two points on the graph (correct coordinates). b. What is the Marginal Propensity to Consume in this economy? How did you arrive at your answer? Please show your work. Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.arrow_forward
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