Economics (Irwin Economics)
21st Edition
ISBN: 9781259723223
Author: Campbell R. McConnell, Stanley L. Brue, Sean Masaki Flynn Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 30, Problem 6RQ
To determine
Shifts in investment demand curve.
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Given the following information about each economy , either calculate the missing variable or determine that it cannot be calculated . [LO 7.2,7.3] a. If C=\$20.1 billion, I=\$3.5 billion G=\$5.2 billion, and NX=-\$1 billion, what is total income ? b. If total income is $1 trillion G=\$0.3 tr trillion , and C=\$0.5 trillion , what is I? c. If total expenditure is $675 billion, C=\$433 billion , I = $105 billion , and G=\$75 billion , what is NX ? How much are exports ? How much are imports?
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3. permanent Income Hypothesis
a) suppose that beta=.9 and R= 2222 (that is ~22%). For an individual who acts according to the PIH, will their consumption next period be higher than current consumption or lower?
b) What is the main crucial difference between the Keynesian Consumption function and the consumption function derived from the PIH (or Lifetime Income Hypothesis)?
c) If Present Value of future income stream is 500,000 and a person has a beta of.8, how much will their consumption go up today if only today's income increases by 1000? How much will their consumption increase (approximately) if their income goes up by 1000 in all periods?
Suppose that consumer spending initially rises by $5 billion for every 1 percent rise in household wealth and that investment spending initially rises by $20 billion for every 1 percentage point fall in the real interest rate. Also assume that the economy�s multiplier is 3. If household wealth falls by 6 percent because of declining house values, and the real interest rate falls by 2 percentage points, in what direction and by how much will the aggregate demand curve initially shift at each price level? The aggregate demand curve will shift_____ by $____ billion. In what direction and by how much will it eventually shift? The aggregate demand curve will shift_____ by $____ billion..
Chapter 30 Solutions
Economics (Irwin Economics)
Ch. 30.2 - Prob. 1QQCh. 30.2 - Prob. 2QQCh. 30.2 - Prob. 3QQCh. 30.2 - Prob. 4QQCh. 30.5 - Prob. 1QQCh. 30.5 - Prob. 2QQCh. 30.5 - Prob. 3QQCh. 30.5 - Prob. 4QQCh. 30 - Prob. 1DQCh. 30 - Prob. 2DQ
Ch. 30 - Prob. 3DQCh. 30 - Prob. 4DQCh. 30 - Prob. 5DQCh. 30 - Prob. 6DQCh. 30 - Prob. 7DQCh. 30 - Prob. 8DQCh. 30 - Prob. 9DQCh. 30 - Prob. 1RQCh. 30 - Prob. 2RQCh. 30 - Prob. 3RQCh. 30 - Prob. 4RQCh. 30 - Prob. 5RQCh. 30 - Prob. 6RQCh. 30 - Prob. 7RQCh. 30 - Prob. 8RQCh. 30 - Prob. 9RQCh. 30 - Prob. 1PCh. 30 - Prob. 2PCh. 30 - Prob. 3PCh. 30 - Prob. 4PCh. 30 - Prob. 5PCh. 30 - Prob. 6PCh. 30 - Prob. 7PCh. 30 - Prob. 8PCh. 30 - Prob. 9PCh. 30 - Prob. 10P
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- 6 Suppose a closed economy with no government spending or taxing initially. Suppose also that intended investment is equal to 100 and the aggregate consumption function is given by C = 250 + 0.75Y. And suppose that, if at full employment, the economy would produce an output and income of 3500 By how much would the government need to raise spending (G) to bring the economy to full employment? (round your answer to the nearest whole value)arrow_forwardCrusoe will live this period and the next period as the lone inhabitant of his island. His only income is a crop of 100 coconuts that he harvests at the begin- ning of each period. Coconuts not consumed in the current period spoil at the rate of 10 percent per period. (LO5) a. Draw Crusoe’s intertemporal budget constraint. What will be his consump- tion in each period if he regards future consumption as a perfect, one-for- one substitute for current consumption? b. What will he consume each period if he regards 0.8 unit of future consump- tion as being worth 1 unit of current consumption?arrow_forwardSuppose that the real interest rate is 6%. Next, assume that some factors changes, such that the expected rate of return, declines by  two percentage points at each prospective level of investment. Assuming no change in the real interest rate, by how much and in what direction will the investment change?  which of the following might cause this change: (a) a decision to increase inventories; (b) an increase in excess production capacity.arrow_forward
- ADVANCED ANALYSIS Assume that the consumption schedule for a private closed economy is such that consumption is: C = 100 + 0.75Y Assume further that planned investment Ig is independent of the level of real GDP and constant at Ig = 50. Recall also that, in equilibrium, the real output produced (Y) is equal to aggregate expenditures: Y = C + Ig Instructions: Enter your answers as whole numbers.a. Calculate the equilibrium level of income or real GDP for this economy. Equilibrium GDP (Y) = $ . b. What happens to equilibrium GDP if Ig changes to 60? Equilibrium GDP (Y) = $ . What does this outcome reveal about the size of the spending multiplier? Spending multiplier = .arrow_forward2. In macroeconomic theory, total or aggregate spending is denoted by A and total or aggregateproduction of income by Y. Which one of the following statements is incorrect? A When A is greater than Y, there is disequilibrium and Y will tend to increase.B When A is equal to Y, there is equilibrium and Y will remain unchanged.C When A is less than Y, there is disequilibrium and Y will decrease.D When A is greater than Y, there is disequilibrium and A will decrease.arrow_forward16. Suppose that planned investment and planned government purchases do not depend on income:I = 15 and G = 17. Consumption, as you would expect, does depend on income via the consumption function C = 2 + 0.75Y – 0.75T. Net taxes are T = 12. Your friend thinks that the equilibrium will be where Y = 150 but he is wrong. What is the best description of this situation? a. the (Y, AE) point is above the 45 degree line, Y will adjust down b. the (Y, AE) point is above the 45 degree line, Y will adjust up c. the (Y, AE) point is below the 45 degree line, Y will adjust down d. the (Y, AE) point is below the 45 degree line, Y will adjust up 17. (continued) Help you friend by calculating the equilibrium income for the AE model in the previous question. Y = _____arrow_forward
- Suppose that the investment demand curve in a certain economy is such that investment declines by $110 billion for every 1 percentage point increase in the real interest rate. Also, suppose that the investment demand curve shifts rightward by $170 billion at each real interest rate for every 1 percentage point increase in the expected rate of return from investment. If stimulus spending (an expansionary fiscal policy) by government increases the real interest rate by 2 percentage points, but also raises the expected rate of return on investment by 1 percentage point, how much investment, if any, will be crowded out? Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.arrow_forwardSuppose that consumer spending initially rises by $5 billion for every 1 percent rise in household wealth and that investment spending initially rises by $20 billion for every 1 percentage point fall in the real interest rate. Also assume that the economy's multiplier is 4. If household wealth falls by 6 percent because of declining house values, and the real interest rate falls by 2 percentage points, in what direction and by how much will the aggregate demand curve initially shift at each price level? In what direction and by how much will it eventually shift?arrow_forward1. According to the Bureau of Economic Analysis, during therecession of 2007–2009, household saving as a fraction of dis-posable personal income increased from a low of just over1 percent in the first quarter of 2008 to 5 percent in the secondquarter of 2009. All else equal, what impact would this changein saving have on the MPC, MPS, and multiplier? How wouldthis change affect equilibrium output when planned invest-ment changes? 2. Assume in a simple economy that the level of saving is –500 whenaggregate output equals zero and that the marginal propensity tosave is 0.2. Derive the saving function and the consumption func-tion, and draw a graph showing these functions. At what level ofaggregate output does the consumption curve cross the 45° line?Explain your answer and show this on the graph.arrow_forward
- 7 Suppose a closed economy with no government spending which in equilibrium is producing an output and income of 1100. Suppose also that the marginal propensity to consume is 0.80, and that, if at full employment, the economy would produce an output and income of 3850 By how much would the government need to cut taxes (T) to bring the economy to full employment? (round your answer to the nearest whole value)arrow_forward1. Show that equilibruim level of income is at a point where consumption plus investment schedules intersect the 45 degree line. 2. Suppose the level of autonomous investment in an economy is K200,000 and the consumption function is given below as c = 80+0.8Y, what will be the equilibrium level of income. 4.if MPcC is 0.8, what will be the increase in the level of income if investment is increased to K400,000. 5. What increase in investment is needed to raise the income by K4000, if MPC is 0.75? How much will be the increase in consumption and saving due to this increase in income. 3. Given the consumption level C= 50 + 75Y, if we assume autonomous investment is K200,000 at what level of income will savings become equal to investment?arrow_forwardFor the linear IS-LM model, the goods market and the money market are in equilibrium when. Suppose that the economy is characterized by the following equations: (Y;r) = ( 1200 ; 6), Y-C-IG=0, C-Co-c(Y-T)=0,I-Io+hr=0, and kY-ur-M^s=0, which are satisfied for Co=60, lo=150, G=250, T=200, M^s=60, with the parameters c=0.8, k=0.1, h=10, and u=10. How are the equilibrium and affected, a) if "h" (the sensivity of the demand for investment to the interest rate) decreases to 5? b) if "u" (the sensitivity of the demand for real money balances to the interest rate) decreases to 5?arrow_forward
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