Chapter 30, Problem 97A

To determine

To Explain: The researches huntfor top quark and physicists hypothesize the existence of top quark.

Answer to Problem 97A

The theoretician says that the quarks exist in pairs. The up and down pairs of quark were detected through lot of experiments. First top quark was discovered in $1970s$ and then scientist proposed the existence for a bottom quark to balance the top quark.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

Quark is basically an important component of matter and it is an elementary particle. There exist a number of quarks such as top quark, down quark, up quark, bottom quark. The quark combine together to form a particle which are called as hadrons.

A proton is made up of two up quark and neutron is madeup oftwo down quark.

A quark is one of the smallest particles to be present in the nucleus. Quarks have the ability to change from one form to another the way protons change into neutrons. The top quark has a charge $+2/3$ of and the bottom quark has a charge of $-1/3$ which is the lightest.

Top quark is one of the biggest fundamental particle which is known.

Conclusion:

Hence, the theoretician says that the quarks exist in pairs and the up and down pairs of quark should exist.