Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 30.5, Problem 3TYK
Which scenario is most closely related to sugar loading and long-distance sugar transport in a plant?
- Dry air causes a suction effect that draws water from plant surfaces by evaporation.
- The uptake of mineral ions from moist soil causes water to oSmotically flow into a plant root.
- A long period of dry weather causes a desert plant to respond by losing its leaves.
- A tree with lush foliage is loaded with developing fruit.
- Cold, dry conditions cause air bubbles to form in vessels.
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Select the correct answer regarding cation exchange and plant mineral nutrition
cation exchange is necessary because negatively charged ions are stuck to inorganic particles of soil
cations are likely to leech out of the soil if there are drainage problems or flooding
hydrogen ions freely diffuse out of plant roots into soil
cation exchange works because plants substitute a strongly charged cation (H+) for required minerals
waste products from cellular respiration provide an energetically free (no ATP needed) mechanism to exchange cations
Approximately 10 percent of water within the atmosphere has been released by plants by transpiration. Which is the best method for measuring the transpiration rate within an individual plant?
A. Measure osmotic pressure within the guard cells to determine amount of time stomata are open.
B. Weigh the plant before and after a 24 hour period while accounting for evaporation from the soil.
C. Access the abiotic conditions and how the plant has adapted to its native environment.
D. Measure water loss by placing a plastic bag over a stem of the plant and subtracting the amount of water released into the bag from the amount of water within the soil.
Plants balance water loss against photosynthesis by controlling the opening of its stomata as a response to environmental conditions. Indicate the level of transpiration rate (low, medium, high) for the environmental conditions below and explain your answer.
Clear skies, hot, moist soil
Clear skies, hot, dry soil
Cloudy, hot dry soil
Chapter 30 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 30.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 30.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 30.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 30.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 30.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 30.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 30.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 30.3 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 30.4 - Prob. 1BCCh. 30.4 - Prob. 1TYK
Ch. 30.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 30.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 30.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 30.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 30.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 30.5 - Which scenario is most closely related to sugar...Ch. 30 - Which of the following can limit plant growth in...Ch. 30 - Prob. 2TYCh. 30 - Soil organic matter provides the benefit of...Ch. 30 - Prob. 4TYCh. 30 - Prob. 5TYCh. 30 - Prob. 6TYCh. 30 - Prob. 7TYCh. 30 - Prob. 8TYCh. 30 - Why is it a bad idea to overfertilize your...Ch. 30 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 30 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 30 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 30 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Briefly explain how water moves through a plant. Include how and why water moves through both xylem and phloem.arrow_forwardState ONE difference between the two pathways of water and mineral uptake in plants root.arrow_forwardWhich statement(s) is/are false? * A. A water potential lower than that of the soil draws water into the roots and a water potential lower than that of the stem draws water into the leaf. B. A water potential lower than that of the soil draws water into the roots and a water potential higher than that of the stem draws water into the leaf. C. Water potential and solute concentration increases from the roots to the top of the plant. D. Water enters the plant through the root hairs and exits through the lenticels and stomates. E. A and D F. B and Carrow_forward
- students are asked to pair a plant structure to its physiological function and give evidence for why that structure is important for the process they describe Anne The root hairs are used to pull in sugars available in the soil that give the plant energy for growth and reproduction Jamil : The phloem is needed for cellular respiration as transports the carbon dioxide the leaves in order to perform cellular respiration Shantal The cambium is important for photosynthesis because it allows water into the plant is needed as a reactant for photosynthesis Enrique The guard cells are needed during transpiration because they open and close to regulate the gases that enter and leave the plant student correctly described a plant structure and its physiological function?arrow_forwardIn plants, match the substances that the vascular tissues, xylem and phloem, each transport. 1. Phloem 2. Xylem 3. Xylem A. Water b. Sucrose c. Nutrientsarrow_forwardWhich the following statement is FALSE:?a. Relative water content is not a very sensitive index because leaves can show strong responses to <2% change in RWCb. Relative water content is not a very sensitive index because it gives no information about the forces for water movementc. Relative water content is equal the ratio of the mass of water in a given leaf over the mass of water when that leaf was fully saturatedd. Relative water content is equal the ratio of the mass of water in a dry leaf over the mass of water when that leaf was fully saturatedarrow_forward
- An important factor for plants is the amount of water lost for each molecule of carbon dioxide absorbed. How could he plant be harmed if it loses a lot of water for each carbon dioxide molecule, that is, if the ratio is too high?arrow_forwardThe process of bulk flow transports fluids in a plant. What are the two main bulk flow processes? * A. Movement of water up the xylem and movement of solutes up and down the phloem B. Movement of water up the phloem and movement of solutes up and down the xylem C. Movement of water up and down the xylem and movement of solutes up the phloem D. Movement of solutes up the xylem and movement of water up and down the phloem E. Movement of solutes down the phloem and movement of water up and down the xylem F. Movement of solutes down the phloem and movement of water up the xylemarrow_forwardWhat would enhance water uptake by a plant cell?(A) decreasing the Ψ of the surrounding solution(B) positive pressure on the surrounding solution(C) the loss of solutes from the cell(D) increasing the Ψ of the cytoplasmarrow_forward
- Compare the energy needs of a plant for the movement of water in the xylem according to the cohesion-tension model to the movement of phloem sap according to the pressure-flow model?arrow_forwardLeaf tissue with sunken stomata will have ___ humidity near the stomata and ___ transpiration. Select one: a. increased, decreased b. decreased, increased c. increased, increased d. decreased, decreasedarrow_forwardTo explain the increase in mass of the light-grown plants, identify one inorganic source of new plant mass and connect it to the cellular process underlying the increase in mass.arrow_forward
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