(a) Interpretation: The stepwise mechanism for the given reaction is to be drawn. Concept introduction: The removal of two substituents from a molecule either in one step or in two steps is called an elimination reaction. The general steps involved in acid catalyzed reaction are as follows: • First step is the protonation of alcohol group. • The second step is the removal of OH 2 group. • The third step is the deprotonation.

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 31, Problem 31.32P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The stepwise mechanism for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The removal of two substituents from a molecule either in one step or in two steps is called an elimination reaction.

The general steps involved in acid catalyzed reaction are as follows:

• First step is the protonation of alcohol group.

• The second step is the removal of OH2 group.

• The third step is the deprotonation.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The conversion of X into 16,17− dehydroprogesterone is to be shown.

Concept introduction: Ring-flipping converts equatorial bonds into axial bonds and axial bonds into equatorial bonds. The reduction of ketone into alcohol can be done by using reagent H2 in the presence of palladium.

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Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 31, Problem 31.32P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The stepwise mechanism for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The removal of two substituents from a molecule either in one step or in two steps is called an elimination reaction.

The general steps involved in acid catalyzed reaction are as follows:

• First step is the protonation of alcohol group.

• The second step is the removal of OH2 group.

• The third step is the deprotonation.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The conversion of X into 16,17− dehydroprogesterone is to be shown.

Concept introduction: Ring-flipping converts equatorial bonds into axial bonds and axial bonds into equatorial bonds. The reduction of ketone into alcohol can be done by using reagent H2 in the presence of palladium.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 31, Problem 31.32P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The stepwise mechanism for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The removal of two substituents from a molecule either in one step or in two steps is called an elimination reaction.

The general steps involved in acid catalyzed reaction are as follows:

• First step is the protonation of alcohol group.

• The second step is the removal of OH2 group.

• The third step is the deprotonation.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The conversion of X into 16,17− dehydroprogesterone is to be shown.

Concept introduction: Ring-flipping converts equatorial bonds into axial bonds and axial bonds into equatorial bonds. The reduction of ketone into alcohol can be done by using reagent H2 in the presence of palladium.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 31, Problem 31.32P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The stepwise mechanism for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The removal of two substituents from a molecule either in one step or in two steps is called an elimination reaction.

The general steps involved in acid catalyzed reaction are as follows:

• First step is the protonation of alcohol group.

• The second step is the removal of OH2 group.

• The third step is the deprotonation.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The conversion of X into 16,17− dehydroprogesterone is to be shown.

Concept introduction: Ring-flipping converts equatorial bonds into axial bonds and axial bonds into equatorial bonds. The reduction of ketone into alcohol can be done by using reagent H2 in the presence of palladium.

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Answer 5

Chapter 31, Problem 31.32P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The stepwise mechanism for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The removal of two substituents from a molecule either in one step or in two steps is called an elimination reaction.

The general steps involved in acid catalyzed reaction are as follows:

• First step is the protonation of alcohol group.

• The second step is the removal of OH2 group.

• The third step is the deprotonation.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The conversion of X into 16,17− dehydroprogesterone is to be shown.

Concept introduction: Ring-flipping converts equatorial bonds into axial bonds and axial bonds into equatorial bonds. The reduction of ketone into alcohol can be done by using reagent H2 in the presence of palladium.

Answer 6

Chapter 31, Problem 31.32P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The stepwise mechanism for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The removal of two substituents from a molecule either in one step or in two steps is called an elimination reaction.

The general steps involved in acid catalyzed reaction are as follows:

• First step is the protonation of alcohol group.

• The second step is the removal of OH2 group.

• The third step is the deprotonation.

Answer 7

Chapter 31, Problem 31.32P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The stepwise mechanism for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The removal of two substituents from a molecule either in one step or in two steps is called an elimination reaction.

The general steps involved in acid catalyzed reaction are as follows:

• First step is the protonation of alcohol group.

• The second step is the removal of OH2 group.

• The third step is the deprotonation.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The conversion of X into 16,17− dehydroprogesterone is to be shown.

Concept introduction: Ring-flipping converts equatorial bonds into axial bonds and axial bonds into equatorial bonds. The reduction of ketone into alcohol can be done by using reagent H2 in the presence of palladium.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The conversion of X into 16,17− dehydroprogesterone is to be shown.

Concept introduction: Ring-flipping converts equatorial bonds into axial bonds and axial bonds into equatorial bonds. The reduction of ketone into alcohol can be done by using reagent H2 in the presence of palladium.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 31 - Problem 31.1 One component of jojoba oil is a wax...Ch. 31 - Problem 31.2 How would you expect the melting...Ch. 31 - Problem 31.3 Draw the products formed when...Ch. 31 - Problem 31.4 The main fatty acid component of the...Ch. 31 - Prob. 31.5P Ch. 31 - Problem 31.6 Draw the structure of a lecithin...Ch. 31 - Prob. 31.7P Ch. 31 - Problem 31.8 Why are phospholipids, but not...Ch. 31 - Problem 31.9 Explain why regularly ingesting a...Ch. 31 - Problem 31.10 Locate the isoprene units in each...

Solution Summary: The author explains the steps involved in the acid catalyzed reaction, including protonation of hydroxyl group, elimination of water molecule, generation of new carbocation, and deprotonation.

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Chapter 31 Solutions