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- 2-59 You are presented with a Lewis dot structure of element X as X.. To which two groups in the Periodic Table might this element belong?arrow_forwardArrange the following in the order of increasing mass. (a) a potassium ion, K+ (b) a phosphorus molecule, P4 (c) a potassium atom (d) a platinum atomarrow_forward2-73 (Chemical Connections 2D) Copper is a soft metal. how can it be made harder?arrow_forward
- Write formulas for ionic compounds. (a) What is the formula of the ionic compound expected to form between the elements sodium and fluorine? (b) What is the formula of the compound formed between the ions Co²+ and SO₂²? (c) What ions make up the ionic compound Zn(CN)₂? Cation formula Anion formulaarrow_forwardChapter 2 3+ 2- + 2.62 Predict the chemical formulas of the compounds formed by the following pairs of ions: (a) Cr³+and Br, (b) Fe³+ and O², (c) Hg and CO (d) Ca and CIO, (e) NH and PO lon Ca2+ Fe 2+ A1³+ 2.64 Complete the table by filling in the formula for the ionic compound formed by each pair of cations and anions, as shown for the first pair. oz - NO3 SOA 504² 2- 3- Aso ASO4 04 + Na Na 2.66 Which of the following are ionic, and which are molecular? (a) PF (b) Nal, (c) SC, (d) Ca(NO₂) (e) FeCl (f) LaP, (g) COCO (h) ₂0 2.78 The oxides of nitrogen are very important components in urban air pollution. Name each of the following compounds: (a) NO, (b) NO, (c) NO₂ (d) N₂O (e) N04arrow_forwardAnswer true or false. (a) For Group 1A and Group 2A elements, the name of the ion each form is simply the name of the element followed by the word ion; for example, Mg21 is named magnesium ion. (b) H2 is named hydride ion. (c) The nucleus of H1 consists of one proton and one neutron. (d) Many transition and inner transition elements form more than one positively charged ion. (e) In naming metal cations with two different charges, the suffix -ous refers to the ion with a charge of 11 and -ic refers to the ion with a charge of 12. (f) Fe31 may be named either iron (III) ion or ferric ion. (g) The anion derived from a bromine atom is named bromine ion. (h) The anion derived from an oxygen atom is named oxide ion. (i) HCO3 2 is named hydrogen carbonate ion. (j) The prefix bi- in the name “bicarbonate” ion indicates that this ion has a charge of 22. (k) The hydrogen phosphate ion has a charge of 11, and the dihydrogen phosphate ion has a charge of 12. (l) The phosphate ion is PO3 42. (m)…arrow_forward
- Answer true or false. (a) The octet rule refers to the chemical bonding patterns of the first eight elements of the Periodic Table. (b) The octet rule refers to the tendency of certain elements to react in such a way that they achieve an outer shell of eight valence electrons. (c) In gaining electrons, an atom becomes a positively charged ion called a cation. (d) When an atom forms an ion, only the number of valence electrons changes; the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus does not change. (e) In forming ions, Group 2A elements typically lose two electrons to become cations with a charge of 12. (f) In forming an ion, a sodium atom (1s22s22p63s1) completes its valence shell by adding one electron to fill its 3s shell (1s22s22p63s2). (g) The elements of Group 6A typically react by ac- cepting two electrons to become anions with a charge of 22. (h) With the exception of hydrogen, the octet rule applies to all elements in periods 1, 2, and 3. (i) Atoms and the ions derived from…arrow_forwardAn oxygen atom has eight protons. (a) In the following diagram, sketch in the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus of the oxygen atom. (b) How many more electrons will it take to fill the outermost electron shell?arrow_forwardWilson’s disease is an inherited defect in copper metabolism in which copper accumulates in tissues, causing neurological problems and liver disease. The disease can be treated with compounds that bind to copper and thus remove it from the tissues. (a) How many protons and electrons are found in a neutral copper atom? (b) How many electrons and protons are found in the Cu + cation? (c) How many electrons and protons are found in the Cu 2 + cation? (d) Zinc acetate inhibits copper absorption, so it is used to treat Wilson’s disease. What is the chemical formula of zinc acetate?arrow_forward
- How many protons and electrons are present in each ion: (a) Ca 2 +; (b) O 2 −?arrow_forwardThe monatomic ions of Groups 1A(1) and 7A(17) are allsingly charged. In what major way do they differ? Why?arrow_forwardWrite the formulas of the following compounds:(a) rubidium bromide(b) magnesium selenide(c) sodium oxide(d) calcium chloride(e) hydrogen fluoride(f) gallium phosphide(g) aluminum bromide(h) ammonium sulfatearrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning