Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188138
Author: Peter H Raven, George B Johnson Professor, Kenneth A. Mason Dr. Ph.D., Jonathan Losos Dr., Susan Singer
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 32, Problem 6U
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Fungi form a symbiotic association with a number of organisms and the symbiosis can be either obligate (essential for survival) or facultative (not essential for survival of the
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Which of the following is NOT a unicelled organism?
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What is the term for the symbiotic association between fungi and cyanobacteria? a. lichen b. mycorrhizae c. epiphyte d. nitrogen-fixing nodule
Mycorrhizae
a. are a type of lichen.b. are mutualistic relationships.c. help plants gather solar energy.d. help plants gather inorganic nutrients.e. Both b and d are correct.
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- Which of the following statements is true regarding mycorrhizal relationships? a this relationship is a type of parasitism b bacteria partner with plant roots c fungi provide energy (ATP) for their partner d all glomeromycota are mycorrhizal fungi e no statements above are truearrow_forwardPlants cannot fix nitrogen, yet some plants do NOT need nitrogen from the soil. This is because a. of a symbiotic association with a bacterium that can fix nitrogen. b. these plants are the exceptions that can fix nitrogen. c. they have been infected by a parasitic virus that can fix nitrogen. d. they are able to obtain nitrogen from the air.arrow_forwardThe greatest difference in health between two groups of plantsof the same species, one group with mycorrhizae and one groupwithout mycorrhizae, would be in an environment(A) where nitrogen-fixing bacteria are abundant.(B) that has soil with poor drainage.(C) that has hot summers and cold winters.(D) in which the soil is relatively deficient in mineral nutrientsarrow_forward
- Mycorrhizae Select one: A. Help plants gather solar energy. B. Help plants gather organic nutrients. C. Are a type of lichen. D. Are mutualistic relationships.arrow_forwardMutualistic associations between fungi and the roots of plants are called (a) lichens (b) mycorrhizae (c) pathogenic associations (d) parasitic haustoria (e) mycotoxic symbiosesarrow_forwardCould anyone explain how the logging practice of cutting the largest trees in the forest would have on the health of the ecosystem. Talking on a plant and fungi relationship level. Thanks!arrow_forward
- Most fungi obtain nutrients from_____ . a. nonliving organic matter c. living animals b. living plants d. photosynthesisarrow_forwardThe targets for anti-fungal drugs are much more limited than antibiotics or anti-viral medications. Why? a. There are more bacteria and viruses than fungi. b. Fungi can only be targeted during sexual reproduction, while bacteria and viruses can be targeted at any point in their lifespan. c. Fungi cause topical infections, while viruses and bacteria cause systemic infections. d. Human cells are much more similar to fungi cells than bacteria or viruses.arrow_forwardFungi mutualistic relationships include all the once below except A. Endophytes in leaves produce toxins that deter herbivores B. Fungi help break down wood in the guts of termites C. Fungi help break down plant material in the guts of grazing mammals D. Fungi help plants by providing them organic compoundsarrow_forward
- Which statement below is true about the most recently evolved groups (2 groups) of fungi? a the two most recently evolved groups are zygomycetes and ascomycetes b they have hyphae with crosswalls c they are only found in aquatic environmentsarrow_forwardPlastids that are surrounded by more than twomembranes are evidence of(A) evolution from mitochondria.(B) fusion of plastids.(C) origin of the plastids from archaea.(D) secondary endosymbiosis.arrow_forwardIn the early 1800s, potatoes became the main food staple for the people of Ireland. In 1845, a fungus native to South America, Phytophthora infestans, began to infect potato plants, causing potato blight and making the tubers inedible. Over the next several years, most of the potato plants in the country were destroyed by this invasive species. Which of the following statements correctly explains why the Irish potato famine occurred? A - The arrival of ships from South America led to human introduction of the disease. B - A drought across Ireland in 1844 led to more damaged potato plants that were susceptible to infection. C - An increase in trade with other European countries led to the introduction of plants that were already infected with the fungus. D - Ireland’s climate became closer to that of South America, which allowed the fungus to infect potato plants and reproduce.arrow_forward
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