Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780136139225
Author: Douglas C. Giancoli
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Chapter 37, Problem 64P
To determine
The energy-level diagram for doubly ionized lithium,
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(II) For each of the following atomic transitions, state
whether the transition is allowed or forbidden, and why:
(a) 4p → 3p; (b) 3p → 1s; (c) 4d → 2d; (d) 5d → 3s;
(e) 4s → 2p.
(a) Determine the wavelength of the second Balmerline (n=4 to n=2 transition) using Fig. 27–29. Determine likewise (b) the wavelength of the second Lyman line and (c) the wavelength of the third Balmer line.
(4) Electronic energy level of a hydrogen atom is given by
R
; п %3D 1,2, 3,...
n2
E = -
and R = 13.6 eV. Each energy level has degeneracy 2n2 (degeneracy is the number of equivalent
configurations associated with the energy level).
(a) Derive the partition function for a hydrogen atom at a constant temperature.
(b) Consider that the energy level of a hydrogen atom is approximated by a two level system,
n = 1,2. Estimate the mean energy at 300 K.
Chapter 37 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
Ch. 37.2 - Prob. 1AECh. 37.2 - Prob. 1BECh. 37.4 - Prob. 1CECh. 37.7 - Prob. 1DECh. 37.7 - Prob. 1EECh. 37.11 - Prob. 1FECh. 37 - Prob. 1QCh. 37 - Prob. 2QCh. 37 - Prob. 3QCh. 37 - Prob. 4Q
Ch. 37 - Prob. 5QCh. 37 - Prob. 6QCh. 37 - Prob. 7QCh. 37 - Prob. 8QCh. 37 - Prob. 9QCh. 37 - Prob. 10QCh. 37 - Prob. 11QCh. 37 - Prob. 12QCh. 37 - Prob. 13QCh. 37 - Prob. 14QCh. 37 - Prob. 15QCh. 37 - Prob. 16QCh. 37 - Prob. 17QCh. 37 - Prob. 18QCh. 37 - Prob. 19QCh. 37 - Prob. 20QCh. 37 - Prob. 21QCh. 37 - Prob. 22QCh. 37 - Prob. 23QCh. 37 - Prob. 24QCh. 37 - Prob. 25QCh. 37 - Prob. 26QCh. 37 - Prob. 27QCh. 37 - Prob. 28QCh. 37 - Prob. 1PCh. 37 - Prob. 2PCh. 37 - Prob. 3PCh. 37 - Prob. 4PCh. 37 - Prob. 5PCh. 37 - Prob. 6PCh. 37 - Prob. 7PCh. 37 - Prob. 8PCh. 37 - Prob. 9PCh. 37 - Prob. 10PCh. 37 - Prob. 11PCh. 37 - Prob. 12PCh. 37 - Prob. 13PCh. 37 - Prob. 14PCh. 37 - Prob. 15PCh. 37 - Prob. 16PCh. 37 - Prob. 17PCh. 37 - Prob. 18PCh. 37 - Prob. 19PCh. 37 - Prob. 20PCh. 37 - Prob. 21PCh. 37 - Prob. 22PCh. 37 - Prob. 23PCh. 37 - Prob. 24PCh. 37 - Prob. 25PCh. 37 - Prob. 26PCh. 37 - Prob. 27PCh. 37 - Prob. 28PCh. 37 - Prob. 29PCh. 37 - Prob. 30PCh. 37 - Prob. 31PCh. 37 - Prob. 32PCh. 37 - Prob. 33PCh. 37 - Prob. 34PCh. 37 - Prob. 35PCh. 37 - Prob. 36PCh. 37 - Prob. 37PCh. 37 - Prob. 38PCh. 37 - Prob. 39PCh. 37 - Prob. 40PCh. 37 - Prob. 41PCh. 37 - Prob. 42PCh. 37 - Prob. 43PCh. 37 - Prob. 44PCh. 37 - Prob. 45PCh. 37 - Prob. 46PCh. 37 - Prob. 47PCh. 37 - Prob. 48PCh. 37 - Prob. 49PCh. 37 - Prob. 50PCh. 37 - Prob. 51PCh. 37 - Prob. 52PCh. 37 - Prob. 53PCh. 37 - Prob. 54PCh. 37 - Prob. 55PCh. 37 - Prob. 56PCh. 37 - Prob. 57PCh. 37 - Prob. 58PCh. 37 - Prob. 59PCh. 37 - Prob. 60PCh. 37 - Prob. 61PCh. 37 - Prob. 62PCh. 37 - Prob. 63PCh. 37 - Prob. 64PCh. 37 - Prob. 65PCh. 37 - Prob. 66PCh. 37 - Prob. 67PCh. 37 - Prob. 68PCh. 37 - Prob. 69PCh. 37 - Prob. 70PCh. 37 - Prob. 71PCh. 37 - Prob. 72GPCh. 37 - Prob. 73GPCh. 37 - Prob. 74GPCh. 37 - Prob. 75GPCh. 37 - Prob. 76GPCh. 37 - Prob. 77GPCh. 37 - Prob. 78GPCh. 37 - Prob. 79GPCh. 37 - Prob. 80GPCh. 37 - Prob. 81GPCh. 37 - Prob. 82GPCh. 37 - Prob. 83GPCh. 37 - Prob. 84GPCh. 37 - Prob. 85GPCh. 37 - Prob. 86GPCh. 37 - Prob. 87GPCh. 37 - Prob. 88GPCh. 37 - Prob. 89GPCh. 37 - Prob. 90GPCh. 37 - Prob. 91GPCh. 37 - Prob. 92GPCh. 37 - Prob. 93GPCh. 37 - Show that the wavelength of a particle of mass m...Ch. 37 - Prob. 95GPCh. 37 - Prob. 96GPCh. 37 - Prob. 97GPCh. 37 - Prob. 98GPCh. 37 - Prob. 99GPCh. 37 - Prob. 100GP
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- (i) Using Bohr model for atomic hydrogen, obtain energy levels for the 2s, 3s and 3p states in the actual number with the unit of [eV]. We consider a transition that electron in the 3p state emits a photon and make a transition to the 2s state. What is the frequency v of this photon ? (ii) Now we do not include electron spin angular momentum, and just estimate an effect of a magnetic field B on this transition (Normal Zeeman effect) with orbital angular momentum. How many lines of optical transition do we expect ? What is the interval of the frequency in the field B = 0.1 Tesla ? (iii) In this situation, we do not expect transition from 3s to 2s state if the electron is initially in the 3s state, Explain the reason. (iv) We now consider an effect of magnetic field B to a free electron spin (not in Hydrogen, but a free electron). The magnetic field of B = 1.0 Tesla will split the energy level into two (Zeeman) levels. Obtain the level difference in the unit of [eV] from the value of…arrow_forwardThe second longest wavelength in the Paschen series inhydrogen (Fig. 27–29) corresponds to what transition?arrow_forward(4) Derive the formula of mobility. Calculate the velocity of holes in a p-type of germanium due to its thermal energy at 77 K and due to the application of 4000 V/cm electric field across the piece of germanium.arrow_forward
- (i) Using Bohr model for atomic hydrogen, obtain energy levels for the 2s, 3s and 3p states in theactual number with the unit of [eV]. We consider a transition that electron in the 3p state emitsa photon and make a transition to the 2s state. What is the frequency ν of this photon ?(ii) Now we do not include electron spin angular momentum, and just estimate an effect of amagnetic field B on this transition (Normal Zeeman effect) with orbital angular momentum.How many lines of optical transition do we expect ? What is the interval of the frequency in thefield B = 0.1 Tesla ?(iii) In this situation, we do not expect transition from 3s to 2s state if the electron is initially in the3s state, Explain the reason.(iv) We now consider an effect of magnetic field B to a free electron spin (not in Hydrogen, but afree electron). The magnetic field of B = 1.0 Tesla will split the energy level into two (Zeeman)levels. Obtain the level difference in the unit of [eV] from the value of magnetic…arrow_forwardi) Consider the anomalous Zeeman pattern of D1 and D2 lines of sodium. Calculate the frequency of the component of D₁ line corresponding to Am, = +1 where Am, = m - m (Double prime represent lower state).arrow_forwardAnswer Q(i), (ii) & (iii) explaining detailly each steparrow_forward
- . (II) Estimate the wavelength for an n = 3 to n = 2 transition in iron (Z = 26).arrow_forward(c) Explain the phenomenon of stimulated emission in LASER.arrow_forward(a) The Lyman series in hydrogen is the transition from energy levels n = 2, 3, 4, ... to the ground state n = 1. The energy levels are given by 13.60 eV En n- (i) What is the second longest wavelength in nm of the Lyman series? (ii) What is the series limit of the Lyman series? [1 eV = 1.602 x 1019 J, h = 6.626 × 10-34 J.s, c = 3 × 10° m.s] %3D Two emission lines have wavelengts A and + A2, respectively, where AA <<2. Show that the angular separation A0 in a grating spectrometer is given aproximately by (b) A0 = V(d/m)-2 where d is the grating constant and m is the order at which the lines are observed.arrow_forward
- (2) Determine, the shortest and longest wavelengths of the Balmer series of hydrogen. = 1.097 x 107m-1) (RH Answerarrow_forwardThe Lyman series comprises a set of spectral lines. All of these lines involve a hydrogen atom whose electron undergoes a change in energy level, either beginning at the n = 1 level (in the case of an absorption line) or ending there (an emission line). The inverse wavelengths for the Lyman series in hydrogen are given by 1 - where n = 2, 3, 4, ... and the Rydberg constant R, = 1.097 x 10' m-. (Round your answers to at least one decimal place. Enter your answers in nm.) %3D (a) Compute the wavelength for the first line in this series (the line corresponding to n = 2). nm (b) Compute the wavelength for the second line in this series (the line corresponding to n = 3). nm (c) Compute the wavelength for the third line in this series (the line corresponding to n = 4). nm (d) In which part of the electromagnetic spectrum do these three lines reside? O x-ray region O ultraviolet region O infrared region O gamma ray region O visible light regionarrow_forward(4) Electronic energy level of a hydrogen atom is given by R E ; n = n2 1, 2, 3,... and R = 13.6 eV. Each energy level has degeneracy 2n² (degeneracy is the number of equivalent configurations associated with the energy level). (a) Calculate the partition function Z for a hydrogen atom at a constant temperature. (b) Let us consider that the energy level of a hydrogen atom is approximated by a two level system, n = 1,2. Estimate the mean energy at 300 K.arrow_forward
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