CAMPBELL'S BIOLOGY 12E PERUSALL
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135858080
Author: Urry
Publisher: PERUSALL
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Chapter 38, Problem 10TYU
Summary Introduction
To explain: The response against genetically modified food critics.
Concept introduction: Genetically modified foods have been made by scientist by introducing certain changes in the DNA or genome of crop plants by using genetic engineering. It is very different from breeding because in this instead of getting random genes, scientists put a desired gene directly into the plant’s DNA.
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In October 2002, the government of the African nation of Zambia announced that it was refusing to distribute 15,000 tons of corn donated by the United States, enough corn to feed 2.5 million Zambians for three weeks. The government rejected the corn because it was likely to contain genetically modified kernels. The government made the decision after its scientific advisers concluded that the studies of the health risks posed by GM crops “are inconclusive.” Do you agree with Zambia’s decision to turn away the corn? Why or why not? In your answer, consider that at the time, Zambia was facing food shortages, and 35,000 Zambians were expected to starve to death over the next six months. How do the risks posed by GM crops compare to the risk of starvation?
Genetic engineering has been a debatable topic in science as many people are only aware of its risk than benefits. Which among the scenarios below are the benefits of using GMOs?
I. Genetic engineering in food can be used to alter genes in crops leading to new diseases in pants.
II. Genetic engineering in crops such as rice, corn and tomato can be used to obtain new strains with better nutritional qualities.
III. Genetic engineering in food can be used to create totally the same substances such as proteins and other food nutrients.
IV. Genetic engineering can be used to increase the immunity to diseases in plants leading to uncontrolled transfer of the resistance genes to the harmful pathogens.
V. Genetic engineering can restrict the diversity in organisms.
VI. Genetic engineering can be used to suppress negative traits in human like certain genetic diseases.
a.
II, III, IV and VI
b.
II, III and VI
c.
I, II, IV and V
d.
I, III,…
this is an example of biotechnology: In order to increase the yield of oil from canola, research focused on ways to reduce competition from competitor weed plants. Weeds can be controlled by spraying with a herbicide that interferes with biological processes, like amino acid anabolic reactions, in the plant cells. A mutant of canola that is resistant to herbicides is sometimes grown in fields that are sprayed with the herbicide. The majority of canola in Canada, though, is genetically modified to be resistant to herbicides. also use the link: https://youtu.be/VS3kcwgIwm0
Question:
Evaluating Biotechnologies in Food Systems
As we practice being able to describe choices in Biology you will use this consolidation task to organize details about the advantages and disadvantages of biotechnologies. In an ideal world, all solutions to improving our food system would have no negative consequences. But issues in Biology involve the interaction of many different factors and changes in one…
Chapter 38 Solutions
CAMPBELL'S BIOLOGY 12E PERUSALL
Ch. 38.1 - Distinguish between pollination and fertilization.Ch. 38.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 38.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Does the life cycle of humans...Ch. 38.2 - What are three ways that flowering plants avoid...Ch. 38.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 38.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 38.3 - Compare traditional plant-breeding methods with...Ch. 38.3 - Why does Bt maize have less fumonisin than non-GM...Ch. 38.3 - WHAT IF? In a few species, chloroplast genes are...Ch. 38 - What changes occur to the four types of floral...
Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.2CRCh. 38 - Prob. 38.3CRCh. 38 - A fruit is (A) a mature ovary. (B) a mature ovule....Ch. 38 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 38 - Double fertilization means that (A) flowers must...Ch. 38 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 38 - The black dots that cover strawberries are...Ch. 38 - DRAW IT Draw and label the parts of a flower.Ch. 38 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 38 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Humans have...Ch. 38 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay...Ch. 38 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This colorized SEM shows...
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- Genetic engineering is a process causes the production of GMOs ( Genetically Modified Organisms) due to the ideas of biologists. The presence of the products contributes the division of the society in relation to GMOs effects. TASK: You serve as a genetic engineer, if you are given a chance what GMO would you like to produce? What to do: Give a name of your GMO Illustrate and/or describe your GMO List all the possible pros and consarrow_forwardUnlike genetically modified organisms (GMOs), synthetic organic substances have not met too much opposition, although the production of both require human intervention and manipulation of natural substances. Why do you think the synthesizing of organic substances is readily accepted by society in general whereas the mention of GMOs immediately raises concerns?arrow_forwardBT corn is toxic only when eaten by plant pests like European corn borer/Lepidopteran larvae which is not evident to have a toxic effect when consumed by humans. Based from the statement, what do you think is one of the properties of GMO (Genetically Modified Organism)? a.Genetic engineering provides quality organisms for practical use. b. GMOs provide an enhanced nutrient-based content for consumers like herbivores., c.Transgenic organisms are always harmful when consumed by humans. d. The toxicity of some GMOs is selective only to certain type of organisms.arrow_forward
- Okay, maybe GMOs have decent uses but it can't all be good. I've heard all of the following about GMOs. Which ones are realistic concerns? select all that applys a)Some GMO are patented and farmers must buy seeds every year rather than saving them from their crops. b)GMO's cause allergies at a greater rate than crops produced by cross-breeding. c)Inserted genes produce amino acids not found in nature. d)Inserted genes may escape into wild plants near farmed fields.arrow_forwardA. Hank is going to talk about Gene Guns and Agrobacterium which I will discuss in a video lecture next week. B. How long does it take to develop and bring a GMO crop to market? C. What are some of the drawbacks to GE organisms? D.One of the interviewees is a woman in bright pink t-shirt and she is trying to describe drawbacks to GMOs. While not a cogent argument, I think there is an important point that she is trying to make. Do you know what she is trying to say?arrow_forwardYou are working with E. coli, studying its metabolism. Your normal lab strain of E. coli can grow using any 6-carbon sugar (glucose, fructose, etc) as its sole carbon and energy source. Recently you have generated a mutant of your E. coli that cannot grow on fructose as its sole carbon and energy source. It can still grow using glucose or other 6-carbon sugars as a sole carbon and energy source. What is the most likely hypothesis for what single gene has been mutated in your new E. coli strain? The fructose transporter Phosphoglucose isomerase (converts glucose 6p to fructose 6pl OPhosphofructokinase (converts Fructose-6p to fructose 1.6pl The glucose transporterarrow_forward
- Select the correct statement with respect to genetically modified food: O a. they can be of great nutritional benefit O b. genetic modification has always occurred in nature O c. most of the foods we consume at our dinner tables contain the results of genetic engineering O d. all of the abovearrow_forwardA. What is UG-99? B. Why was Norman Borlaug awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace? C. What were scientists predicting in the 1950s and 1960s? D. What are some criticisms of modern agriculture?arrow_forwardGenetically modified foods are products produced from organisms that have had changes introduced into their DNA using the methods of genetic engineering. Golden rice, Hawaiian papaya, Bt-corn are products of this technology. Discuss the advantages of these three genetically modified crops. ....arrow_forward
- Read this paragraph from a passage. However, not everyone is convinced that genetically modified foods are beneficial. Opponents say that too little research has been done on the effects of GMOs on humans and on the environment. They argue that GMOs could be creating new poisons. They are also concerned about what might happen if genetically modified plants breed with wild plants. Some farmers are concerned about the possibility of inadvertently crossbreeding GMO plants with non-GMO plants. For example, if the pollen from a GMO plant blows into their organic field, now that organic crop could become a GMO crop. The possibility also exists that all this interbreeding could lead to new strains of herbicide-resistant super-weeds. What is the topic sentence of this paragraph?arrow_forwardImproving the nutritional value of food has long been one of the goals in agricultural genetics. Crossing different strains of plants and animals followed by generations of artificial selection have yielded some successes, including the development of high-protein maize. The use of gene transfer biotechnology has led to other advances, including the creation of nutritionally enhanced rice to combat vitamin A deficiency and blindness. Researchers are now turning their attention to the nutritional enhancement of animals that are used as food. Scientists are now turning their attention to using gene transfer technology to nutritionally enhance animal foods. Recently, biotechnology was used to produce a sheep with increased amounts of an omega-3 essential fatty acid that plays an important role in the development of the nervous system and, in adults, reduces the risk of coronary artery disease. Once a small number of transgenic animals have been produced, they can be bred by conventional methods to establish a source of nutritionally enhanced meat and milk. The use of biotechnology is presenting consumers with many new choices, which will become more common in the future. Increasingly, we will all have to educate ourselves about the pros and cons of such decisions. On the other hand, how would you explain your preference for meat from animals without higher levels of beneficial fatty acids?arrow_forwardImproving the nutritional value of food has long been one of the goals in agricultural genetics. Crossing different strains of plants and animals followed by generations of artificial selection have yielded some successes, including the development of high-protein maize. The use of gene transfer biotechnology has led to other advances, including the creation of nutritionally enhanced rice to combat vitamin A deficiency and blindness. Researchers are now turning their attention to the nutritional enhancement of animals that are used as food. Scientists are now turning their attention to using gene transfer technology to nutritionally enhance animal foods. Recently, biotechnology was used to produce a sheep with increased amounts of an omega-3 essential fatty acid that plays an important role in the development of the nervous system and, in adults, reduces the risk of coronary artery disease. Once a small number of transgenic animals have been produced, they can be bred by conventional methods to establish a source of nutritionally enhanced meat and milk. The use of biotechnology is presenting consumers with many new choices, which will become more common in the future. Increasingly, we will all have to educate ourselves about the pros and cons of such decisions. How would you explain your decision to eat nutritionally enhanced meat from animals modified by biotechnology?arrow_forward
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