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Concept explainers
A plant line with reduced fertility comes to the attention of a plant breeder who observes that seed pods often contain a mixture of viable seeds that can be planted to produce new plants, and withered seeds that cannot be sprouted. The breeder examines numerous seed pods in the reduced fertility line and counts
a. What single-gene mechanism best explains the breeder’s observation?
b. Propose an additional experiment to test the genetic mechanism you propose. If your hypothesis is correct, what experimental outcome do you predict?
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach Plus Mastering Genetics with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (3rd Edition) (What's New in Genetics)
- As a biologist, you complete a test cross between fly offspring to gain information about how two genes interact. You find that 20% of these test cross offspring are parental types and 80% are recombinant types. Which of the following is true based on these results? a. The alleles of the genes in question did not go through independent assortment b. The genes in question are likely located on different chromosomes c. There is a 100% frequency of recombination in this test cross d. Most of the test cross offspring look like their parentsarrow_forward1. Mendel obtained his initial pea plant varieties from local breeders who were developing new varieties that might be useful or interesting. To generate these new varieties, breeders formed hybrids between existing varieties of different phenotypic characteristics by cross pollination, using techniques they doubtless taught to Mendel. After producing a hybrid, they allowed several generations of self-pollination, as happens naturally if the flowers are not disturbed. a. How many generations would it take for a breeder to have produced new pure-breeding varieties using this approach? iv. What is the probability that an individual in each of these generations (F2, F3, and F10) would be homozygous for one or the other allele of this gene? [Broad hint: if they’re not heterozygous, they’re homozygous!]arrow_forwardWhat is/are the phenotypes of the recombinant offspring of the F2generation?a. red eyes, long wingsb. white eyes, miniature wingsc. red eyes, long wings and white eyes, miniature wingsd. red eyes, miniature wings and white eyes, long wings [Answer the multiple-choice questions based on the following experiment:P generation: True-breeding flies with red eyes and long wings werecrossed to flies with white eyes and miniature wings. All F1 offspringhad red eyes and long wings.The F1 female flies were then crossed to males with white eyes and miniaturewings. The following results were obtained for the F2 generation:129 red eyes, long wings133 white eyes, miniature wings71 red eyes, miniature wings67 white eyes, long wings]arrow_forward
- a) You are studying cushion plants in New Zealand: the wild-type cushion plan has a wide canopy. You obtain eight cushion plants that all have narrow canopies caused by a single autosomal recessive mutation. To determine how many genes are defined by these mutations, you mate the plants together and get the results shown in the complementation table below. The “–“ represents plants with narrow canopies and the “+” represents wide canopies. What will the offspring of a cross between plants A and F look like? b) Based on the above, how many different genes are defined by the 8 mutant strains?arrow_forwardSuppose that in barley plants, the allele for tall stalks is dominant over short stalks and the allele for wide leaves is dominant over thin leaves. What would be the best way to determine the genotype of a barley plant with a tall stalk and wide leaves? Choose 1 answer: A.Perform a testcross with a barley plant that has a tall stalk and thin leaves. B.Perform a testcross with a known heterozygous barley plant . C. Perform a testcross with a barley plant that has a short stalk and thin leaves. D. Perform a testcross with a barley plant that has a tall stalk and wide leaves.arrow_forwardA. What is the wild progenitor of maize and where is it found? B. George Beadle concluded that this plant was the likely ancestor of maize (corn) even though the two plants appear very different. What evidence did Dr. Beadle collect that led to his conclusion? C. How long ago was maize domesticated and what evidence was utilized to determine this? D. Dr. Doebley and his team compared the DNA sequence of maize to that of a number of teosinte varieties from throughout Mexico. What did their analysis reveal?arrow_forward
- Imagine we have two lines of maize that produce different numbers of kernels. Type A- bb produces 80 kernels and type aa B- produces 20 kernels (Note, I am not a farmer and these numbers are arbitrary). Upon generating a line with both alleles from the two genes (A- B-), how would we describe the relationship between the A and B genes if this line produced x number of kernels? a. x = 10 b. x = 120 C. X = 100 d. When examining quantitative traits, how is epistasis defined?arrow_forwardWhat is mutation? Explain the significance of mutation in plant breeding. Give an example of a disease resistant variety of cultivated plant induced by mutation.arrow_forwardA study of three generations in a family of a male colleague of the authors indicated that many of the man's blood relatives had died of cardiovascular accidents and coronary heart disease. Others died of other causes but were affected by high blood pressure. What are the implications of this information for the man in question? b. What information and help might a genetic counselor provide?arrow_forward
- The normal color of snapdragons is red. Some pure lines showing the variations of flower color have been found. When these lines were crossed, they gave the results attached. A. From the data given, determine if alleles of one, two, or three genes are generating these traits and why? B. Define the results of cross #5 with gene symbols and a complete explanation of ratios and any relevant genetic terms.arrow_forwardPedigree Analysis Is a Basic Method in Human Genetics Using the pedigree provided, answer the following questions. a. Is the proband male or female? b. Is the grandfather of the proband affected? c. How many siblings does the proband have, and where is he or she in the birth order?arrow_forwardConsider the first category of test-cross offspring shown in figure 8.2 (+b, LS). Consider also that the parents of the heterozygous female flies in the test cross had the following genotypes: bb, SS, and +, LL. A. What would be the physical phenotype of these flies? B. If PC was conducted with the DNA of one of these flies using the primers for the molecular marker, what would be the appearance of the bands on an electrophoresis gel with the PC products? C. If the gene for black body and the locus for the molecular marker (L long or S short) were unlinked, what proportion of the test-cross progeny would be black flies that are heterozygous for the molecular marker? What proportion would be flies with normal body color, which are homozygous for one form of the molecular marker? D. If the gene for black body and the locus for the molecular marker were linked, how would the proportion of flies be different?arrow_forward
- Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
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