Cash basis of accounting
Cash basis of accounting refers to the recognition of financial transactions only when the cash is received or paid.
Fiscal year
The fiscal year refers to the accounting period of 1 year, which may not be the usual calendar year (starts from January, 1 to December, 31), used by the business entities for accounting purpose. This fiscal year varies differently for different countries.
The revenue recognition principle
The revenue recognition principle refers to the revenue that should be recognized in the time period, when the performance obligation (sales or services) of the company is completed.
The expense recognition principle
The expense recognition principle refers to the expenses that should match with revenue (matching principle) in the period when the company incurred expenses in order to generate the revenue.
To match: The given concepts with the descriptions.
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- Identify whether each of the following transactions, which are related to expense recognition, are accrual, deferral, or neither. A. paid an expense for the current month B. prepaid an expense for future months C. made a payment to reduce accounts payable D. incurred a current-month expense, to be paid next montharrow_forwardRead each definition below and write the number of the definition in the blank beside the appropriate term. The quiz solutions appear at the end of the chapter. Recognition Historical cost Current value Cash basis Accrual basis Revenues Revenue recognition principle Matching principle Expenses Adjusting entries Straight-line method Contra account Deferral Deferred expense Deferred revenue Accrual Accrued liability Accrued asset Accounting cycle Work sheet Real accounts Nominal accounts Closing entries Interim statements A device used at the end of the period to gather the information needed to prepare financial statements without actually recording and posting adjusting entries. Inflows of assets or settlements of liabilities from delivering or producing goods, rendering services, or conducting other activities. Journal entries made at the end of a period by a company using the accrual basis of accounting. Journal entries made at the end of the period to return the balance in all nominal accounts to zero and transfer the net income or loss and the dividends to Retained Earnings. A liability resulting from the receipt of cash before the recognition of revenue. The name given to balance sheet accounts because they are permanent and are not closed at the end of the period. An asset resulting from the recognition of a revenue before the receipt of cash. The amount of cash or its equivalent that could be received by selling an asset currently. The assignment of an equal amount of depreciation to each period. Cash has been paid or received but expense or revenue has not yet been recognized. A system of accounting in which revenues are recognized when a performance obligation is satisfied and expenses are recognized when incurred. Cash has not yet been paid or received but expense has been incurred or revenue recognized. Financial statements prepared monthly, quarterly, or at other intervals less than a year in duration. Revenues are recognized in the income statement when a performance obligation is satisfied. The process of recording an item in the financial statements as an asset, a liability, a revenue, an expense, or the like. An asset resulting from the payment of cash before the incurrence of expense. The name given to revenue, expense, and dividend accounts because they are temporary and are closed at the end of the period. A system of accounting in which revenues are recognized when cash is received and expenses are recognized when cash is paid. A liability resulting from the recognition of an expense before the payment of cash. The association of revenue of a period with all of the costs necessary to generate that revenue. An account with a balance that is opposite that of a related account. The amount paid for an asset and used as a basis for recognizing it on the balance sheet and carrying it on later balance sheets. Outflows of assets or incurrences of liabilities resulting from delivering goods, rendering services, or carrying out other activities. A series of steps performed each period and culminating with the preparation of a set of financial statements.arrow_forwardIdentify whether each of the following transactions, which are related to revenue recognition, are accrual, deferral, or neither. A. provided legal services to client, who paid at the time of service B. received cash for legal services performed last month C. received cash from clients for future services to be provided D. provided legal services to client, to be collected next montharrow_forward
- Considering the following events, determine which month the revenue or expenses would be recorded using the accounting method specified. a. Gerber Company uses the cash basis of accounting. Gerber prepays cash in May for insurance that only covers the following month, (June). b. Matthews and Dudley Attorneys uses the accrual basis of accounting. Matthews and Dudley Attorneys receives cash from customers in June for services to be performed in July. c. Eckstein Company uses the accrual basis of accounting. Eckstein prepays cash in October for rent that covers the following month, (October). d. Gerbino Company uses the cash basis of accounting. Gerbino makes a sale to a customer in February but does not expect payment until March.arrow_forwardIdentify which of the following accounts would be listed on the companys Post-Closing Trial Balance. A. Accounts Receivable B. Accumulated Depreciation C. Cash D. Office Expense E. Note Payable F. Rent Revenue G. Retained Earnings H. Unearned Rent Revenuearrow_forwardFor each of the following accounts, identify whether it is nominal/temporary or real/permanent, and whether it is reported on the Balance Sheet or the Income Statement. A. Interest Expense B. Buildings C. Interest Payable D. Unearned Rent Revenuearrow_forward
- Which account would be credited when closing the account for fees earned for the year? A. Accounts Receivable B. Fees Earned Revenue C. Unearned Fee Revenue D. Income Summaryarrow_forwardThe following data (in millions) are taken from the financial statements of Target Corporation: a. For Target Corporation, determine the amount of change in millions and the percent of change (round to one decimal place) from the prior year to the recent year for: 1. Revenue 2. Operating expenses 3. Operating income b. What conclusions can you draw from your analysis of the revenue and the total operating expenses?arrow_forwardFor each of the following accounts, identify in which section of the classified balance sheet it would be presented: current assets, property, intangibles, other assets, current liabilities, long-term liabilities, or stockholders equity. A. Building B. Cash C. Common Stock D. Copyright E. Prepaid Advertising F. Notes Payable (due six months later) G. Taxes Payable H. Unearned Rent Revenuearrow_forward
- FedEx Corporation had the following revenue and expense account balances (in millions) for a recent year ending May 31: a.Prepare an income statement. b.Compare your income statement with the income statement that is available at the FedEx Corporation Web site, (http://investors.fedex.com). Click on Annual Report and Download Annual Report. What similarities and differences do you see?arrow_forwardFor each of the following accounts, identify whether it would be closed at year-end (yes or no) and on which financial statement the account would be reported (Balance Sheet, Income Statement, or Retained Earnings Statement). A. Retained Earnings B. Prepaid Rent C. Rent Expense D. Rent Revenue E. Salaries Expense F. Salaries Payable G. Supplies Expense H. Unearned Rent Revenuearrow_forwardFor each of the following accounts, identify whether it would be closed at year-end (yes or no) and on which financial statement the account would be reported (Balance Sheet, Income Statement, or Retained Earnings Statement). A. Accounts Payable B. Accounts Receivable C. Cash D. Dividends E. Fees Earned Revenue F. Insurance Expense G. Prepaid Insurance H. Suppliesarrow_forward
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