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Chickens with an average mass of 1.7 kg
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Heat and Mass Transfer: Fundamentals and Applications
- A cylindrical fuel rod of 2 cm in diameter is encased in a concentric tube and cooled by water. The fuel generates heat uniformly at a rate of 150 MW/m3. The convection heat transfer coefficient on the fuel rod is 5000 W/m2∙K, and the average temperature of the cooling water, sufficiently far from the fuel rod, is 70°C. Determine the surface temperature of the fuel rod and discuss whether the value of the given convection heat transfer coefficient on the fuel rod is reasonable.arrow_forwardConsider hotdog being cooked in boiling water in a pan. Would the heat transfer be modeled as one-dimensional or two-dimensional? Would the heat transfer be steady or transient? Explain.arrow_forwardDuring a picnic on a hot summer day, the only available drinks were those at the ambient temperature of 90°F. In an effort to cool a 12-fluid-oz drink in a can, which is 5 in high and has a diameter of 2.5 in, a person grabs the can and starts shaking it in the iced water of the chest at 32°F. The temperature of the drink can be assumed to be uniform at all times, and the heat transfer coefficient between the iced water and the aluminum can is 30 Btu/h·ft2·°F. Using the properties of water for the drink, estimate how long it will take for the canned drink to cool to 40°F.arrow_forward
- A heating system is to be designed to keep the wings of an aircraft cruising at a veloeity of 900 km/h above freezing temperatures during flight at 12.200-m altitude where the standard atmospheric conditions are -55.4°C and 188 kPa. Approximating the wing as a cylinder of elliptical cross section whose minor axis is 30 cm and disregarding radiation, determine the average convection heat transfer coefficient on the wing surface and the average rate of heat transfer per unit surface area.arrow_forwardThe chilling room of a meat plant is 15 m × 18 m × 5.5 m in size and has a capacity of 350 beef carcasses. The power consumed by the fans and the lights in the chilling room are 22 and 2 kW, respectively, and the room gains heat through its envelope at a rate of 14 kW. The average mass of beef carcasses is 220 kg. The carcasses enter the chilling room at 35C, after they are washed to facilitate evaporative cooling, and are cooled to 16°C in 12 h. The air enters the chilling room at 2.2°C and leaves at 0.5°C. Determine (a) the refrigeration load of the chilling room and (b) the volume flow rate of air. The average specific heats of beef carcasses and air are 3.14 and 1.0 kJ/kg · °C, respectively, and the density of air can be taken to be 1.28 kg/m3 .arrow_forwardWater is to be heated from 10°C to 80°C as it flows through a 2-cm-internal-diameter, 13-m-long tube. The tube is equipped with an electric resistance heater, which provides uniform heating throughout the surface of the tube. The outer surface of the heater is well insulated, so that in steady operation all the heat generated in the heater is transferred to the water in the tube. If the system is to provide hot water at a rate of 5 L/min, determine the power rating of the resistance heater. Also, estimate the inner surface temperature of the pipe at the exit.arrow_forward
- A 10-cm diameter copper ball is to be heated from 80°C to an average temperature of 160°C in 30 minutes. Taking the average density and specific heat of copper in this temperature range to be 8950 kg/m3 and Cp = 0.395 kJ/kg · °C, respectively, determine the average heat flux.arrow_forwardIn a production facility, 3-cm-thick large brass plates(k = 110 W/m·K, r = 8530 kg/m3, cp = 380 J/kg·K, and a =33.9 * 1026 m2/s) that are initially at a uniform temperatureof 25°C are heated by passing them through an oven maintainedat 700°C. The plates remain in the oven for a period of10 min. Taking the convection heat transfer coefficient to beh 5 80 W/m2·K, determine the surface temperature of theplates when they come out of the oven. Solve this problemusing analytical one-term approximation method (not theHeisler charts). Can this problem be solved using lumpedsystem analysis? Justify your answer.arrow_forwardA person puts a few apples into the freezer at 15°C cool them quickly for guestswho are about to arrive. Initially, the apples are at a uniform temperature of 20°C,and the heat transfer coefficient on the surfaces is 8 W/m2·K. Treating the apples as9-cm-diameter spheres and taking their properties to be 840 kg/m3, Cp 3.81 kJ/kg·K, k = 0.418 W/m·K, and α =10-7 m2/s, determine the center and surface temperatures of the apples in 1 h. Also, determine the amount of heat transfer from each apple. Solve this problem using analytical one-term approximation method (notthe Heisler charts). Answer: Center: 11.2 ℃, Surface: 2.7 ℃, heat transfer: 17.2 kJarrow_forward
- What are the mechanisms of heat transfer? How are they distinguished from each other?arrow_forwardConsider steady heat transfer between two parallel plates at a constant temperaturearrow_forwardConsider a person who is trying to keep cool on a hot summer day by turning a fan on and exposing his entire body to air flow. The air temperature is 85°F and the fan is blowing air at a velocity of 6 ft/s. If the person is doing light work and generating sensible heat at a rate of 300 Btu/h, determine the average temperature of the outer surface (skin or clothing) of the person. The average human body can be treated as a 1-ft-diameter cylinder with an exposed surface area of 18 ft2. Disregard any heat transfer by radiation. What would your answer be if the air velocity were doubled? Evaluate the air properties at 100°F.arrow_forward
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