ND STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY LOOSELEAF GENETICS: FROM GENES TO GENOMES
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781260406092
Author: HARTWELL, Leland, HOOD, Leroy, Goldberg, Michael
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education/stony Brook University
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 9P
Answer the questions that follow for each stage of the cell cycle (G1, S, G2, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase). If necessary, use an arrow to indicate a change that occurs during a particular cell cycle stage (for example, 1
a. | How many chromatids make up each chromosome during this stage? |
b. | Is the nucleolus present? |
c. | Is the mitotic spindle organized? |
d. | Is the nuclear membrane present? |
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
Answer the questions that follow for each stage of thecell cycle (G1, S, G2, prophase, metaphase, anaphase,telophase). If necessary, use an arrow to indicate achange that occurs during a particular cell cycle stage(for example, 1 → 2 or yes → no).a. How many chromatids make up each chromosomeduring this stage?b. Is the nucleolus present?c. Is the mitotic spindle organized?d. Is the nuclear membrane present?
The following diagram is meant to help you understand how the amount of DNA in a cell changes as the cell cycle progresses. On the diagram, identify two of the stages of the cell
cycle being described and identify how much DNA exists per cell, where a cell is defined as a distinct nucleus. Note that the sequence of images highlights one of the chromosomes
of the cell. The other chromosomes, while also present, are faded in the background.
Stage in Cell Cycle:
A
Status of Chromosomes: (Only one of the chromosomes is intensely colored)
NANA
INNNNNNN
wwwww
wwwNYA
wwwww
WXXXX
VANNNNNN
www
Amount of DNA Per Cell:
C
NNNNA
NNNNNN
WWXXXXX
NNNNNNE
WNNNN
www
B
NNNNN
Between 1X and 2X
2X
D
1X
Please answer as comprehensive as possible.
Chapter 4 Solutions
ND STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY LOOSELEAF GENETICS: FROM GENES TO GENOMES
Ch. 4 - Choose the best matching phrase in the right...Ch. 4 - Humans have 46 chromosomes in each somatic cell....Ch. 4 - The figure that follows shows the metaphase...Ch. 4 - Human XX males who are sex-reversed because they...Ch. 4 - Researchers discovered recently that the sole...Ch. 4 - One oak tree cell with 14 chromosomes undergoes...Ch. 4 - Indicate which of the cells numbered iv matches...Ch. 4 - a. What are the four major stages of the cell...Ch. 4 - Answer the questions that follow for each stage of...Ch. 4 - Can you think of anything that would prevent...
Ch. 4 - One oak tree cell with 14 chromosomes undergoes...Ch. 4 - Which types of cell division mitosis, meiosis I,...Ch. 4 - Complete the following statements using as many of...Ch. 4 - The five cells shown in figure a e are all from...Ch. 4 - One of the first microscopic observations of...Ch. 4 - A person is simultaneously heterozygous for two...Ch. 4 - Assuming i that the two chromosomes in every...Ch. 4 - In the moss Polytrichum commune, the haploid...Ch. 4 - Can you think of anything that would prevent...Ch. 4 - Sister chromatids are held together through...Ch. 4 - The pseudoautosomal regions PARs of the X and Y...Ch. 4 - Remarkably, the platypus has 10 sex chromosomes,...Ch. 4 - Somatic cells of chimpanzees contain 48...Ch. 4 - In humans: a. How many sperm develop from 100...Ch. 4 - Women sometimes develop benign tumors called...Ch. 4 - In a certain strain of turkeys, unfertilized eggs...Ch. 4 - Imagine you have two pure-breeding lines of...Ch. 4 - A system of sex determination known as...Ch. 4 - In Drosophila, the autosomal recessive brown eye...Ch. 4 - Barred feather pattern is a Z-linked dominant...Ch. 4 - When Calvin Bridges observed a large number of...Ch. 4 - In a vial of Drosophila, a research student...Ch. 4 - In 1919, Calvin Bridges began studying an X-linked...Ch. 4 - In Drosophila, a cross was made between a...Ch. 4 - As we learned in this chapter, the white mutation...Ch. 4 - The following is a pedigree of a family in which a...Ch. 4 - Each of the four pedigrees that follow represents...Ch. 4 - The pedigree that follows indicates the occurrence...Ch. 4 - Duchenne muscular dystrophy DMD is caused by a...Ch. 4 - The X-linked gene responsible for DMD encodes a...Ch. 4 - Males have hemophilia when they are hemizygous for...Ch. 4 - In the Fast Forward Box Visualizing X Chromosome...Ch. 4 - Consider the following pedigrees from human...Ch. 4 - Several different antigens can be detected in...Ch. 4 - The ancestry of a white female tiger bred in a...Ch. 4 - The pedigree that follows shows the inheritance of...Ch. 4 - In 1995, doctors reported a Chinese family in...Ch. 4 - In cats, the dominant O allele of the X-linked...Ch. 4 - In marsupials like the opposum or kangaroo, X...Ch. 4 - The pedigree diagram below shows a family in which...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The same chromosome can look very different depending on when in meiosis it is observed. Explain fully why this is so and also why the chromosome is less condensed during some parts of the cell cycle? How many DNA molecules does each chromosome contain at the beginning of Prophase I? Use the following terms in your explanation: chromatin, histone, chromatid, centromere.arrow_forwardFor an organism with 3 pairs of chromosomes (6 total chromosomes, 2n = 6), draw chromosome diagrams for the following phases of the mitotic cell cycle: G1 of interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase & telophase. Be sure to draw the correct number of chromosomes and the correct number of chromatids per chromosome. Use a different color to represent each chromosome type (for example, use blue to indicate all copies of chromosome 1, red for all copies of chromosome 2, & green for all copies of chromosome 3).arrow_forwardExplain why we can say that M-phase of the cell-cycle is triggered by a positive feedback loop. a) What would the consequences be if cohesins were working normally but condensins were not? and b) what stage of the cell cycle would this cause problems in? Why is it important for the centrosome to duplicate during G1-G2 (interphase) before M phase? The kinetochores serve as a link between the sister chromatids and the microtubules attached to the mitotic spindle. a) How are microtubules still able to exhibit dynamic instability after they are bound to the sister chromatids and b) why is this important to mitosis? As the name suggests, the Anaphase-promoting-complex (APC), promotes the 4th phase of mitosis by separating the sister chromatids so they can travel to separate poles of the cell, and prevents them from being re-zipped together. Describe how APC does these two things (Hint: one involves M-cyclin and the other involves…arrow_forward
- 1) Examine the picture of an onion root tip with cells in various stages of the cell cycle. A student claims that interphase is the longest stage of the cell cycle. Another student claims that mitosis is the longest stage. Using evidence from the photo, determine which student is correct and why. A) Mitosis is the longest stage because anaphase requires more time to separate chromatids. B) Interphase is the longest stage because chromosomes are visible in the majority of the cells. C) Mitosis is the longest stage because the majority of the cells in the photo are replicating their DNA. D) Interphase is the longest stage because the majority of the cells in the photo have uncondensed chromatin and are not dividing. Not Gradedarrow_forward1) What phase of mitosis is this? Answer: 2) What is the indicated structure 1? select one. a. chromosome b. chromosome with two sister chromatids c. centrioles/centrosome d. spindle fibres e. metaphase plate 3)If the diploid (2n) number of this cell is 8 how many chromosomes are present? 4) If the diploid (2n) number of this cell is 8 how many sister chromatids are present? 5) If the diploid (2n) number of this cell is 8 how many homologous pairs are present?arrow_forwardPassage of cells from G1 through R to S depends on the interaction of various signal molecules, proteins and enzymes which regulate the cell cycle. Imagine I have just induced a mutation in a cell line which prevents the breakdown of the cyclin molecule we discussed. Which of the following events do you predict will happen? circle all that apply Select one or more: a. Uncontrolled cell replication may result b. Retinoblastoma protein will be continuously active c. The cells will be stuck in G1 phase d. The cells will begin to replicate their DNA e. Cyclin dependent kinase (Cdk) will be continuously activearrow_forward
- Draw a diagram of the cell cycle and label the phases. On your diagram: a) For each phase, indicate whether the chromosomes are condensed or not. b) Indicate the phase(s) when it is possible to do a karyotype c) Indicate the phase-transition(s) where the cell would arrest if you add hydroxyurea.arrow_forwardBPA is a chemical compound that has historically been used in the manufacture of plastic products. However, cells often mistake BPA molecules for hormones that accelerate the cell cycle. Because of this, BPA is associated with an increased risk of certain cancers.a. How might BPA interact with the cell cycle and its checkpoints?b. Why do you think that very small concentrations of BPA might have a large effect on a cell?arrow_forwardRead the discussion of the cell cycle, mitosis, and cytokinesis, pages 00-4to7.In the table below, describe briefly the major events of each part of the cell cycle. (You might want to turn the table sideways so you can write the long way in each box.) Interphase M phase (mitotic cell division) G1 G2 Mitosis Cytokinesis S Prophase | Metaphase Anaphase Telophasearrow_forward
- Discuss the cell cycle with the aid of a diagram. 6-8 hours INTERPHASE Sphase DNA I replicated 6-10 hours G, phase Cell metabolically active; duplicates organelles and cytosolic components starts replicating G, phase Cell growth continues enzymes and other proteins are synthesized and replication of centrosomes is completed 46 hours Exit from cell cycle nondividing cell) centrosomes. MITOTIC (M) PHASE Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophasearrow_forwardDraw a diagram of the cell cycle and label the phases (G1, S, G2, M). Indicate the phase when chromosome duplication occurs.arrow_forwardPLEASE ANSWER THE FOLLOWING: 1. In figure 1 locate the mitotic zone or region of cell division. Next, identify mitotic stages visible in figure 2. Note down visible structural changes occurring at various stages of mitosis, namely: prophase (early and late) metaphase, anaphase (early and late) and telophase (early and late). 2. Point the specific mitotic stages that can be seen in the enlarged image of onion root tip cells undergoing cell division (figure 2). 3. Search for a diagrammatic illustration of the different stages of meiosis, examine/study carefully the changes occurring in each stage. Note how these stages assemble or differ from those of mitosis. 4. Then, summarize the structural changes occurring in each stage of mitosis and meiosis in a tabular form.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College
Concepts of Biology
Biology
ISBN:9781938168116
Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise
Publisher:OpenStax College
The Cell Cycle and its Regulation; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqJqhA8HSJ0;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Cell Division - Mitosis and Meiosis - GCSE Biology (9-1); Author: Mr Exham Biology;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7vp_uRA8kw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY