Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408332
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 40, Problem 9SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Urine formation starts when glomerular filtration delivers protein-free of plasma into a kidney tubule. Most of the water and solutes return to the blood by the tubular reabsorption machinery. Substances that are not reabsorbed, and which are added to the filtrate by the tubular secretion, end up in the urine. The kidney contributes to the acid-base balance by adjusting the tubular reabsorption of bicarbonate and tubular secretion of H+.
A decline in pH causes an increase in the bicarbonate reabsorption. The bicarbonate moves into peritubular capillaries, where it buffers the excess acid.
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Chapter 40 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 40 - Pesticide Residues in Urine To carry the USDAs...Ch. 40 - Pesticide Residues in Urine To carry the USDAs...Ch. 40 - Prob. 3DAACh. 40 - An insect's ___ deliver nitrogen-rich waste to its...Ch. 40 - Bowman's capsule, the start of the tubular part of...Ch. 40 - Fluid that enters Bowman's capsule flows directly...Ch. 40 - Blood pressure forces water and small solutes into...Ch. 40 - Kidneys return most of the water and small solutes...Ch. 40 - Prob. 6SQCh. 40 - Prob. 7SQ
Ch. 40 - Match each .structure with a function. _____...Ch. 40 - Prob. 9SQCh. 40 - Prob. 10SQCh. 40 - Prob. 11SQCh. 40 - Prob. 12SQCh. 40 - Prob. 13SQCh. 40 - Prob. 14SQCh. 40 - Prob. 15SQCh. 40 - Like desert rodents such as the kangaroo rat,...Ch. 40 - Compared to closely related species that live in...Ch. 40 - Prob. 3CTCh. 40 - Drinking alcohol inhibits ADH secretion. What...
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- Match each .structure with a function. _____ ureter a. start of nephron _____ Bowmans capsule b. delivers urine to body surface _____ urethra c. carries urine from kidney to bladder _____ collecting tubules d. secretes ADH _____ glomerulus e. target to aldosterone _____ pituitary gland f. cluster of leaky capillariesarrow_forwardAs a person ages, nephron tubules lose some of their ability to concentrate urine. What is the effect of this change?arrow_forwardWhich type of animals consume little or no energy in maintaining water balance?A. Birds B. Mammals C. Marine vertebrates D. Marine invertebrates The following are involved in the regulation of mammalian kidney function except:A. ADH B. Aldosterone C. Renin D. Oxygenarrow_forward
- Water leaves the renal tubule bya. active transport. d. facilitated diffusion.b. filtration into the capillary network. e. symport.c. osmosis.arrow_forwarda pt has hyperthyroidism and his Na+/K+ ATpase pumps are working slower. Will this effect the transport of Na+? A. There will be a reduction in Na+ transport on the basolateral side of the tubule epithelial cell. B. there will be a reduction in Na+ transport in bowmans capsule epithelial cells C. there will be no change to Na+ transport D. there will be a reduction in ATP-dependent, Na+transport on the apical side of the tubule epithelial cells E. there will be a reduction of Na+ secretion on both sides of the tubule epithelial cellsarrow_forward1) In a lizard a water molecule in the ureter would next pass into the ______. A) proximal convoluted tubule B) glomerulus C) ascending limb of the nephron loop D) collecting duct E) cloacaarrow_forward
- The kidneys bladder and ureters make up the? arrow_forwardHuman beings accumulate ________ before excreting nitrogenous waste. a. nitrogen b. ammonia c. urea d. uric acidarrow_forwardIndividuals with a rare condition called diabetes insipidus do not produce vasopressin. How would urine output of an individual with diabetes insipidus compare with that of a healthy individual?arrow_forward
- The afferent arteriole delivers blood to the (a) renal artery (b) efferent arteriole (c) renal vein (d) capillaries of the glomerulus (e) peritubular capillariesarrow_forwardFatty tissue holds the kidneys in place. Extremely rapid weight loss may cause this tissue to shrink so that the kidneys slip from their normal position. On rare occasions, the slippage can put a kink in one or both ureters and block urine flow. Suggest what might then happen to the kidneys.arrow_forwardDrinking alcohol inhibits ADH secretion. What effect will drinking a beer have on the permeability of kidney tubules to sodium? To water?arrow_forward
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