Physics for Scientists and Engineers With Modern Physics
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781133953982
Author: SERWAY, Raymond A./
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 41, Problem 9OQ
To determine
The region where most of the tunneling current occurs for a scanning tunneling microscope jagged on the atomic scale.
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Chapter 41 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers With Modern Physics
Ch. 41.1 - Prob. 41.1QQCh. 41.2 - Prob. 41.2QQCh. 41.2 - Prob. 41.3QQCh. 41.5 - Prob. 41.4QQCh. 41 - Prob. 1OQCh. 41 - Prob. 2OQCh. 41 - Prob. 3OQCh. 41 - Prob. 4OQCh. 41 - Prob. 5OQCh. 41 - Prob. 6OQ
Ch. 41 - Prob. 7OQCh. 41 - Prob. 8OQCh. 41 - Prob. 9OQCh. 41 - Prob. 10OQCh. 41 - Prob. 1CQCh. 41 - Prob. 2CQCh. 41 - Prob. 3CQCh. 41 - Prob. 4CQCh. 41 - Prob. 5CQCh. 41 - Prob. 6CQCh. 41 - Prob. 7CQCh. 41 - Prob. 8CQCh. 41 - Prob. 1PCh. 41 - Prob. 2PCh. 41 - Prob. 3PCh. 41 - Prob. 4PCh. 41 - Prob. 5PCh. 41 - Prob. 6PCh. 41 - Prob. 7PCh. 41 - Prob. 8PCh. 41 - Prob. 9PCh. 41 - Prob. 10PCh. 41 - Prob. 11PCh. 41 - Prob. 12PCh. 41 - Prob. 13PCh. 41 - Prob. 15PCh. 41 - Prob. 16PCh. 41 - Prob. 17PCh. 41 - Prob. 18PCh. 41 - Prob. 19PCh. 41 - Prob. 20PCh. 41 - Prob. 21PCh. 41 - Prob. 22PCh. 41 - Prob. 23PCh. 41 - Prob. 24PCh. 41 - Prob. 25PCh. 41 - Prob. 26PCh. 41 - Prob. 27PCh. 41 - Prob. 28PCh. 41 - Prob. 29PCh. 41 - Prob. 30PCh. 41 - Prob. 31PCh. 41 - Prob. 32PCh. 41 - Prob. 33PCh. 41 - Prob. 34PCh. 41 - Prob. 36PCh. 41 - Prob. 37PCh. 41 - Prob. 38PCh. 41 - Prob. 39PCh. 41 - Two particles with masses m1 and m2 are joined by...Ch. 41 - Prob. 41PCh. 41 - Prob. 42PCh. 41 - Prob. 43APCh. 41 - Prob. 44APCh. 41 - Prob. 45APCh. 41 - Prob. 46APCh. 41 - Prob. 47APCh. 41 - Prob. 48APCh. 41 - Prob. 49APCh. 41 - Prob. 50APCh. 41 - Prob. 51APCh. 41 - Prob. 52APCh. 41 - Prob. 53APCh. 41 - Prob. 54APCh. 41 - Prob. 56APCh. 41 - Prob. 57APCh. 41 - Prob. 58APCh. 41 - Prob. 59CPCh. 41 - Prob. 60CPCh. 41 - Prob. 61CPCh. 41 - Prob. 62CPCh. 41 - Prob. 63CP
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- The highest achievable resolving power of a microscope is limited only by the wavelength used; that is, the smallest item that can be distinguished has dimensions about equal to the wavelength. Suppose one wishes to “see” inside an atom. Assuming the atom to have a diameter of 100 pm, this means that one must be able to resolve a width of, say, 10 pm. (a) If an electron microscope is used, what minimum electron energy is required? (b) If a light microscope is used, what minimum photon energy is required? (c) Which microscope seems more practical? Why?arrow_forwardSuppose the velocity of an electron in an atom is known to an accuracy of 2.8 x 103 m/s. What is the electron's minimum uncertainty in position in nm? How many times larger is this compared with the approximate 0.1 nm size of the atom?arrow_forwardWhat is the kinetic energy of each electron in a beam of electrons if the beam produces a diffraction pattern of a crystal which is similar to that of a beam of 1.00 eV neutrons? (knowing that electron mass is 9.11*10^-31 kg and neutron mass is 1.67*10^-26 kg). What are the specific equations that are being used in this problem?arrow_forward
- A laser produces light of wavelength 620nm in an ultrashort pulse.what is the minimum duration of the pulse if the maximium uncertainty of the proton is 1%arrow_forwardScanning and tunneling electron microscopes are used to measure high resolution scientific images. As a general rule, the wavelength of the electrons must be at least as small as the item being scanned in order to detect/image the presence of the item. The new novel coronavirus has a size of 60 nm to 140 nm. The crowns or "corona" which are the protien like structures that extend from the body of the virus and have a length of 7 nm to 10 nm. The image above was taken at Rocky Mountain Laboratories in Montana, USA, using a tunneling electron microscope (TEM). What approximate size of wavelength was used to produce the image? 160 nm O 80 nm O 20 nm O 5 nm ооооarrow_forwardA laser produces light of wavelength 625 nm in an ultrashort pulse. What is the minimum duration of the pulse if the minimum uncertainty in the energy of the photons is 1.0%?arrow_forward
- The binding energies of K-shell and L-shell electrons in copper are 8.979 and 0.951 keV, respectively. If a Ka x ray from copper is incident on a sodium chloride crystal and gives a first-order Bragg reflection at an angle of 74.1° measured relative to parallel planes of sodium atoms, what is the spacing between these parallel planes?arrow_forwardIf the tunneling current is 8.7 pA when an STM probe is 0.40 nm from a surface and 17 pA when the probe is 0.5 nm from the surface, calculate the current on moving the tip in 0.10-nm steps from 0.40 nm to 1.50 nm.arrow_forwardTo resolve an object in an electron microscope, the wavelength of the electrons must be close to the diameter of the object. What kinetic energy, E, must the electrons have in order to resolve a protein molecule that is 9.00 nm in diameter? Take the mass of an electron to be 9.11 x 10-31 kg. J Ex =arrow_forward
- Fluorescence microscopy, discussed in Section 29.8, is an important tool in modern cell biology. A variation on this technique depends on a phenomenon known as two-photon excitation.If two photons are absorbed simultaneously (i.e., withinabout 10-16 s), their energies can add. A molecule that is normallyexcited by a 350 nm photon can be excited by two photonseach having half as much energy. For this process to beuseful, photons must illuminate the sample at the very high rateof at least 1029 photons/m2 # s. This is achieved by focusing alaser beam to a small spot and by concentrating the power ofthe laser into very short 110-13 s2 pulses that are fired 108 timeseach second. Suppose a biologist wants to use two-photon excitationto excite a molecular species that would be excited by500 nm light in normal one-photon fluorescence microscopy.What minimum intensity 1W/m2 2 must the laser beam haveduring each pulse?arrow_forwardAn electron is located on a pinpoint having a diameter of 6.11 µm. What is the minimum uncertainty in the speed of the electron?arrow_forwardProblem 3. A Fabry-Perot laser cavity is made of two identical mirrors. Each miror has an optical power reflectance R=0.999. The distance between the two mirrors is d=10 cm. The laser cavity is filled a gas material as the gain medium with an index of refraction n=1.05. (a) What is the photon life time of this laser cavity? (b) In order to make a laser using this cavity, you need to pump the gain medium to have a gain for compensating the losses at two mirrors. What is the threshold gain coefficient for this laser?arrow_forward
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