Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 41, Problem 9TYU
SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE
Describe two types of interspecific interactions that appear to be occurring between the three species shown in this photo. What morphological adaptation can be seen in the species that is at the highest trophic level in this scene?
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Chapter 41 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 41.1 - Explain how interspecific competition, predation,...Ch. 41.1 - According to the principle of competitive...Ch. 41.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Figure 22.13 illustrates how a...Ch. 41.2 - What two components contribute to species...Ch. 41.2 - How is a food chain different from a food web?Ch. 41.2 - WHAT IF? Consider a grassland with five trophic...Ch. 41.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Rising atmospheric CO2 levels...Ch. 41.3 - Why do high and low levels of disturbance usually...Ch. 41.3 - During succession, how might the early species...Ch. 41.3 - WHAT IF? Most prairies experience regular fires,...
Ch. 41.4 - Describe two hypotheses that explain why species...Ch. 41.4 - Describe how an islands size and distance from the...Ch. 41.4 - WHAT IF? Based on MacArthur and Wilsons island...Ch. 41.5 - What are pathogens?Ch. 41.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 41 - The feeding relationships among the species in a...Ch. 41 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 41 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 41 - Community 1 contains 100 individuals distributed...Ch. 41 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 41 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY An ecologist studying plants in...Ch. 41 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Explain why adaptations of...Ch. 41 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION In Bateslan mimicry, a...Ch. 41 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Describe two types of...
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- SUBJECT : Biology - Ecology Give 5 examples each of dominant, invasive, and keystone species in a tabulated format AND explain how dominant, invasive and keystone species affect their community.arrow_forwardHypothetical balanced food chain. The Sun and Earth supply 6 units of energy to each plant. For higher trophic levels, individuals consume 2 units of energy each before passing the remainder to the next trophic level. The number of individuals in each trophic level is given below. Complete the table below by computing the number of energy units in each columnarrow_forwardSCENARIO: Ecologists have recently made an observation regarding a species of nematode (round worm) commonly found in Australian soils with two distinct phenotypes appearing, the mutant form appears to have increased cuticle formation. This species is a crucial part of their ecosystem’s food web and is a predator of many soil microbes. The divergent phenotype appears to negatively affect its predatory behaviour, which could have disastrous flow on effects to the rest of the ecosystem. Preliminary studies also indicate this phenotype has a genetic basis, so is not caused by infection. You have been tasked with uncovering the genetic basis of this phenotype. Q1. Given the phenotype blister nematode leads to a negative impact on the nematode’s predatory behaviour, develop a hypothesis as to why this phenotype is increasing among the population (i.e. it is being positively selected for): Q2. Briefly describe an experiment you could use to test this hypothesis:arrow_forward
- SCENARIO: Ecologists have recently made an observation regarding a species of nematode (round worm) commonly found in Australian soils with two distinct phenotypes appearing, the mutant form appears to have increased cuticle formation. This species is a crucial part of their ecosystem’s food web and is a predator of many soil microbes. The divergent phenotype appears to negatively affect its predatory behaviour, which could have disastrous flow on effects to the rest of the ecosystem. Preliminary studies also indicate this phenotype has a genetic basis, so is not caused by infection. You have been tasked with uncovering the genetic basis of this phenotype. Q6. Given the phenotype leads to a negative impact on the nematode’s predatory behaviour, develop a hypothesis as to why this phenotype is increasing among the population (i.e. it is being positively selected for): Q7. Briefly describe an experiment you could use to test this hypothesis:arrow_forwardArticle readings: Why some animals are more important to ecosystem than others. From the article, list down all the species being described as keystone species and their negative effect when removed from their ecosystem. Define the ‘Keystone species concept” and differentiate it from “morphological species concept”. How does a keystone species plays its role in having a trophic cascade scenario? 1 sentence only.arrow_forwardCreate a model which accurately, in detail, depicts the potential pathways of carbon (biomass) and energy in an ecosystem with at least five trophic levels (don’t forget your decomposers, they can count as one trophic level). Make sure to incorporate the multiple pathways that biomass and energy could take at each trophic level. Lastly, clearly illustrate how carbon and energy flow in this ecosystem. Be sure to include adequate levels of detail for all pathways and differentiate the flow of carbon and energy in your model.arrow_forward
- Test Your Understanding 16 Would the microclimate of an ant be the same as that of an elephant living in the same area? Why or why not?arrow_forwardHypothetical balanced food chain. Sun and Earth supply 6 units of energy to each plant. For higher tropic levels, individuals consume 2 units of energy each before passing the remainder to the next trophic level. The number of individuals in each trophic level is given below. Complete the table below by computing for the number of energy units in each column. Trophic Levels No. Individuals in Each Trophic Level No. of Units Received from Trophic Level Above No. Units Used / Individual (Resp) No. Units Used in Trophic Level No. Units Remaining & Passed on to Next Trophic Level Mean No. Units Available per Individual in Trophic Level SUN +E = 6 1) Plants 30 180 2 2) Grasshopper 19 2 3) Frog 12 2 4) Snake 8 2 5) Owl 4 2arrow_forwardAvailability of energy is less for entities at higher trophic levels.Why?arrow_forward
- Which of the following terms identifies the amount of energy available at each trophic feeding levelarrow_forwardPlease help What are the three different features that contribute to biodiversity? Explain, in your own words, what each of these features means. Provide an example of each. Why do some ecosystems have low genetic variation?arrow_forwardWhat process is being described by this figure? 1. mutualism 2. competition 3. predation 4. niche differentiationarrow_forward
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