EBK LIFE: THE SCIENCE OF BIOLOGY
EBK LIFE: THE SCIENCE OF BIOLOGY
11th Edition
ISBN: 8220103935432
Author: Sadava
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 41.5, Problem 2R
Summary Introduction

To review:

The response, generated by the immune system when a cell gets infected by a virus and the roles played by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and the T-cell receptors in this type of response.

Introduction:

The viral infection results in the generation of the innate immune responses in the body of the individual. The adaptive immune responses have two components, the humoral and the cell-mediated immune responses. The humoral response kills the virus from the blood and the cell-mediated immunity kill the infected T-cell.

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Imagine a new viral infection has emerged in the southwestern U.S. The virus has distinct surface properties such that prior infections with other viruses is not providing immunity against this virus and it starts to spread rapidly. Diagram and/or describe the major steps of immune response to infection by this virus. Include both the innate and adaptive immune responses. How do antibodies help block viral infection? Once the virus enters a cell it is no longer accessible to antibodies or immune cells. What type of T cells are most important for this stage of infection? How do these T cells recognize infected cells and stop the infection?
Some viruses have mechanisms to down-regulate MHC class I protein expression on the surface of cells in which the virus is replicating. This immune evasion strategy might prevent effector CD8 cytotoxic T cells from recognizing and killing the virus-infected cells. Would this immune evasion strategy also prevent the initial activation of virus-specific CD8 T cells? Yes, because no viral peptide:MHC class I complexes would form to activate CD8 T cells. No, because dendritic cells would take up infected cells and cross-present viral peptides to activate CD8 T cells. No, because some presentation of MHC class I complexes with viral peptides would occur before the virus could down-regulate all the surface MHC class I protein. Yes, because this immune evasion strategy would also function in dendritic cells, even if the virus doesn’t replicate in dendritic cells. No, because the type I interferon response induced by the virus infection will up-regulate MHC class I expression and override the…
In the cell-mediated immune response, there are three types of T cells produced. What are they, and what is the function of each?
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Immune System and Immune Response Animation; Author: Medical Sciences Animations;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JDdbUBXPKc4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
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