Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780136139225
Author: Douglas C. Giancoli
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Chapter 42, Problem 16Q
To determine
Why the secondary system is used in the nuclear reactor to rotate the turbines?
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(I) What type of reaction is taking place in a nuclear reactor? (II) What is the average energy released per reaction in a reactor? (III) Why are the reaction products radioactive? (IV) What is the necessity of a moderator in a nuclear reactor? Are light or heavy elements preferred for moderators and why?
A typical nuclear fission power plant produces about 1.00 GW of electrical power. Assume the plant has an overall efficiency
of 39.0% and each fission produces 250 MeV of thermal energy. Calculate the mass of 5°U consumed each day.
kg
33. The core of a thermal reactor consists of a sphere, 50cm in radius, that contains a homogeneous mixture of
25°U and ordinary H,O. This core is surrounded by infinite thick H2O reflector. (a) What is the reflector savings ?
(b) What is the critical mass? (c) If the maximum thermal flux is 1 x 1013 neutrons/cm2-sec, at what power is the
reactor operating? [ Hint: compute the M2 for core assuming the reactor is bare and of radius 50 cm. Use this
value of M to estimate & and then compute new M assuming reactor is bare and of radius 50 + 6. Interate
until convergence is obtained.]
Chapter 42 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
Ch. 42.1 - Prob. 1AECh. 42.3 - Prob. 1BECh. 42.4 - Return to the first Chapter-Opening Question, page...Ch. 42.4 - Prob. 1DECh. 42.6 - Prob. 1EECh. 42 - Prob. 1QCh. 42 - Prob. 2QCh. 42 - Prob. 3QCh. 42 - Why are neutrons such good projectiles for...Ch. 42 - Prob. 5Q
Ch. 42 - Prob. 6QCh. 42 - Prob. 7QCh. 42 - Prob. 8QCh. 42 - Prob. 9QCh. 42 - Prob. 10QCh. 42 - Prob. 11QCh. 42 - Why would a porous block of uranium be more likely...Ch. 42 - Prob. 13QCh. 42 - Prob. 14QCh. 42 - Prob. 15QCh. 42 - Prob. 16QCh. 42 - Prob. 17QCh. 42 - Prob. 18QCh. 42 - Prob. 19QCh. 42 - Prob. 20QCh. 42 - Prob. 21QCh. 42 - Prob. 22QCh. 42 - Prob. 23QCh. 42 - Prob. 24QCh. 42 - Prob. 25QCh. 42 - How might radioactive tracers be used to find a...Ch. 42 - Prob. 1PCh. 42 - Prob. 2PCh. 42 - Prob. 3PCh. 42 - Prob. 4PCh. 42 - Prob. 5PCh. 42 - Prob. 6PCh. 42 - Prob. 7PCh. 42 - Prob. 8PCh. 42 - Prob. 9PCh. 42 - Prob. 10PCh. 42 - Prob. 11PCh. 42 - Prob. 12PCh. 42 - Prob. 13PCh. 42 - Prob. 14PCh. 42 - Prob. 15PCh. 42 - Prob. 16PCh. 42 - Prob. 17PCh. 42 - Prob. 18PCh. 42 - (I) What is the effective cross section for the...Ch. 42 - Prob. 20PCh. 42 - Prob. 21PCh. 42 - Prob. 22PCh. 42 - Prob. 23PCh. 42 - Prob. 24PCh. 42 - Prob. 25PCh. 42 - Prob. 26PCh. 42 - Prob. 27PCh. 42 - Prob. 28PCh. 42 - Prob. 29PCh. 42 - Prob. 30PCh. 42 - Prob. 31PCh. 42 - Prob. 32PCh. 42 - Prob. 33PCh. 42 - Prob. 34PCh. 42 - Prob. 35PCh. 42 - Prob. 36PCh. 42 - Prob. 37PCh. 42 - Prob. 38PCh. 42 - Prob. 39PCh. 42 - Prob. 40PCh. 42 - Prob. 41PCh. 42 - Prob. 42PCh. 42 - Prob. 43PCh. 42 - Prob. 44PCh. 42 - Prob. 45PCh. 42 - Prob. 46PCh. 42 - Prob. 47PCh. 42 - Prob. 48PCh. 42 - Prob. 49PCh. 42 - Prob. 50PCh. 42 - Prob. 51PCh. 42 - Prob. 52PCh. 42 - Prob. 53PCh. 42 - Prob. 54PCh. 42 - Prob. 55PCh. 42 - Prob. 56PCh. 42 - Prob. 57PCh. 42 - Prob. 58PCh. 42 - Prob. 59PCh. 42 - Prob. 60PCh. 42 - Prob. 61PCh. 42 - Prob. 62PCh. 42 - Prob. 63PCh. 42 - Prob. 64PCh. 42 - Prob. 65GPCh. 42 - Prob. 66GPCh. 42 - Prob. 67GPCh. 42 - Prob. 68GPCh. 42 - Prob. 69GPCh. 42 - Prob. 70GPCh. 42 - Prob. 71GPCh. 42 - Prob. 72GPCh. 42 - Prob. 73GPCh. 42 - Prob. 74GPCh. 42 - Prob. 75GPCh. 42 - Prob. 76GPCh. 42 - Prob. 77GPCh. 42 - Prob. 78GPCh. 42 - Prob. 79GPCh. 42 - Prob. 80GPCh. 42 - Prob. 81GPCh. 42 - Prob. 82GPCh. 42 - Prob. 83GPCh. 42 - Prob. 84GPCh. 42 - Prob. 85GPCh. 42 - Prob. 86GPCh. 42 - Prob. 87GPCh. 42 - Prob. 88GP
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The cure of a nuclear reactor generates a large amount of thermal energy from the decay of fission products, even when the power-producing fission chain reaction is turned off. Would this residual heat be greatest after the reactor has run for a long time or short time? What if the reactor has been shut down for months?arrow_forward(a) Calculate the energy released in the neutroninduced fission reaction n+239Pu96Sr+140Ba+4n, given m(96Sr)=95.921750u and m(140Ba)=139.910581u. (b) Confirm that the total number of nucleons and total charge are conserved in this reaction.arrow_forward(a) Calculate the energy released in the neutron- induced fission n+238U96Sr+140Xe+3n , given m(96Sr)=95.921750uand m(140Xe)=139.92164 . This result is about 6 MeV greater than the result for spontaneous fission. Why? Confirm that the total number of nucleons and total charge are conserved in this reaction.arrow_forward
- (a) Find the total energy released in MeV in each carbon cycle (elaborated in the above problem) including the annihilation energy. (b) How does this compare with the protonproton cycle output?arrow_forwardIn considering potential fusion reactions, what is the advantage of the reaction 2H+3H4He+n over the reaction 2H+2H3He+n ?arrow_forwardIt is estimated that the total explosive yield of all the nuclear bombs in existence currently is about 4.000 MT. (a) Convert this amount of energy to kilowatthours, noting that 1kWh=3.60106J. (b) What would the monetary value of this energy be if it could be converted to electricity costing 10 cents per kW.h?arrow_forward
- (a) Calculate the energy released in the neutroninduced fission (similar to the spontaneous fission in Example 32.3) n+238U96Sr+140Xe+3n, given m(96Sr)=95.921750u and m(140Xe)=139.92164. (b) This result is about 6 MeV greater than the result for spontaneous fission. Why? (c) Con?rm that the total number at nucleons and total charge are conserved in this reaction.arrow_forwardWhat is the best way for the power plant manager to modify the reactor to meet the demand for electricity? During a heat wave, there is an increased demand for electricity to operate air conditioners. The basic design of a nuclear reactor that generates electricity is shown O lower the control rods, which will absorb more below. neutrons before they can split atoms O raise the control rods so that fewer neutrons are Control rods absorbed and more can split uranium atoms O remove some of the fuel rods, which will leave more room for additional neutrons to split atoms O add additional fuel rods to generate additional CONO neutrons to split uranium atoms Fuel rods Nuclear reactor Submit Save and Exit Next Mark this and return Sign oarrow_forwardThink carefully about the fi ssion process. Does it seem peculiar that symmetric fission is not the most probable? Does the distribution shown in Figure seem reasonable? Explain.arrow_forward
- Another series of nuclear reactions that can produce energy in the interior of stars is the cycle described below. This cycle is most efficient when the central temperature in a star is above 1.6 x107 K. Because the temperature at the center of the Sun is only 1.5 x 107 K, the following cycle produces less than 10% of the Sun’s energy. (a) A high - energy proton is absorbed by 12C. Another nucleus, A, is produced in the reaction, along with a gamma ray. Identify nucleus A. (b) Nucleus A decays through positron emission to form nucleus B. Identify nucleus B. (c) Nucleus B absorbs a proton to produce nucleus C and a gamma ray. Identify nucleus C . (d) Nucleus C absorbs a proton to produce nucleus D and a gamma ray. Identify nucleus D. (e) Nucleus D decays through positron emission to produce nucleus E. Identify nucleus E. (f ) Nucleus E absorbs a proton to produce nucleus F plus an alpha particle. What is nucleus F? Note: If nucleus F is not 12C— that is, the nucleus you started with —…arrow_forward(a) What is the function of the moderator in a nuclear reactor?(b) What substance acts as the moderator in a pressurizedwater generator? (c) What other substances are used asa moderator in nuclear reactor designs?arrow_forwardAssume that a plasma temperature of 1 * 108 K is reached in a laser-fusion device. (a) What is the most probable speed of a deuteron at that temperature? (b) How far would such a deuteron move in a confinement time of 1 * 10-12 s?arrow_forward
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