Explanation Given i. In 1902 Marie and Pierre Curie succeeded in separating radium from uranium ore. ii. They could extract 1 decigram of pure RaCl 2 . iii. The Ra was a radioactive isotope 226 Ra with half-life 1600 years. Explanations 1) Concepts Marie and Pierre Curie were pioneers in the field of radioactivity. Marie and Pierre Curie won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 along with Becquerel for discovery of radioactive rays (α,β, and γ –rays). The Curies examined many substances and minerals for signs of radioactivity. They found that the mineral pitchblende was more radioactive than uranium and concluded that it must contain other radioactive substances. From it they managed to extract two previously unknown elements, polonium and radium, both more radioactive than uranium. One of the significant nuclear disintegration unit is named after Curie. 2) Equation N = No e (-λt) and T 1/2 = 0.693/λ R = λN 3) Calculations (a) 1 decigram = 0.1 gm Assuming the Cl has a mass of 35.4, we say that the mass of Ra in a 0.1 gm of RaCl 2 , is m = 226 226 + 2 x 35.4 x 0.1 gm = 76.1 x 10 -3 gm Now mass of each Ra nucleus is 226 x 1.66 x 10 -24 gm = 3.75 x 10 -22 gm So, N = the number of 226 Ra nuclei the Curies had isolated in 1 decigram of RaCl 2 = 76

Fundamentals of Physics, Volume 1, Chapter 1-20

10th Edition

ISBN: 9781118233764

Author: David Halliday

Publisher: WILEY

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Question

Chapter 42, Problem 47P

To determine

To calculate:

(a) the number of ²²⁶Ra nuclei the Curies had isolated.

(b) the decay rate of their sample in disintegration/s.

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Chapter 42, Problem 46P

Chapter 42, Problem 48P

Chapter 42 Solutions

Fundamentals of Physics, Volume 1, Chapter 1-20

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Ch. 42 - Prob. 11Q Ch. 42 - Prob. 12Q Ch. 42 - a Which of the following nuclides are magic:...Ch. 42 - Prob. 14Q Ch. 42 - Prob. 15Q Ch. 42 - Prob. 1P Ch. 42 - Prob. 2P Ch. 42 - A 10.2 MeV Li nucleus is shot directly at the...Ch. 42 - Prob. 4P Ch. 42 - Prob. 5P Ch. 42 - Prob. 6P Ch. 42 - Prob. 7P Ch. 42 - Prob. 8P Ch. 42 - Prob. 9P Ch. 42 - Prob. 10P Ch. 42 - Prob. 11P Ch. 42 - Prob. 12P Ch. 42 - Prob. 13P Ch. 42 - Prob. 14P Ch. 42 - Prob. 15P Ch. 42 - Prob. 16P Ch. 42 - Prob. 17P Ch. 42 - Prob. 18P Ch. 42 - Prob. 19P Ch. 42 - Prob. 20P Ch. 42 - Prob. 21P Ch. 42 - Prob. 22P Ch. 42 - Prob. 23P Ch. 42 - A penny has a mass of 3.0 g. Calculate the energy...Ch. 42 - Prob. 25P Ch. 42 - Prob. 26P Ch. 42 - Prob. 27P Ch. 42 - Prob. 28P Ch. 42 - Prob. 29P Ch. 42 - The half-life of a particular radioactive isotope...Ch. 42 - Prob. 31P Ch. 42 - Prob. 32P Ch. 42 - Prob. 33P Ch. 42 - Calculate the mass of a sample of initially pure...Ch. 42 - Prob. 35P Ch. 42 - Prob. 36P Ch. 42 - Prob. 37P Ch. 42 - A dose of 8.60 Ci of a radioactive isotope is...Ch. 42 - Prob. 39P Ch. 42 - Prob. 40P Ch. 42 - Prob. 41P Ch. 42 - Prob. 42P Ch. 42 - Prob. 43P Ch. 42 - Prob. 44P Ch. 42 - Prob. 45P Ch. 42 - Prob. 46P Ch. 42 - Prob. 47P Ch. 42 - Prob. 48P Ch. 42 - Prob. 49P Ch. 42 - Prob. 50P Ch. 42 - Prob. 51P Ch. 42 - Prob. 52P Ch. 42 - Prob. 53P Ch. 42 - Prob. 54P Ch. 42 - Prob. 55P Ch. 42 - Prob. 56P Ch. 42 - Prob. 57P Ch. 42 - Prob. 58P Ch. 42 - Prob. 59P Ch. 42 - Prob. 60P Ch. 42 - Prob. 61P Ch. 42 - Prob. 62P Ch. 42 - Prob. 63P Ch. 42 - Prob. 64P Ch. 42 - Prob. 65P Ch. 42 - Prob. 66P Ch. 42 - Prob. 67P Ch. 42 - Prob. 68P Ch. 42 - Prob. 69P Ch. 42 - Prob. 70P Ch. 42 - Prob. 71P Ch. 42 - Prob. 72P Ch. 42 - Prob. 73P Ch. 42 - Prob. 74P Ch. 42 - Prob. 75P Ch. 42 - Prob. 76P Ch. 42 - Prob. 77P Ch. 42 - Prob. 78P Ch. 42 - Prob. 79P Ch. 42 - Prob. 80P Ch. 42 - Prob. 81P Ch. 42 - Prob. 82P Ch. 42 - Prob. 83P Ch. 42 - Prob. 84P Ch. 42 - Prob. 85P Ch. 42 - Prob. 86P Ch. 42 - Prob. 87P Ch. 42 - Characteristic nuclear time is a useful but...Ch. 42 - Prob. 89P Ch. 42 - Using a nuclidic chart, write the symbols for a...Ch. 42 - If the unit for atomic mass were defined so that...Ch. 42 - Prob. 92P Ch. 42 - Prob. 93P Ch. 42 - Prob. 94P Ch. 42 - Prob. 95P Ch. 42 - Prob. 96P Ch. 42 - Prob. 97P

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What is the dose in mSv for: (a) a 0.1 Gy xray? (b) 2.5 mGy of neutron exposure to the eye? (c) 1.5 mGy of exposure?
Assume onefourth of the yield of a typical 320kT strategic bomb comes from fission reactions averaging 200 MeV and the remainder from fusion reactions averaging 20 MeV. (a) Calculate the number of fissions and the approximate mass of uranium and plutonium fissioned, taking the average atomic mass to be 238. (b) Find the number of fusions and calculate the approximate mass of fusion fuel, assuming an average total atomic mass of the two nuclei in each reaction to be 5. (c) Considering the masses found, does it seem reasonable that some missiles could carry 10 warheads? Discuss, noting that the nuclear fuel is only a part of the mass of a warhead.
In the following eight problems, write the complete decay equation for the given nuclide in the complete XZAN notation. Refer to the periodic table for values of Z. decay of 226Ra, another isotope in the decay series of 238U, FIrst recognized as a new element by the Curies. Poses special problems because its daughter is a radioactive noble gas. In the following four problems, identity the parent nuclide and write the complete decay equation in the XZAN notation. Refer to the periodic table for values of Z.

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