Investigating Biology Laboratory Manual (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134473468
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Judith Giles Morgan, M. Eloise Brown Carter
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 43, Problem 8TYU
Summary Introduction
To draw: The antibody-linking protein complex that could trigger endocytosis by a macrophage.
Introduction: An antigen is a large molecule. It may be made up of proteins or polysaccharides. A single antigen has several binding sites that are called epitopes. Each antibody binds to a specific epitope of an antigen. An antibody is a Y-shaped protein molecule that consists of four polypeptide chains. There are two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains connected by a disulfide bond. Antibody binds to the antigen receptor of pathogens like bacteria or virus.
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Consider a pencil-shaped protein with two epitopes, Y (the “eraser” end) and Z (the “point” end). They are recognized by antibodies A1 and A2, respectively. Draw and label a picture showing the antibodies linking proteins into a complex that could trigger endocytosis by a macrophage.
How are antibodies unique? Please discuss the structure of an antibody. What are the V and C regions? Discuss how the few hundred genes involved are capable of making endless amounts of antibodies. Besides medical treatment what is another way antibodies can be used?
What physiological effect would you predict from a mutation that replacedwith serine the cysteine in the constant part of the immunoglobulin lightchain that is involved in disulfide-bond formation with the heavy chain?(as shown)
Chapter 43 Solutions
Investigating Biology Laboratory Manual (9th Edition)
Ch. 43.1 - Pus is both a sign of infection and an indicator...Ch. 43.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How do the molecules that...Ch. 43.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 43.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 43.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 43.2 - WHAT IF? If both copies of a light-chain gene and...Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 43.3 - Treatment of antibodies with a particular protease...Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 43.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 43.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 43.4 - WHAT IF? How would a macrophage deficiency likely...Ch. 43 - In what ways does innate immunity protect the...Ch. 43 - Why is the adaptive immune response to an initial...Ch. 43 - Is immunological memory after a natural infection...Ch. 43 - Prob. 43.4CRCh. 43 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 43 - An epitope associates with which part of an...Ch. 43 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 43 - Level 2: Application/Analysis 4. Which of the...Ch. 43 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 43 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Contrast clonal selection with...Ch. 43 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Describe one invertebrate...Ch. 43 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 43 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This photo shows a child...
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- The indirect immunofluorescence ("fluorescent Ab") test shown below is performed to test for: + AA T. pallidum from Specific antibodies laboratory stock in serum of patient Antibodies bind to T. pallidum + ㅅ Fluorescent dye-labeled anti-human immune serum globulin (This will react with any immunoglobulin) Da Fluorescent spirochetes (see Figure 3.6b) None of the other four answers are correct The presence of T. pallidum bacteria in the patient's blood Whether the patient has made antibodies against other human antibodies Immunologic evidence of current or past infection with T. pallidum (i.e., Ab against T. pallidum) Growth of T. pallidum in culture from a syphilis patientarrow_forwardMatch the antibody isotype with its functional characteristics. Highly effective at activating complement, too large to get to infected tissues Crosses cells, including the placenta, neutralizes toxins Dimeric form crosses the intestinal epithelia using PlgR Crosslinking on the surface of the mast cell leads to degranulation and release of histamine Although the exact function of this isotype is unknown, we know it does NOT fix complement ✓Choose... IgD IgM IgG IgA IgE Choose...arrow_forwardName two ways in which the presence of antibodies enhances phagocytosis.arrow_forward
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