Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 44, Problem 8TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction: There are two types of photoreceptor cells in a human eye known as rods and cones. They both contain different types of opsin protein, which is a component of visual pigment. The visual pigment in rods is rhodopsin, whereas, in cones, the visual pigment is photopsins.
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The amount of glutamate release from photoreceptors of the vertebrateeye is highest whena. an animal is in full sunlight.b. an animal is in a completely dark place.c. an animal is in a dimly lit place.d. Na+ channels of the photoreceptors are closed.e. Both a and d are true.
Which of the following statements about photoreceptors is true?
A) There are more rod cells in the fovea of the eye, although overall there are more cones in the human eye.
B) All of these options
C) Photoreceptors are located near the front of the eye, in the cornea.
D) There are two types of photoreceptors, rods and cones, that contain different photopigments.
Regarding the sensation of various species, which of the following statements is false?
A. The eyes of honeybees transduce parts of the electromagnetic spectrum that are invisible to humans
B. Bats ears transduce sound waves that humans cannot hear
C. Research has shown that the human eye transducers all of the electromagnetic spectrum to the brain, but the brain is unable to perceive it.
D. Sharks have special organs that can sense the bioelectric fields of other living things
Chapter 44 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 44.1 - Prob. 1CSCh. 44.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 44.2 - Prob. 1CSCh. 44.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 44.2 - Prob. 2CSCh. 44.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 44.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 44.5 - Prob. 1CSCh. 44.5 - Why is red-green color blindness rare in females?Ch. 44.5 - Prob. 2CS
Ch. 44.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 44.6 - Prob. 1EQCh. 44.6 - CoreSKILL Of the two hypotheses explaining how...Ch. 44.6 - Prob. 3EQCh. 44.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 44 - The process in which incoming sensory stimulation...Ch. 44 - Prob. 2TYCh. 44 - ______blanksense pain; ______blank sense heat or...Ch. 44 - Prob. 4TYCh. 44 - In which process(es) are hair cells involved? a....Ch. 44 - Prob. 6TYCh. 44 - In the mammalian eye, light from near or far...Ch. 44 - Prob. 8TYCh. 44 - Prob. 9TYCh. 44 - The stimulation for olfaction involves odorant...Ch. 44 - Prob. 1CQCh. 44 - Prob. 2CQCh. 44 - Prob. 3CQCh. 44 - Discuss the several types of sensory stimuli that...Ch. 44 - Prob. 2COQ
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- When you are stalking your friend's social media via a smartphone.a. In your opinion, which receptor organs and cells function to process light stimuli so that they can be transmitted to neurons to become an electrical signal. Explain your answer!b. Describe in detail how the light transduction process pathway to the eye, so that it can see an information from your smartphone!arrow_forwardThe transduction process of converting light into neural signals sent to the central nervous system involves which of these steps? A. Bipolar Cells collect signals from Rods and Cones. B. The Optic Nerve carries signals about light from the Lateral Geniculate Nuclues to the Retinal Ganglion Cells. C. Retinal Ganglion Cells relay information to Rods and Cones. D. Light that reaches the eyes passes first through the Retina which focuses that light onto the Cornea.arrow_forwardGiven that frogs are nearsighted in air, which statement is most likely to be true about their vision in water? (a) They are even more nearsighted; because water has a higher index of refraction than air, a frog’s ability to focus light increases in water. (b) They are less nearsighted, because the cornea is less effective at refracting light in water than in air. (c) Their vision is no different, because only structures that are internal to the eye can affect the eye’s ability to focus. (d) The images projected on the retina are no longer inverted, because the eye in water functions as a diverging lens rather than a converging lens.arrow_forward
- Transduction of a stimulus usually causes depolarization of a sensory receptor. a.)In most receptors, what is the chemical basis for this depolarization (that is, what is the specific mechanism for the change)?b.)How is a photoreceptor different from other receptors in terms of its membrane potential? c.) Explain how photoreceptors in the light can lead to excitation of some bipolar cells and inhibition of othersarrow_forwardA device that monitors the activity of the photoreceptor cells of the eye indicates that there is a constant flow of neurotransmitter being released by the photoreceptor cells. This information implies that the subject is a. reading. b. in a dark room. c. outside in sunlight. d. in a brightly lit auditorium. e. focusing on a distant object.arrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes the function of a camera type eye? A) To form high-definition images that are transmitted to the brain. B) To gather and concentrate light through a lens onto retinal tissue which generates an impulse that is transmitted to the brain. C) To protect the optic nerve which generates an impulse that is transmitted to the brain. D) To detect vibrations through the vitreous body which generates an impulse that is transmitted to the brain.arrow_forward
- The order in which the cells in the eye process light is __________. A) photoreceptors; ganglion cells; bipolar cells B) ganglion cells; bipolar cells; photoreceptors C) photoreceptors; bipolar cells; ganglion cells D) bipolar cells; photoreceptors; ganglion cellsarrow_forwardWhich statement about compound eyes is true?a. They do not contain a lens or lenslike structure.b. They cannot sense color.c. They have from 1 to 10 ommatidia.d. They are found in insects and also many vertebrates.e. They probably have less resolving power thansingle-lens eyes.arrow_forwardEach of the following statements is false. Correct each statement to make it true. a. Activation of rhodopsin depolarizes photoreceptors. b. Activated rhodopsin activates transducin which deactivates cGMP phosphodiesterase. c. Cyclic GMP binds sodium channels, keeping them open, leading to the depolarization of photoreceptor in light.arrow_forward
- You are watching the stars at night, and you never seem to be looking at the right spot to catch the brightest meteors. Which of the following might explain this? a)Your fovea contains mostly cones; thus you see dim light especially well when looking right at it. b)Your peripheral retina contains more rods, which are more sensitive to dim light than cones; thus objects in your peripheral vision appear brighter in dim light situations. c)Detection of light depends mostly on its color rather than intensity; thus cones play a larger role in detection of light in dim light situations. d) all of the above. ( well explain the correct answer and type answer).arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about sensory systems is NOT true? a. Sensory transduction involves the conversion (by either a direct or indirect mechanism) of a physical or chemical stimulus into changes in membrane potential difference. b. Sensory adaptation plays a role in the ability of organisms to discriminate between important and unimportant information. c. The term "sensory adaptation" refers to the process by which a sensory cell becomes less sensitive, or less responsive, to a continuing source of stimulation. d. In general, a stimulus causes a change in the flow of charged ions across the plasma membrane of a sensory receptor cell. e. The more intense a stimulus is, the greater the peak depolarization of the action potentials fired by the sensory neuron.arrow_forwardWhich of these photoreceptor cells do not match their function? a) rods - night vision b) stavar - sharp-sighted c) drops - color vision d) No answer text provided.arrow_forward
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