Biological Science (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134678320
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Greg Podgorski, Emily Taylor, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 45, Problem 6TYU
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reason for the unbinding of the myosin to actin leading to stiffening of a body (rigor mortis) after death.
Introduction:
As per the sliding-filament theory of Huxley and Hanson, the muscles contract from the combined action of actin and myosin filaments. The head region of a myosin molecule binds to the actin molecule’s active site, which results in a conformational change. This occurs in the presence of an ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) molecule.
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- In the sliding filament theory of contraction, what prevents the filaments from sliding back to their original positions each time a myosin head releases to bind to next actin binding site?arrow_forwardMyosin filaments iterdigitate with actin filaments in order to bring about muscle contraction. Provide below the 5 steps that are required for Myosin to move along actin.arrow_forwardThere are at least 20 different types of myosin. What properties do all types share, and what makes them different?arrow_forward
- In the process of muscle contraction, which of the following steps requires hydrolysis of ATP to complete? movement of myosin head, pulling the thin filament binding of myosin head to active site on actin resetting of the myosin head back to its ready position letting go of myosin head from the active site on actin sliding of tropomyosin causing exposure of actinarrow_forwardWhich statement or statements describe why depletion of ATP after death leads to rigor mortis? Select all that apply. ATP is required to move tropomyosin back over the active sites of thin filaments. ATP is required for myosin thick filaments to detach from actin thin filaments. ATP is required to pump calcium back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. ATP is required for the action potential to spread across the sarcolemma.arrow_forwardIn the process of muscle contraction, which of the following steps immediately precedes the influx of sodium into a myofiber at the neuromuscular junction? release of calcium from the terminal cisternae sliding of tropomyosin causing exposure of actin propagation of an action potential down the t-tubules binding of myosin head to actin's active site binding of acetylcholine to its receptorarrow_forward
- What prevents the filaments from sliding back to their original position each time a myosin cross bridge detaches from actin?arrow_forwardSarcomeres that are very long at rest generate low amounts of tension because there is very little overlap between myosin heads and actin filaments. True Falsearrow_forwardWhich of the following step(s) about the excitation of skeletal muscle is/are incorrect? 1. Acetylcholine is released and binds to motor end plate receptors 2. An action potential is created and moves down T-tubules 3. Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum 4. Calcium ions bind to tropomyosin to shift troponin off the binding sites for cross-bridging 5. Myosin forms cross-bridges and binds with actin to pull it towards middle of sarcomerearrow_forward
- In the process of muscle contraction, which of the following steps immediately comes after the propagation of an action potential down the t-tubules of a myofiber? sliding of tropomyosin causing exposure of actin binding of myosin head to actin's active site release of calcium from the terminal cisternae binding of acetylcholine to its receptor influx of sodium at the sarcolemmaarrow_forwardA motor unit associated with the stimulation of skeletal muscle is designated as a 1:8 motor unit. Which of the following statements is correct? The motor unit consists of one somatic neuron and 8 myofibers (muscle fibers) Each of the myofibers in the motor unit is innervated by more than one neuron It is part of the autonomic nervous system The neuron in the motor unit is an afferent neuronarrow_forwardSkeletal muscle cells undergo contractions based on a molecular mechanism involving: 1)the sliding of actin and myosin filaments past each other without any change in filament length 2) the shortening of actin filaments following direct interaction with myosin 3) dynamic instability of microtubules 4)nonearrow_forward
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