Concept explainers
Interpretation: From the given options the correct option that contains species that are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic radius should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Atomic radius:
Atomic radius is the distance between the atomic nucleus and outermost electron of an atom. From the atomic radius, the size of atoms can be visualized. But there is no specific distance from nucleus to electron due to electron cloud around the atom does not have well-defined boundary.
Periodic Table: The available chemical elements are arranged considering their atomic number, the electronic configuration and their properties. The elements placed on the left of the table are metals and non-metals are placed on right side of the table.
In periodic table the horizontal rows are called periods and the vertical column are called group. There are seven periods and 18 groups present in the table and some of those groups are given particular name as follows,
Mass number: It is given by the total number of protons and the neutrons present in the nucleus of the element and it is denoted by symbol A. The subscript that lies on the left side of the symbol of the element represents the mass number.
Cation: Removal of electron from the atom results to form positively charged ion called cation.
Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.
The net charge present in the element denotes the presence or absence of electrons in the element.
In periodic table the horizontal rows are called periods and the vertical column are called group.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Student Solutions Manual For Chemistry: Atoms First
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- A fundamental relationship of electrostatics states that the en-ergy required to separate opposite charges of magnitudes Q1and Q2 that are the distance dapart is proportional to Q1XQ2/d .Use this relationship and any other factors to explain the fol-lowing observations: (a) the IE₂ of He (Z=2) is morethantwice the IE₁ of H (Z=1); (b) the IE₁ of He is less than twice the IE₁ of H.arrow_forwardUsing the periodic table and without looking at Table 7.3, write electron configurations for the following elements: (a) P (b) Zn (c) Zr (d) In (e) Pb (f) U Use the spdf and noble gas notations. When you have finished, check your answers with Table 7.3.arrow_forwardCesium is used extensively in photocells and in television cameras because it has the lowest ionization energy of all the stable elements. (a) What is the maximum kinetic energy of a photoelectron ejected from cesium by 520 nm light? Note that if the wavelength of the light used to irradiate the cesium surface becomes longer than 660 nm, no photoelectrons are emitted. (b) Use the rest mass of the electron to calculate the velocity of the photoelectron in (a).arrow_forward
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