Microbiology with Diseases by Body System - With Access (Custom)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781269950060
Author: BAUMAN
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 1M
- 1. _______ Occurs when energy from a compound containing phosphate reacts with ADP to form ATP
- 2. __ Involves formation of ATP via reduction or coenzymes in the electron transport chain
- 3. ____ Begins with glycolysi
- 4. _____ Occurs when active sites on substrate molecules are filled
- A. Seturntion
- B. Oxidative phosphorylation
- C. Substrate-level phosphorylation
- D. Photophosphorylation
- E. Carbohydrate catabolism
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2. Glycolysis yields:
a. more ATP than a cell needs to survive
b. 36 ATP only when O2 is used during this process
c. 2 ATP in both aerobic and anaerobic organisms
d. less ATP than it uses up during the process
3. Photosynthesis provides the following to living systems:
a. lipids and oxygen.
b. atmospheric oxygen and chemical energy
c. organic "fixed" carbon.
d. hydrophyllic compounds.
e. b and c
4. Gamma rays:
a. are necessary for plants to photosynthesize
b. cause cells to begin to divide
c. are high energy short wavelength rays from the sun
d. are low energy long wavelengths rays from the sun
Why must nitrogen fixation occur in an anoxic (i.e., oxygen-free) environment?
a)Because H2 is an additional product of nitrogen fixation, and the combination of H2 and O2 would cause the cell to combust.
b)Oxygen poisons the dinitrogenase enzyme by entering the FeMo cluster
c)Oxygen competes as an electron acceptor in the ETC, so electrons cannot be passed to N2.
d)Oxygen "steals" electrons from the dinitrogenase reductase, producing free radicals.
6. The CO2 released when we exhale is produced by:a) Glycolysis (glucose to pyruvate)b) The respiratory chain (electron transport chain)c) By pyruvate decarboxylation and by the TCA cycle.d) Fermentatione) All of the above
Chapter 5 Solutions
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System - With Access (Custom)
Ch. 5 - How can oxidation take place in an anaerobic...Ch. 5 - Why do electrons carried by NADH allow for...Ch. 5 - Why does catabolism of amino acids for energy...Ch. 5 - An uninformed student describes the Calvin-Benson...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5TMWCh. 5 - Why is feedback inhibition necessary for...Ch. 5 - Breaks a large molecule into smaller ones a....Ch. 5 - Includes dehydration synthesis reactions a....Ch. 5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 5 - Prob. 4MC
Ch. 5 - Involves the production of cell membrane...Ch. 5 - Includes hydrolytic reactions a. anabolism only b....Ch. 5 - Includes metabolism a. anabolism only b. both...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8MCCh. 5 - A reduced molecule _________. a. has gained...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10MCCh. 5 - Coenzymes are ________. a. types of apoenzymes b....Ch. 5 - Which of the following statements best describes...Ch. 5 - Which of the following does not affect the...Ch. 5 - Most oxidation reactions in bacteria involve the...Ch. 5 - Under ideal conditions, the fermentation of one...Ch. 5 - Under ideal conditions, the complete aerobic...Ch. 5 - Which of the following statements about the...Ch. 5 - Reactions involved in the light-independent...Ch. 5 - The glycolysis pathway is basically __________. a....Ch. 5 - A major difference between anaerobic respiration...Ch. 5 - 1. _______ Occurs when energy from a compound...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 1. The final electron acceptor...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 2. Two ATP molecules are used...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 3. The initial catabolism of...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 4. ________ is a cyclic series...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 5. The final electron acceptor...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 6. Three common inorganic...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 7. Anaerobic respiration...Ch. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 8. Complete the following...Ch. 5 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 5 - Fill in the Blanks 10 The main coenzymes that...Ch. 5 - VISUALIZE IT! 1 Label the mitochondrion to...Ch. 5 - Label the diagram below to indicate acetyl-CoA,...Ch. 5 - Examine the biosynthetic pathway for the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1SACh. 5 - Why we enzymes necessary for anabolic reactions to...Ch. 5 - How do organisms control the rate of metabolic...Ch. 5 - How does a nor-competitive inhibitor at a single...Ch. 5 - Explain the mechanism of negative feedback with...Ch. 5 - Facultative anaerobes can live under either...Ch. 5 - How does oxidation of a molecule occur without...Ch. 5 - List at least four groups of microorganisms that...Ch. 5 - Why do we breathe oxygen and give of carbon...Ch. 5 - Why do cyanobacteria and algae take in carbon...Ch. 5 - What happens to the carbon atoms in sugar...Ch. 5 - How do yeast cells make alcohol and cause bread to...Ch. 5 - Where specifically does the most significant...Ch. 5 - Why are vitamins essential metabolic factors for...Ch. 5 - A laboratory scientist notices that a cer1ain...Ch. 5 - Arsenic is a poison that exists in two states in...Ch. 5 - Explain why an excess of all three of the amino...Ch. 5 - Why might an organism that uses glycolysis and the...Ch. 5 - Describe how bacterial fermentation causes milk to...Ch. 5 - Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba histolytica are...Ch. 5 - Two cultures of a facultative anaerobe are grown...Ch. 5 - What is the maximum number of molecules of ATP...Ch. 5 - In terms of its effects on human metabolism, why...Ch. 5 - Cyanide is a potent poison because it irreversibly...Ch. 5 - How are photophosphorylation and oxidative...Ch. 5 - Members of the pathogenic bacterial genus...Ch. 5 - Compare and contrast aerobic respiration,...Ch. 5 - Scientists estimate that up to one-third of Earths...Ch. 5 - A young student was troubled by the idea that a...Ch. 5 - If a bacterium uses beta-oxidation to catabolize a...Ch. 5 - Some desert rodents rarely have water to drink....Ch. 5 - Prob. 17CTCh. 5 - We have examined the total ATP, NADH, and FADH2...Ch. 5 - Explain why hyperthermophiles do not cause disease...Ch. 5 - In addition to extremes in temperature and pH,...Ch. 5 - Figure 5.18b illustrates events in aerobic...Ch. 5 - Suppose you could insert a tiny pH probe into the...Ch. 5 - Even though Pseudomonas aeruginosa and...Ch. 5 - Photosynthetic organisms are rarely pathogenic....Ch. 5 - Prob. 25CTCh. 5 - A scientist moves a green plant grown in sunlight...Ch. 5 - What class of enzyme is involved in amination...Ch. 5 - Using the following terms, fill in the following...
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- 1. A bacterium that does not have all the enzymes of central metabolism: a. Will not be a viable cell and will quickly die b. Will not grow without being supplied precursor metabolites. c. Can produce all the precursor metabolites it needs from glucose d. Can produce all the precursor metabolites it needs from malatearrow_forwardWhat is / are the advantages of having a step by step breakdown pathway? Select all the correct answers. Select one or more: a.Creates multiple point of regulation b.controlled capture of released energy c.multiple entry points for breakdown substrates d.generates intermediates that can be used in anabolic metabolismarrow_forwardWhich of these is not true of the electron transport chain?a. The electron transport chain is located on the cristae of themitochindria.b. The electron transport chain produces more NADH than anymetabolic pathway.c. The electron transport chain contains cytochrome molecules.d. The electron transport chain ends when oxygen acceptselectrons.arrow_forward
- What are the different steps in oxidative phosphorylation? Which one is correct. a) The electron transport chain b) The investment phase c) ATP seemed d) The energy generation phase e) Glucolysis f) The fission phasearrow_forwardThe enzyme directly responsible for almost all carbon fixation on Earth is (a) rubisco (b) PEP carboxylase (c) ATP synthase (d) phosphofructokinase (e) maltasearrow_forwardWhich of the following pathways requires molecular oxygen (O2)? a. aerobic respiration b. lactate formation c. alcoholic fermentation d. photosynthesisarrow_forward
- The aerobic part of aerobic cellular respiration occurs during (a) glycolysis (b) the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA (c) the citric acid cycle (d) electron transport (e) all the preceding are aerobic processesarrow_forwardThe reactions of _____ take place within the cytosol of eukaryotic cells. (a) glycolysis (b) oxidation of pyruvate (c) the citric acid cycle (d) chemiosmosis (e) the electron transport chainarrow_forwardWhen NAD becomes NADH, the coenzyme has been ________. reduced oxidized metabolized hydrolyzedarrow_forward
- Which of the following reaction pathways is not part of the second stage of aerobic respiration? a. electron transfer phosphorylation b. acetyl-CoA formation c. Krebs cycle d. glycolysis e. a and darrow_forwardWhich molecule does not form during glycolysis? a. NADH b. pyruvate c. FADH2 d. ATParrow_forwardWhat is the final acceptor for electrons in cellular respiration? a. oxygen b. ATP c. carbon dioxide d. hydrogen e. waterarrow_forward
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