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Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The optically active compounds among the given compounds are to be identified.
Concept introduction:
The molecules that are non-superimposable or not identical with their mirror images are known as chiral molecules.
A pair of two mirror images that are non-identical is known as a pair of enantiomers, and these are optically active.
The enantiomers in which the path traced from the highest to the lowest
The enantiomers in which the path traced from the highest to the lowest atomic number is in the clockwise direction are designated as
The objects or molecules which are superimposable with their mirror images are achiral objects or molecules. These objects have a centre of symmetry or plane of symmetry.
The achiral compounds in which the plane of symmetry is present internally and consists of chiral centres are known as meso compounds, but they are optically inactive.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
ORGANIC CHEM. VOL.1+2-W/WILEYPLUS
- (a) All Isomers have the same molecular formulae. Explain this further. Hint what does it mean to have the same molecular formulae? (b) What is Constitutional (structural) isomerism? Hint, isomers are different, so what is different between a pair of constitutional isomers (see the chart on the last page for examples). (c) What is Conformational isomerism?arrow_forward2.35 Consider 1-bromo-2-methylpropane and draw the following.(a) The staggered conformation(s) of lowest energy(b) The staggered conformation(s) of highest energyarrow_forwardWhich of (a)-(d) is not aromatic? (B) (A) (C) (D)arrow_forward
- PRACTICE PROBLEM 2.2 The compounds in each part below have the same (or similar) molecular weights. Which compound in cach part would you expect to have the higher boiling point? Explain your answers. (a) OH or (c) OH or HO (b) (CHN or A factor (in addition to polarity and hydrogen bonding) that affects the melting point of many organic compounds is the compactness and rigidity of their individual molecules. • Molecules that are symmetrical generally have abnormally high melting points. sert- Buryl alcohol, for example, has a much higher melting point than the other isomeric alcohols shown here: OH OH tert-Butyl alcohol (mp 25 "C) Butyl alcohol (mp -00 "C) Isobutyl alcohol sec-Butyl alcohol (mp 108 C) (mp-114 C) о оarrow_forwardDraw a bond-line diagram for the compounds below. Which of the following compounds is chiral? (a) 2-bromobutane (b) methylcyclohexane (draw a chair configuration)arrow_forward2.34 Consider 1-bromopropane, CH3CH2CH2Br.(a) Draw a Newman projection for the conformation in which !CH3 and !Br are anti (dihedral angle 1808).(b) Draw Newman projections for the conformations in which !CH3 and !Br are gauche (dihedral angles 608 and 3008).(c) Which of these is the lowest energy conformation?(d) Which of these conformations, if any, are related by reflection?arrow_forward
- Which is aromatic? (3)arrow_forwardWrite structural formulas for all the constitutionally isomeric compounds having the given molecular formula.(a) C4H10(b) C5H12(c) C2H4Cl2(d) C4H9Br(e) C3H9Narrow_forward2.(a) Different conformations are found in 2-methylpentane. (i) Using Newman Projection, draw all the possible staggered and eclipsed conformations of pentane by referring to the bond rotation at C3-C4.(ii) Compare their stability and explain your answer.arrow_forward
- Write structural formulas for all the constitutional isomers of (a) C3H8 (b) C3H6 (c) C3H4arrow_forwardWhat is the correct IUPAC name for Cr₂O₃? (I) (II) (III) (IV) tri- di- penta- mono- tetra- hexa- hepta- octa- carbon oxate chromate chromium oxygen oxide peroxide hydrate acid Deletearrow_forwardProvide the correct IUPAC name for N₂Br3. (1) () () (IV) tri- di-penta-tetra- mono- hexa- octa- hepta- bromite nickel bromide nitrogen niobium bromate hydrate acid Deletearrow_forward
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