Universe
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319039448
Author: Robert Geller, Roger Freedman, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 5, Problem 45Q
To determine
The speed of the star Megrez, and also, whether the star is coming towards us or moving away from us, if the wavelength
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A star is 15.0 light - years (ly) from Earth. (a) At what constant speed must a spacecraft travel on its journey to the star so that the Earth–star distance measured by an astronaut onboard the spacecraft is 3.00 ly? (b) What is the journey’s travel time in years as measured by a person on Earth and (c) by the astronaut?
A supernova explosion of a 2.00×1031 kg star produces 1.00×1044 J of energy. (a) How many kilograms of mass are converted to energy in the explosion? (b) What is the ratio Δm / m of mass destroyed to the original mass of the star?
A star is 12.2 ly (light-years) from Earth.
HINT
(a)
At what constant speed (in m/s) must a spacecraft travel on its journey to the star so that the Earth–star distance measured by an astronaut onboard the spacecraft is 4.36 ly?
m/s
(b)
What is the journey's travel time in years as measured by a person on Earth?
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Universe
Ch. 5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 5 - Prob. 4CCCh. 5 - Prob. 5CCCh. 5 - Prob. 6CCCh. 5 - Prob. 7CCCh. 5 - Prob. 8CCCh. 5 - Prob. 9CCCh. 5 - Prob. 10CC
Ch. 5 - Prob. 11CCCh. 5 - Prob. 12CCCh. 5 - Prob. 13CCCh. 5 - Prob. 14CCCh. 5 - Prob. 1CLCCh. 5 - Prob. 2CLCCh. 5 - Prob. 3CLCCh. 5 - Prob. 1QCh. 5 - Prob. 2QCh. 5 - Prob. 3QCh. 5 - Prob. 4QCh. 5 - Prob. 5QCh. 5 - Prob. 6QCh. 5 - Prob. 7QCh. 5 - Prob. 8QCh. 5 - Prob. 9QCh. 5 - Prob. 10QCh. 5 - Prob. 11QCh. 5 - Prob. 12QCh. 5 - Prob. 13QCh. 5 - Prob. 14QCh. 5 - Prob. 15QCh. 5 - Prob. 16QCh. 5 - Prob. 17QCh. 5 - Prob. 18QCh. 5 - Prob. 19QCh. 5 - Prob. 20QCh. 5 - Prob. 21QCh. 5 - Prob. 22QCh. 5 - Prob. 23QCh. 5 - Prob. 24QCh. 5 - Prob. 25QCh. 5 - Prob. 26QCh. 5 - Prob. 27QCh. 5 - Prob. 28QCh. 5 - Prob. 29QCh. 5 - Prob. 30QCh. 5 - Prob. 31QCh. 5 - Prob. 32QCh. 5 - Prob. 33QCh. 5 - Prob. 34QCh. 5 - Prob. 35QCh. 5 - Prob. 36QCh. 5 - Prob. 37QCh. 5 - Prob. 38QCh. 5 - Prob. 39QCh. 5 - Prob. 40QCh. 5 - Prob. 41QCh. 5 - Prob. 42QCh. 5 - Prob. 43QCh. 5 - Prob. 44QCh. 5 - Prob. 45QCh. 5 - Prob. 46QCh. 5 - Prob. 47QCh. 5 - Prob. 48QCh. 5 - Prob. 49QCh. 5 - Prob. 50QCh. 5 - Prob. 51Q
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- In December 2012, researchers announced the discovery of ultramassive black holes, with masses up to 40 billion times themass of the Sun (seen as the bright spot at the center of the galaxy near the center of Fig. P39.78). a. What is the Schwarz-schild radius of a black hole that has a mass 40 billion times that of the Sun? b. Suppose this black hole is 1.3 billion ly from theEarth. What is the angular radius of a galaxy that is 1.7 billion lybehind it, as viewed from the Earth? FIGURE P39.78arrow_forwardConsider a spiral galaxy that is moving directly away from Earth with a speed V = 3.040×105 m/s at its center, as shown in the figure. The galaxy is also rotating about its center, so that points in its spiral arms are moving with a speed v = 6.950×105 m/s relative to the center. A) If light with a frequency of 7.543×1014 Hz is emitted in both arms of the galaxy, what frequency is detected by astronomers observing the arm that is moving toward the Earth? (Measurements of this type are used to map out the speed of various regions in distant, rotating galaxies.) Express your answer using four significant figures. B) If light with a frequency of 7.543×1014 Hz is emitted in both arms of the galaxy, what frequency is detected by astronomers observing the arm that is moving away from Earth? Express your answer using four significant figures.arrow_forwardIf light of frequency 200,000,000 vib/s from a star is observed to have a frequency of 188,000,000 vib/s when measured on Earth, then the speed of that star relative to Earth is...arrow_forward
- What would the wavelength of the 21 cm line be for a source moving away from the Earth at 10% the speed of light? What is the source of this 21 cm line?arrow_forwardWhat is the significance of the Michelson-Morley experiment in the study of light's speed?arrow_forward. Many galaxies have supermassive black holes at their centers. As material swirls around such a black hole, it is heated, becomes ionized, and generates strong magnetic fields. The resulting magnetic forces steer some of the material into high-speed jets that blast out of the galaxy and into intergalactic space. The light we observe from the jet in Fig. has a frequency of 6.66x10^14 Hz (in the far ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum), but in the reference frame of the jet material, the light has a frequency of 5.55x10^13 Hz (in the infrared). What is the speed of the jet material with respect to us?arrow_forward
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