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(a)
Interpretation:
Possible geometric isomers for the given compound should be drawn and these isomers have to be named.
Concept introduction:
- Molecular structure is the arrangement of
chemical bonds between atoms in a molecule (or in an ion or radical with multiple atoms), specifically which atoms are chemically bonded to what other atoms with what kind of chemical bond. From the IUPAC name of compound its structure can be easily drawn. - IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.
- Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.
- Suffix denotes the presence of
functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene,alkyne , alcohol,carboxylic acid , alcohol etc. - For
alkenes , suffix will be ‘ene’. - Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.
- When a molecule consists of cyclic structure, the root word of the molecule is prefixed with cyclo, if it is two cyclic structure combined then prefixed with bicyclo.
- E-Z designators are used as like cis-trans terminology for non-similar groups attached alkenes.
- In E-Z designations, the groups attached to vinylic positions are checked by their priority on the basis of higher molecular weight.
- If the higher priority groups are on the same sides, then the configuration is designated as Z. If the higher priority groups are on the opposite sides, then the configuration is designated as E.
(b)
Interpretation:
Possible geometric isomers for the given compound should be drawn and these isomers have to be named.
Concept introduction:
- Molecular structure is the arrangement of chemical bonds between atoms in a molecule (or in an ion or radical with multiple atoms), specifically which atoms are chemically bonded to what other atoms with what kind of chemical bond. From the IUPAC name of compound its structure can be easily drawn.
- IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.
- Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.
- Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.
- For alkenes, suffix will be ‘ene’.
- Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.
- When a molecule consists of cyclic structure, the root word of the molecule is prefixed with cyclo, if it is two cyclic structure combined then prefixed with bicyclo.
- E-Z designators are used as like cis-trans terminology for non-similar groups attached alkenes.
- In E-Z designations, the groups attached to vinylic positions are checked by their priority on the basis of higher molecular weight. If the higher priority groups are on the same sides, then the configuration is designated as Z. If the higher priority groups are on the opposite sides, then the configuration is designated as E.
(c)
Interpretation:
Possible geometric isomers for the given compound should be drawn and these isomers have to be named.
Concept introduction:
- Molecular structure is the arrangement of chemical bonds between atoms in a molecule (or in an ion or radical with multiple atoms), specifically which atoms are chemically bonded to what other atoms with what kind of chemical bond. From the IUPAC name of compound its structure can be easily drawn.
- IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.
- Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.
- Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.
- For alkenes, suffix will be ‘ene’.
- Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.
- When a molecule consists of cyclic structure, the root word of the molecule is prefixed with cyclo, if it is two cyclic structure combined then prefixed with bicyclo.
- E-Z designators are used as like cis-trans terminology for non-similar groups attached alkenes.
- In E-Z designations, the groups attached to vinylic positions are checked by their priority on the basis of higher molecular weight. If the higher priority groups are on the same sides, then the configuration is designated as Z. If the higher priority groups are on the opposite sides, then the configuration is designated as E.
(d)
Interpretation:
Possible geometric isomers for the given compound should be drawn and these isomers have to be named.
Concept introduction:
- Molecular structure is the arrangement of chemical bonds between atoms in a molecule (or in an ion or radical with multiple atoms), specifically which atoms are chemically bonded to what other atoms with what kind of chemical bond. From the IUPAC name of compound its structure can be easily drawn.
- IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.
- Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.
- Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.
- For alkenes, suffix will be ‘ene’.
- Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.
- When a molecule consists of cyclic structure, the root word of the molecule is prefixed with cyclo, if it is two cyclic structure combined then prefixed with bicyclo.
- E-Z designators are used as like cis-trans terminology for non-similar groups attached alkenes.
- In E-Z designations, the groups attached to vinylic positions are checked by their priority on the basis of higher molecular weight. If the higher priority groups are on the same sides, then the configuration is designated as Z. If the higher priority groups are on the opposite sides, then the configuration is designated as E.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Organic Chemistry; Modified MasteringChemistry with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card; Study Guide and Student Solutions Manual for Organic Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition (7th Edition)
- Synthesize the following using acetylene as the initial starting material. You can use any other organic/inorganic compound. a. 2,2-dibromopentane b. trans-3-hexene c. 2-chloro-1-pentenearrow_forwardA student was given the structural formulas of several compounds and was asked to give them systematic names. How many did the student name correctly? Correct those that are misnamed. a. 4-bromo-3-pentanol b. 2,2-dimethyl-4-ethylheptane c. 5-methylcyclohexanol d. 1,1-dimethyl-2-cyclohexanol e. 5-(2,2-dimethylethyl)nonane f. isopentylbromide g. 3,3-dichlorooctane h. 5-ethyl-2-methylhexane i. 1-bromo-4-pentanol j. 3-isopropyloctane k. 2-methyl-2-isopropylheptane l. 2-methyl-N,N-dimethyl-4-hexanaminearrow_forwardDraw skeletal structures for the following: a. 5-ethyl-2-methyloctane b. 1,3-dimethylcyclohexane c. 2,3,3,4-tetramethylheptane d. propylcyclopentane e. 2-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)octane f. 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)decanearrow_forward
- Show how to convert 1- Butene into these compounds. a. Butane b. 2- Butanol c. 2- Bromobutane d. 1,2- Dibromobutanearrow_forward4. MAINIDEA Compare and contrast alkyl halides and aryl halides. 5. Draw structures for the following molecules. a. 2-chlorobutane c. 1,1,1-trichloroethane b. 1,3-difluorohexane d. 1-bromo-4-chlorobenzene 6. Define functional group and name the group present in each of the following structures. Name the type of organic compound each substance represents. a. CH3CH,CH2OH b. CH;CH,F c. CH;CH,NH2 7. Evaluate How would you expect the boiling points of propane and 1-chloropropane to compare? Explain your answer. d. CH3C- OH 8. Interpret Scientific Illustrations Examine the pair of substituted hydrocarbons illustrated at right, and decide whether it represents a pair of optical isomers. Explain your answer.arrow_forwardWrite the equation for the following reactions: a. 2-butene + HCI b. 1,2-dichloro-1-propene + water c. Propyne + oxygen d. 1, 3-pentadiene + bromine e. cis-3,3,4-trimethyl-1-hexene + H₂ parrow_forward
- D. Ethene 73. The reagent KMN04 is used to completely oxidize acetylene. What is an expected property of the last oxidized form of acetylene? A. It will be soluble in hexane. B. It will exhibit acidic properties. C. It will form precipitate with NaCl. D. It will ionize into carbon and hydrogen. 74. As the molecular weight of alkenes increases, the boiling points also increase. Which of the following factors is best associated to this trend? A. Geometric isomerism B. Surface area C. Dipole interaction D. Structural isomerism 75. Which among the following compounds has the most electronegative carbon in its structure? A. Butyne B. Benzene C. Cyclobutane D. Benzaldehyde 76. Identify the SYSTEMATIC name of the molecule that is illustrated in this item, A. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene B. 2-methyl-1,3,5-nitrobenzene C. 1-methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene D. 1,3,5-trinitrotoluene CH3 NO2 O2N NO2 77 Identify the SYSTEMATIC name of the molecule that is illustrated in this item. A 1-methylbenzenesulfonic…arrow_forwardC. Write the condensed structural formula for each of the following molecules 1. 3-ethylhexane 2. 1,3-dimethylcyclopentane 3. 1,3-dichloro-3-methylheptane 4. Isopropylcyclopentane 5. 2-bromo-4-methylheptane D. Write the structural formula of the monohalogenated product formed in this reaction. CH –CH + Br tEh 3 3arrow_forwardA student was given the structural formulas of several compounds and was asked to give them systematic names. How many did she name correctly? Correct those that are misnamed. a. 4-ethyl-2-pentyne b. 2-methyl-3-hexyne c. 4-chloro-2-pentyne d. 2,3-dimethyl-5-octyne e. 4-heptynearrow_forward
- Draw the condensed formula of each of the following compounds:a. 1-Bromo-2-chlorohexane c. 1,3,5-Trichloroheptane e. 1,2-Dibromo-3-chlorobutaneb. 2,3-Dimethylpentane d. 3-Chloro-5-iodo-4-methyloctane f. Trifluorochloromethanearrow_forwardConsider the following starting material and choose all of the functional groups that are likely to oxidize in it. a. aldehyde b. secondary alcohol c. alkane d. hemiacetal e. carboxylic acid f. alkenearrow_forwardA student was given the structural formulas of several compounds and was asked to give them systematic names. How many did she name correctly? Correct those that are misnamed. a. 4-ethyl-2-pentyne b. 1-bromo-4-heptyne c. 2-methyl-3-hexyne d. 3-pentynearrow_forward
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