Concept explainers
5-118 Isooctane, which has a chemical formula C8H18 is the component of gasoline from which the term octane rating derives.
(a) Write the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of isooctane.
(b) The density of isooctane is 0.792 g/mL. How many kg of C02 are produced each year by the annual U.S. gasoline consumption of L?
(c) What is the volume in liters of this CO2 at STP?
(d) The chemical formula for isooctane can be represented by (CH3)3CCH2CH(CH3)2. Draw a Lewis structure of isooctane.
(e) Another molecule with the same molecular formula is octane, which can be represented by:
When comparing isooctane and octane, one structure is observed to have a boiling point of 99°C, while another is known to have a boiling point Of 125°C. Which substance, isooctane or octane, is expected to have the higher boiling point?
(f) Determine whether isooctane or octane is expected to have the greater vapor pressure.
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Chapter 5 Solutions
Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry
- 5-34 A sample of 30.0 mL of krypton gas, Kr, is at 756 mm Hg and 25.0°C. What is the new volume if the pressure is decreased to 325 mm Hg and the temperature is decreased to-12.5°C?arrow_forward5-37 A sample of a gas at 77°C and 1.33 atm occupies a volume of 50.3 L. (a) How many moles of the gas are present? (b) Does your answer depend on knowing what gas it is?arrow_forward5-114 Carbon dioxide gas, saturated with water vapor, can be produced by the addition of aqueous acid to calcium carbonate based on the following balanced net ionic equation: (a) How many moles of wet CO (g), collected at 60.°C and 774 torr total pressure, are produced by the complete reaction of 10.0 g of CaCO3 with excess acid? (b) What volume does this wet CO2 occupy? (c) What volume would the CO2 occupy at 774 torr if a desiccant (a chemical drying agent) were added to remove the water? The vapor pressure of water at 60.°C is 149.4 mm Hg.arrow_forward
- 5-41 Does the density of a gas increase, decrease, or stay the same as the pressure increases at constant temperature? As the temperature increases at constant pressure?arrow_forward5-113 Ammonia and gaseous hydrogen chloride react to form ammonium chloride according to the following equation: If 4.21 L of NH3(g) at 27°C and 1.02 atm is combined with 5.35 L of HCI(g) at 26°C and 0.998 atm, what mass of NH4CI(s) will be generated?arrow_forwardA sample of natural gas is 85.2% methane, CH4, and 14.8% ethane, C2H6, by mass. What is the density of this mixture at 18C and 771 mmHg?arrow_forward
- 109 An ore sample with a mass of 670 kg contains 27.7% magnesium carbonate, MgCO3. If all of the magnesium carbonate in this ore sample is decomposed to form carbon dioxide, describe how to determine what volume of CO2 is evolved during the process. What would have to be measured to predict the needed volume in advance?arrow_forwardA sample of a breathing mixture for divers contained 34.3% helium, He; 51.7% nitrogen, N2; and 14.0% oxygen, O2 (by mass). What is the density of this mixture at 22C and 775 mmHg?arrow_forward5-54 Automobile air bags are inflated by nitrogen gas. When a significant collision occurs, an electronic sensor triggers the decomposition of sodium azide to form nitrogen gas and sodium metal. The nitrogen gas then inflates nylon bags, which protect the driver and front-seat passenger from impact with the dashboard and windshield. What volume of nitrogen gas measured at 1 atm and 27°C is formed by the decomposition of 100. g of sodium azide?arrow_forward
- 5-33 A certain quantity of helium gas is at a temperature of 27 °C and a pressure of 1.00 atm. What will the new temperature be if its volume is doubled at the same time that its pressure is decreased to one-half its original value?arrow_forward5-46 Calculate the molar mass of a gas if 3.30 g of the gas occupies 660. mL. at 735 mm Hg and 27°C.arrow_forwardUranium hexafluoride, UF6, is a white solid that sublimes (vaporizes without melting) at 57C under normal atmospheric pressure. The compound is used to separate uranium isotopes by effusion. What is the rms speed (in m/s) of a uranium hexafluoride molecule at 57C?arrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning