Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188138
Author: Peter H Raven, George B Johnson Professor, Kenneth A. Mason Dr. Ph.D., Jonathan Losos Dr., Susan Singer
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 50, Problem 3U
A shark’s blood is isotonic to the surrounding seawater because of the reabsorption of ____ in its blood.
a. ammonia
b. uric acid
c. urea
d. NaCl
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Many types of fishes live in freshwater. Generally, water moves by osmosis from the surrounding fresh water into the fish's body. This observation helps to explain which feature of the excretory systems of freshwater fishes?
a. They tend to produce dilute, watery urine.
b. They tend to produce concentrated, dark urine.
c. They do not produce urine, but instead conserve or re-use nitrogenous wastes.
d. They may produce either dilute or concentrated urine, depending on the activity of the fish.
The urodeum is the
a.) Filtering organ that replaces the mammalian kidney
b.) Middle chamber of the cloaca
c.) Material excreted by amphibians
d.) Structure that allows reptiles to produce urine that's more concentrated than their blood.
To compensate for fluid loss, many marine bony fishes (a) accumulate urea (b) have glands that excrete glucose (c) eat a low-protein diet (d) excrete a large volume of hypertonic urine (e) drink sea water
Chapter 50 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 50 - Which of the following is NOT an ion...Ch. 50 - Prob. 2UCh. 50 - A sharks blood is isotonic to the surrounding...Ch. 50 - An important function of the excretory system is...Ch. 50 - Which of the following is a function of the...Ch. 50 - Humans excrete their excess nitrogenous wastes as...Ch. 50 - An osmoregulator would maintain its internal...Ch. 50 - Prob. 1ACh. 50 - A viral infection that specifically interferes...Ch. 50 - Diuretics are drugs that can be used to treat high...
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- Marine reptiles eliminate excess salt bya. transport across their gills.b. excretion through salt glands.c. reabsorption in the nephron tubules.d. excretion through the cloaca.arrow_forwardThe kidneys in human beings are parts of the system for: (a) nutrition(b) respiration(c) excretion(d) transpirationarrow_forwardLong nephron loopsa. are common in animals with access to abundant freshwater.b. allow urine to become concentrated within thecollecting duct.c. are the most common type of nephron loop in humans.d. extend deep into the renal cortex.arrow_forward
- You are studying renal function in different species of mammals that are found in very different environments. You look at species from a desert environment and compare them with ones from a tropical environment. The desert species would be expected to havea. shorter loops of Henle than the tropical species.b. longer loops of Henle than the tropical species.c. shorter proximal convoluted tubules than the tropical species.d. longer distal convoluted tubules than the tropical species.arrow_forwardWhich of these is not a function of the kidneys? A) The kidneys regulate the plasma volume B) The kidneys help to regulate blood pressure C) The kidneys help control the rate of red blood cell production D) The kidneys deactivate vitamin D and stimulate the activity of osteoclastsarrow_forwardTo keep the proper concentrations of water and solutes in their blood, freshwater bony fish must drinka. lots of water and excrete large volumes of urine that are hypotonic to body fluids.b. no water and excrete large volumes of urine that are hypotonic to body fluids.c. lots of water and excrete large volumes of urine that are isotonic to body fluids.d. no water and excrete large volumes of urine that are isotonic to body fluids.arrow_forward
- The kidneys play a major role in maintaining A)homeostasis by removing urea, water, and other wastes from the blood. B)the concentration of digestive enzymes in the blood. C)the proper glucose levels in the blood. D)the proper breathing rate.arrow_forwardBirds that live in marine environments and thus lack access to fresh drinking water A)obtain water by eating only osmoregulating prey. B)osmoregulate without using a transport epithelium for this purpose. C)drink seawater and secrete excess ions through their kidneys only. D)drink seawater and secrete excess ions mainly through their nasal salt glands. E)have plasma that is isoosmotic to ocean water.arrow_forwardIn reptiles, distal collecting tubules merge to form collecting ducts, which ultimately form the ____. a. ureter b. urodeum c. cloaca d. renal veinarrow_forward
- Humans excrete their excess nitrogenous wastes as a. uric acid crystals. b. compounds containing protein. c. ammonia. d. urea.arrow_forwardWhich of the following animals generally has the lowestvolume of urine production?(A) vampire bat(B) salmon in fresh water(C) marine bony fish(D) freshwater flatwormarrow_forwardWhat does vasopressin do? A. It increases both urination and thirst. B. It decreases both urination and thirst. C. It decreases urination and increases thirst. D. It increases urination and decreases thirst.arrow_forward
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