Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 5.1, Problem 1CSC
Vicious Venoms
Some of the most devastating effects of certain snake and spider venoms occur because they contain phospholipids, enzymes that break down phospholipids. You now know that phospholipids are a major component of cell membranes, which isolate the cell’s contents from its surroundings. As the phospholipids degrade, the membranes become leaky, causing the cells to die.
As if phospholipids aren't deadly enough, snake venoms also contain enzymes that break down proteins. What functions do membrane proteins serve?
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 5.1 - Vicious Venoms Some of the most devastating...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 1TCCh. 5.1 - Prob. 2CSCCh. 5.1 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 5.1 - diagram and describe the fluid mosaic model of...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 5.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 5.2 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 5.3 - What is likely to have happened If, instead of...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 1HYEW
Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 2TCCh. 5.3 - If a plant cell is placed in water containing no...Ch. 5.3 - Would a cell over use active transport to move...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 5TCCh. 5.3 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 5.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 5.3 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 5.3 - Prob. 6TCCh. 5 - Animal cells are surrounded by________ fluid is...Ch. 5 - Which of the following cannot enter a cell by...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 5 - Prob. 4MCCh. 5 - Prob. 5MCCh. 5 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 5 - A membrane that is permeable to some substances...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 5 - After each molecule, place the two-word term that...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 5 - Prob. 1RQCh. 5 - Prob. 2RQCh. 5 - What are the five categories of proteins commonly...Ch. 5 - Prob. 4RQCh. 5 - Define hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic. What...Ch. 5 - Describe the following types of transport...Ch. 5 - Prob. 7RQCh. 5 - Prob. 8RQCh. 5 - Prob. 1ACCh. 5 - Predict and sketch the configuration that ten...
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- Phospholipid tails can be saturated or unsaturated (Chapter 2).This is true of phospholipids in plasma membranes as well. Which type—saturated or unsaturated— would make the membrane more fluid? Why?arrow_forwardA phospholipid ________. has both polar and nonpolar regions is made up of a triglyceride bonded to a phosphate group is a building block of ATP can donate both cations and anions in solutionarrow_forwardOrganelles and Cystic Fibrosis A plasma membrane transport protein called CFTR moves chloride ions out of cells lining cavities and ducts of the lungs, liver, pancreas, intestines, and reproductive system. Water that follows the ions creates a thin film that allows mucus to slide easily through these structures. People with cystic fibrosis (CF) have too few copies of the CFTR protein in the plasma membranes of their cells. Not enough chloride ions leave the cells, and so not enough water leaves them either. The result is thick, dry mucus that clogs the airways to the lungs and other passages. Symptoms include difficulty breathing and chronic lung infections. In 2000, researchers tracked the cellular location of the CFTR protein as it was being produced in cells from people with CF (Figure 3.13). Figure 3.13 Cellular location of the CFTR protein. Graph compares the amounts of CFTR protein found in endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles traveling from ER to Golgi, and Golgi bodies in CF cells and normal cells. In which organelle is the amount of CFTR protein most similar in both types of cells?arrow_forward
- Organelles and Cystic Fibrosis A plasma membrane transport protein called CFTR moves chloride ions out of cells lining cavities and ducts of the lungs, liver, pancreas, intestines, and reproductive system. Water that follows the ions creates a thin film that allows mucus to slide easily through these structures. People with cystic fibrosis (CF) have too few copies of the CFTR protein in the plasma membranes of their cells. Not enough chloride ions leave the cells, and so not enough water leaves them either. The result is thick, dry mucus that clogs the airways to the lungs and other passages. Symptoms include difficulty breathing and chronic lung infections. In 2000, researchers tracked the cellular location of the CFTR protein as it was being produced in cells from people with CF (Figure 3.13). Figure 3.13 Cellular location of the CFTR protein. Graph compares the amounts of CFTR protein found in endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles travel in g from ER to Golgi, and Golgi bodies in CF cells and normal cells. Which organelle contains the least amount of CFTR protein in normal cells? In CF cells?arrow_forwardWhich characteristic of a phospholipid contributes to the fluidity of the membrane? its head cholesterol a saturated fatty acid tail double bonds in the fatty acid tailarrow_forwardWhich of the following is surrounded by two phospholipid bilayers? the ribosomes the vesicles the cytoplasm the nucleoplasmarrow_forward
- Cell membranes consists mainly of ________ and ________ . a. lipids; carbohydrates c. lipids; phospholipids b. phospholipids; protein d. phospholipids; ECMarrow_forwardThinking about cell membranes. a) The fatty acid tails of the phospholipids that make up cell membranes canbe either saturated or unsaturated. Which type of lipid will lead to a membranewith more mechanical strength? Explain your answer. b) One difference between bacterial and eukaryotic membranes is the presenceof cholesterol in eukaryotic membranes. What is the structure of cholesterol?Explain how adding cholesterol to a phospholipid membrane will affect thestability of the membrane. c) “Anammox” bacteria are unique in that they can perform anaerobic ammoniaoxidation, or the production of nitrogen gas from ammonia (Damasté et al. Nature2002, 419, 708.). Intermediates along this reaction pathway include hydrazine(N2H4) and hydroxylamine (NH2OH), both of which are extremely toxic to the cell.The ammonia oxidation reactions are believed to occur inside a membrane-bound structure within the cell called the “anammoxosome.” The structure of oneof the lipids of the anammoxosome is shown…arrow_forwardA) Briefly describe the basic structure of phospholipids and explain how they can provide an effective barrier against the unregulated movement of molecules into or out of cells. B) Not all phospholipids are identical to one another. Describe two components (parts) of that can be altered to create variation between different phospholipids.arrow_forward
- You can choose one or more than one option Membranes are components of which of the following structures: CELL BIOLOGY basic Microtubules Nucleus Golgi apparatus Endoplasmic reticulum Mitochondrion 4 4. Which of the following compounds can be used to make glucose in animals? BIOCHEMISTRY basic Glycerol Lactate Pyruvate Lysine Valine Which of the following atoms is found in RNA and DNA: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY basic Iron Oxygen Carbon Sulfur Hydrogen On gene expression control what are the correct statements? MOLECULAR. BIOLOGY basic Eubacteria control translation of their mRNAs in their nuclei. RNA editing is a rare molecular process shared by Eukaryotes. Prokaryotes and Viruses The compactness of chromatin is the first point of gene expression control in Eukaryotes Bacterial transcription can be under either positive or negative control RNA interference leads to messenger RNA imRNA) digestion About the pituitary gland, what are the correct statements?…arrow_forwardMedicine alcohol, and many drugs are detoxified in liver cells. Why do you think the liver cells of some people who abuse alcohol and drugs have an increased amount smooth we?arrow_forwardA phospholipid ________.a. has both polar and nonpolar regionsb. is made up of a triglyceride bonded to aphosphate groupc. is a building block of ATPd. can donate both cations and anions in solutionarrow_forward
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