Chapter 5.2, Problem 50E

a)

To determine

To find individuals and variables.

Answer to Problem 50E

An individual is “member of the U.S. senate” and the variables are Political affiliation and Gender.

Explanation of Solution

First need to understand about individual and variable:

Individual: It is the objects which described by the set of the data.

Variable: It is the topic in which study is investigated.

Therefore, for given study, individual is “member of the U.S. senate”. The variables are Political affiliation and Gender.

b)

To determine

To find probabilities.

Explanation of Solution

Given:

	Male	Female
Democrats	47	13
Republicans	36	4

Formula:

  $Probability=\frac{Numberoffavorableoutcomes}{Totalpossibleoutcomes}$

Total possible outcomes = 47+13+36+4 = 100

Therefore,

Probability of Democrat:

  $Probability=\frac{47+13}{100}=0.60$

Probability of female:

  $Probability=\frac{13+4}{100}=0.17$

Probability of female democrat:

  $Probability=\frac{13}{100}=0.13$

Probability that a female or democrat:

  $Probability=\frac{47+13+4}{100}=0.64$