BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 53, Problem 1A
Summary Introduction
To suggest:
A hypothesis for the reason that why shore crabs eat smaller sized mussels than expected by an optimal foraging model and also to describe an experiment to test the hypothesis.
Introduction:
Optimal foraging theory is a model that helps to determine the animal behavior while searching for food. Food provides energy to the animal, but foraging or searching and capturing of food needs both energy and time. Optimal foraging theory suggests that natural selection favors those animals whose foraging behavior is such energetically efficient that their increased energy reserves result in increased reproductive success.
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Do the following two hypothesis supports their graphs? Explain.
Figure 1: The hypothesis for novice vs. experienced foraging is that animals who have been foraging for ages should have a greater chance of survival than beginner foragers since they are more skilled and invest less time looking for food.
Figure 2: The hypothesis behind the impact of Prey camouflage is that if animals, especially novice foragers, take too much time searching, they are visible to predators for long durations, providing a better chance to attack.
Interpret the following graphs:
In the graphs, the number of days are 18.. 1 day is equal to 60 sec. For the first graph, days are taken on x-axis. The mean foraging times are taken on y-axis.
Why does central place foraging cause animals that travel farther to bring back larger amounts of food?
Chapter 53 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 53.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.4 - Prob. 2LO
Ch. 53.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53.5 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.7 - Define migration.Ch. 53.7 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.7 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53.8 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.8 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.8 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53.9 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.9 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.10 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.10 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.11 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.11 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.11 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53.12 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.12 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.12 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53.13 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.13 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.13 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53 - Prob. 1DACh. 53 - Prob. 2DACh. 53 - Prob. 3DACh. 53 - Prob. 4DACh. 53 - Prob. 5DACh. 53 - Prob. 1IQCh. 53 - Prob. 2IQCh. 53 - Prob. 3IQCh. 53 - What factors might be responsible for the slight...Ch. 53 - Prob. 1UCh. 53 - Prob. 2UCh. 53 - The study of song development in sparrows showed...Ch. 53 - Prob. 4UCh. 53 - Prob. 5UCh. 53 - Prob. 6UCh. 53 - Prob. 7UCh. 53 - Prob. 8UCh. 53 - In the haplodiploidy system of sex determination,...Ch. 53 - Prob. 10UCh. 53 - Prob. 11UCh. 53 - Prob. 1ACh. 53 - Refer to figure 54.25. Six pairs of birds were...Ch. 53 - Prob. 3ACh. 53 - Prob. 1SCh. 53 - Behavioral genetics has made great advances from...Ch. 53 - If a female bird chooses to live in the territory...
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- If the rate of some process is governed by the abundance of prey individuals, we say that it is prey-dependent. Give some examples of prey-dependent processes.arrow_forwardinterpret the following graph: In the graph, the number of days are 18.. 1 day is equal to 60 sec. days are taken on x-axis. The mean foraging times are taken on y-axis.arrow_forwardInterpret the following graphs: In the graphs, the number of days are 18.. 1 day is equal to 60 sec. days are taken on x-axis. The mean foraging times are taken on y-axis.arrow_forward
- Answer the following thoroughly and add comments as to how this topic affects humanity (and you) and give examples. c) Optimal foraging strategiesarrow_forwardBecause resources are limited, natural selection will favor organisms that acquire the most food and resources while expending the least energy, an idea called the optimal foraging theory. This theory is paired with another that more specifically explains patch movement and foraging behavior, which is named the marginal value theorem. true or falsearrow_forwardGreat white sharks prefer marine mammals like seals but can eat a number of other prey items, including birds and fish. According to the table below, what is the critical search time for seals, above which great white sharks should choose to eat an albatross if they encounter one? Prey item: seal (energy = 60 Mcals, handling time = 5 minutes) Prey item: albatross (energy = 10 Mcals, handling time = 2 minutes)arrow_forward
- Interpret the following graphs: In the graphs, the number of days are 18.. 1 day is equal to 60 sec. For the first graph, days are taken on x-axis. The mean foraging times are taken on y-axis. For the 2nd graph, percentage of prey caught during first half of winter(1-6days) were taken on x-axis and percentage of prey caught during 2nd half of winter(7-12days) were taken on y-axis.arrow_forwardWhy is functional response to prey density important in ecological research?arrow_forwardAccording to optimal foraging theory a. individuals minimize energy intake per unit of time. b. energy content of a food item is the only determinant of a forager’s food choice. c. time taken to capture a food item is the only determinant of a forager’s food choice. d. a higher energy item might be less valuable than a lower energy item if it takes too much time to capture the larger item.arrow_forward
- Name two other environmental factors which can affect the success of a predator.arrow_forwardPredators manage the population size of their prey through two methods: consumptive effects and non consumptive effects. What are the consequences of consumptive impacts on predator population? Use an example. What are consequences of non consumptive impacts on prey populations? Use an example.arrow_forwardOptimal foraging theory suggest that a predator selects among possible prey based on their relative profitability (energy gained per unit of energy expended). Do you think that predator directly evaluate the profitability of potential prey items before selecting or rejecting them ? If not, how mighta foraging strategy evolve ?arrow_forward
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