ESSENTIALS OF GENETICS-MODIFIED ACCESS
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134190006
Author: KLUG
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 6, Problem 24PDQ
In a human genetic study, a family with five
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An individual is heterozygous for a reciprocal translocation, with the following chromosomes:
A • B C D E F
A • B C V W X
R ST • U D E F
R ST • U V W X
Q. Explain why the fertility of this individual is likely to be less than the fertility of an individual without a translocation.
A diploid species has 3 pairs of chromosomes in its somatic cells. In males, the first pair is large submetacentric[1]; the second is medium acrocentric[2], and the third is small telocentric[3]. In females, the first two pairs are like those of the males while the third is large metacentric[4][5], with satellite4 Illustrate the karyograms (drawing/picture of the chromosome) of the following:
A triploid cell in females
tetrasomic cell in males
tetraploid cell in females
[1] submetacentric --centrosome is just above the middle of the chromosome
[2] acrocentric --centrosome is much higher location than submetacentric so that the “p” arm of the chromosome is much shorter than the q arm
[3] telocentric --the centromere is at the end of the chromosome
[4] metacentric --centrosome is in the middle of the chromosome; thus the “p-arm” and the “q-arm” or both arms of the chromosome are equal in length
[5] satellite-a constriction in an arm of a chromosome, aside…
An individual is heterozygous for a reciprocal translocation, with the following chromosomes:
A • B C D E F
A • B C V W X
R ST • U D E F
R ST • U V W X
Q. Draw the products of alternate, adjacent-1, and adjacent-2 segregations.
Chapter 6 Solutions
ESSENTIALS OF GENETICS-MODIFIED ACCESS
Ch. 6 - CASE STUDY| Fish tales Aquatic vegetation...Ch. 6 - CASE STUDY |Fish tales Aquatic vegetation...Ch. 6 - CASE STUDY |Fish tales
Aquatic vegetation...Ch. 6 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on...Ch. 6 -
CONCEPT QUESTION
2. Review the Chapter Concepts...Ch. 6 -
3. Define these pairs of terms, and distinguish...Ch. 6 -
4. For a species with a diploid number of 18,...Ch. 6 - What explanation has been proposed to explain why...Ch. 6 - Contrast the fertility of an allotetraploid with...Ch. 6 -
7. Why do human monosomies most often fail to...
Ch. 6 -
8. Describe the origin of cultivated American...Ch. 6 - Predict how the synaptic configurations of...Ch. 6 - Inversions are said to “suppress crossing over.”...Ch. 6 -
11. Predict the genetic composition of gametes...Ch. 6 - Human adult hemoglobin is a tetramer containing...Ch. 6 -
13. The primrose, Primula kewensis, has 36...Ch. 6 - Certain varieties of chrysanthemums contain 18,...Ch. 6 - Drosophila may be monosomic for chromosome 4, yet...Ch. 6 - Mendelian ratios are modified in crosses involving...Ch. 6 -
17. Having correctly established the F2 ratio in...Ch. 6 -
18. In a cross between two varieties of corn,...Ch. 6 -
19. A couple planning their family are aware that...Ch. 6 -
20. A woman who sought genetic counseling is...Ch. 6 - The woman in Problem 20 has had two miscarriages....Ch. 6 -
22. In a recent cytogenetic study on 1021 cases...Ch. 6 -
23. A boy with Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY) is...Ch. 6 - In a human genetic study, a family with five...Ch. 6 - A 3-year-old child exhibited some early indication...Ch. 6 - A normal female is discovered with 45 chromosomes,...
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- In a germline progenitor cell before DNA replication (2N), a translocation occurred between a telocentric and submetacentric chromosome resulting in a translocation heterozygote. The location of the translocation is illustrated below. Draw the Prophase I pairing conformation that would result from this translocation. The four types of chromosomes you have now can be labeled as follows: T-WT (telocentric wild type), T-TL (telocentric translocation), SM-WT (submetacentric wild type), and SM-TL (submetacentric translocation). Using these labels, list (please do not draw) the possible outcomes of Anaphase I and the possible phenotypes for each outcome. Please explain your reasoning for each phenotype in a few words. asaparrow_forwardL, R, P and D are four genes located on the same chromosome in a diploid organism. Map distances between different pairs of genes were determined and the following results obtained. Based on these data, what is the order of the genes on the chromosome? D-R: 35 CM P-D: 5 CM L-R: 10 CM D-P: 30 CM D-L 25 CM P-R: 40 CM Note that only one orientation of the order is given as an answer choice. For example: ABCD has the same order as DCBA, but only ABCD would be listed as a possible answer. So be sure to check both orientations when comparing your gene order to the possible answer choices. D-L-P-R P-D-L-R P-R-D-L L-P-R-D R-L-D-Parrow_forwardAn individual heterozygous for a reciprocal translocation possesses the following chromosomes: A B • C D E F G A B • C D V W X R S • T U E F G R S • T U V W X Q. Give the products that result from alternate, adjacent-1, and adjacent-2 segregation.arrow_forward
- In the figure below, black and pink lines are used to represent nonhomologous chromosomes. Which of the figures matches the following descriptions? More than one diagram may correspond to any one statement, and a diagram may be a correct answer for more than one question. 1) Gametes produced by a reciprocal translocation heterozygote: 2) Genetically balanced gametes produced by a reciprocal translocation heterozygote:arrow_forwardIn corn, the genes v (virescent seedlings), pr (red aleurone), and bm (brown midrib) are all on chromosome 5, but not necessarily in the order given. The cross: v+ pr bm/ v pr+ bm+ with v pr bm/ v pr bm produces 1000 progeny with the following phenotypes: v+ pr bm 226 v pr+ bm+ 229 v+ pr bm+ 153 v pr+ bm 185 v+ pr+ bm 59 v pr bm+ 71 v+ pr+ bm+ 36 v pr bm 41 What is the gene order, and the (b) genetic map of these three genes?arrow_forwardConsider the following two nonhomologous wildtype chromosomes, where letters or numbers represent genes, the "-" represents the centromere of each chromosome, and chromosomes are shown on separate lines. ABCDE-FGHIJK 123-45678 Identify the type of rearrangement shown in each of the following (A-C) and then identify whether it is balanced or unbalanced. Assume that the individual is diploid and heterozygous for the rearrangement. A. ABCDE-FGHIJKGH 123-45678 Rearrangement: [Select] • Balanced or Unbalanced: [Select] B. ABCDGF-EHIJK 123-45678 Rearrangement: [Select] Balanced or Unbalanced: [Select]arrow_forward
- Here is a depiction of the position of several genes on 2 chromosomes, with a dash "-" depicting the position of the centromere. Chromosome A has genes ABCD-EFGHIJ Chromosome B has genes 1234-56789. Please name the kind of rearrangement that would result in the following derivative chromosomes: 12D-EFGHIJ AB4-56789 O Unbalanced reciprocal translocation Unbalanced nonreciprocal translocation Balanced reciprocal translocation Balanced nonreciprocal translocationarrow_forwardRice has a chromosome number of 2n = 24. If different euploids and aneuploids are available in rice, identify the chromosomal mutation, chromosome configuration, chromosome number, and/or type of gametes in each of the mutations below. Example: For 10B, the answer is “10 II + 2 I”arrow_forwardA yeast geneticist irradiates haploid cells of a strain that is an adenine-requiring auxotrophic mutant, caused by mutation of the gene ade1. Millions of the irradiated cells are plated on minimal medium, and a small number of cells divide and produce prototrophic colonies. These colonies are crossed individually with a wildtype strain. Two types of results are obtained:(1) prototroph × wild type : progeny all prototrophic(2) prototroph × wild type : progeny 75% prototrophic, 25% adenine-requiring auxotrophsa. Explain the difference between these two types of results.b. Write the genotypes of the prototrophs in each case.c. What progeny phenotypes and ratios do you predict from crossing a prototroph of type 2 by the original ade1auxotroph?arrow_forward
- A phenotypically abnormal individual has a phenotypically normalfather with an inversion on one copy of chromosome 7 and a phenotypicallynormal mother without any changes in chromosomestructure. The orders of genes along the two copies of chromosome7 in the father are as follows: R T D M centromere P U X Z C (normal chromosome 7)R T D U P centromere M X Z C (inverted chromosome 7) The phenotypically abnormal offspring has a chromosome 7 withthe following order of genes: R T D M centromere P U D T R Using a sketch, explain how this chromosome was formed. In youranswer, explain where the crossover occurred (i.e., between whichtwo genes).arrow_forwardThe following recombinant frequencies were found between genes A, B, C, D, and E. Determine the order of these genes on the chromosome and draw a linkage map of this chromosome with the map units labeled. А, С: 10% А, D: 30% А, Е: 6% В, С: 4% В, D: 16% В, Е: 20% C, D: 20%arrow_forwardA chromosome of genotype C D recombines with a homolog of genotype c d during meiosis when Spo11 produces a double-strand break between genes C and D. If anticrossover helicase disentangles the invading strand, the likely outcome would be A) two C D and two c d gametes. B) two C d and two c D gametes. C) one C D, one C d, one c D, and one c d gamete. D) four C D gametes. E) four c d gametesarrow_forward
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