Chapter 6, Problem 6.29P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given blank in this statement has to be filled.

Concept introduction:

Lewis acid and base:

The chemical species which is able to accept a pair of an electron called Lewis acid and Lewis base has able to donate a pair of electron to Lewis acid.

Example for Lewis base: ${\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{,OH}}^{\text{-,}}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O,etc}$

Example for Lewis acid: Hydrogen ion ${\text{(H}}^{\text{+}}\text{)}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given blank in this statement has to be filled.

Concept introduction:

Lewis acid and base:

The chemical species which is able to accept a pair of an electron called Lewis acid and Lewis base has able to donate a pair of electron to Lewis acid.

Example for Lewis base: ${\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{,OH}}^{\text{-,}}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O,etc}$

Example for Lewis acid: Hydrogen ion ${\text{(H}}^{\text{+}}\text{)}$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given blank in this statement has to be filled.

Concept introduction:

Bronsted-Lowry acid and bases:

The chemical species which is able to donate hydrogen ion to other substance known as B-L acid and the species which is able to accept hydrogen ion from another species known as B-L base.

Example for B-L acid: Hydrochloric acid $\text{(HCl)}$, Acetic acid ${\text{(CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COOH)}$ and Ammonium cation ${\text{(NH}}^{\text{+}}\text{)}$

${\text{HCl+H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{Cl}}^{\text{+}}{\text{+H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}$

Where, Hydrochloric acid donates hydrogen ion to water (B-L base).  Hence, $\text{HCl}$ is (B-L acid) and water is B-L base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given blank in this statement has to be filled.

Concept introduction:

Bronsted-Lowry acid and bases:

The chemical species which is able to donate hydrogen ion to other substance known as B-L acid and the species which is able to accept hydrogen ion from another species known as B-L base.

Example for B-L acid: Hydrochloric acid $\text{(HCl)}$, Acetic acid ${\text{(CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COOH)}$ and Ammonium cation ${\text{(NH}}^{\text{+}}\text{)}$

${\text{HCl+H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{Cl}}^{\text{+}}{\text{+H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}$

Where, Hydrochloric acid donates hydrogen ion to water (B-L base).  Hence, $\text{HCl}$ is (B-L acid) and water is B-L base.